Title: Empirical Determinants of Household Saving - Evidence from OECD Countries
Author/Editor: Callen, Tim ; Thimann, Christian
Series: Working Paper No. 97/181
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Savings | Developed countries | Tax structures | Social security

Title: A Decade of Civil Service Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa
Author/Editor: Lienert, Ian ; Modi, Jitendra R.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/179
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Employment | Sub-Saharan Africa

Title: IMF Estimates of Potential Output: Theory and Practice
Author/Editor: De Masi, Paula
Series: Working Paper No. 97/177
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Production | Developed countries | Developing countries | Transition economies

Title: The Capital Structure of Listed Companies in Poland
Author/Editor: Hussain, Qaizar ; Nivorozhkin, Eugeniy
Series: Working Paper No. 97/175
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Stock markets | Poland | Capital

Title: Vertical Tax Externalities in the Theory of Fiscal Federalism
Author/Editor: Keen, Michael
Series: Working Paper No. 97/173
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No. 3, September 1998.
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Taxation | Tax policy | Economic models

Title: The Bank of Canada's Monetary Policy Framework - Have Recent Changes Enhanced Central Bank Credibility?
Author/Editor: González-Hermosillo, Brenda ; Ito, Takatoshi
Series: Working Paper No. 97/171
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Canada | Inflation | Central banks

Title: Investment, Uncertainty, and Irreversibility in Ghana
Author/Editor: Pattillo, Catherine A.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/169
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No. 3, September 1998.
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Investment | Ghana | Economic models

Title: Private Investment and Endogenous Growth - Evidence From Cameroon
Author/Editor: Ghura, Dhaneshwar
Series: Working Paper No. 97/165
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Investment | Cameroon | Economic growth | Economic models

Title: Policy Reform as Collective Action
Author/Editor: Johnson, Omotunde E. G.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/163
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic policy | Economic reform

Title: Lessons from Systemic Bank Restructuring: A Survey of 24 Countries
Author/Editor: Dziobek, Claudia Helene ; Pazarbasioglu, Ceyla
Series: Working Paper No. 97/161
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Bank restructuring | Banking systems | Bank reforms

Title: Are Currency Crises Predictable?
Author/Editor: Goldfajn, Ilan ; Valdés, Rodrigo O.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/159
Date: December 1, 1997
Subject(s): Currencies | Exchange rates

Title: Prices in Transition - Ten Stylized Facts
Author/Editor: Koen, Vincent ; De Masi, Paula
Series: Working Paper No. 97/158
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): Prices | Inflation

Title: The CFA Franc Zone and the EMU
Author/Editor: Hadjimichael, Michael T. ; Galy, Michel
Series: Working Paper No. 97/156
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): CFA Franc | European Economic and Monetary Union | Monetary unions

Title: Wholesale Payments and Financial Discipline, Efficiency, and Liquidity
Author/Editor: Folkerts-Landau, D. F. I.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/154
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): Payments arrangements | Monetary policy | Banking | Liquidity

Title: How Macroeconomic Factors Affect Income Distribution - The Cross-Country Evidence
Author/Editor: Sarel, Michael
Series: Working Paper No. 97/152
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): Income distribution

Title: Cooperation, Emergence of the Economic Agency Role of Government, and Governance
Author/Editor: Johnson, Omotunde E. G.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/150
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic cooperation | Governance | Economic models

Title: Policy Reform, Adjustment Costs, and Investment- With Activity of Local Investors as a Signal
Author/Editor: Johnson, Omotunde E. G.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/148
Date: November 1, 1997
Subject(s): Adjustment policy | Investment | Domestic investment | Economic models

Title: Determinants of Inflation in Mozambique
Author/Editor: Ubide, Angel J.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/145
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Inflation | Mozambique | Economic models

Title: Aging in the Asian "Tigers": Challenges for Fiscal Policy
Author/Editor: Heller, Peter S.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/143
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Asia | Pensions | Health care | Aging

Title: Reform of the Canada Pension Plan: Analytical Considerations
Author/Editor: Kramer, Charles Frederick ; Li, Yutong
Series: Working Paper No. 97/141
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Pensions | Canada | Economic models

Title: Corruption, Public Investment, and Growth
Author/Editor: Tanzi, Vito ; Davoodi, Hamid Reza
Series: Working Paper No. 97/139
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Corruption | Public investment | Economic growth | Productivity | Government expenditures

Title: Labor Market Institutions and Unemployment Dynamics in Transition Economies
Author/Editor: Garibaldi, Pietro ; Brixiova, Zuzana
Series: Working Paper No. 97/137
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No. 2, June 1998.
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Labor markets | Transition economies | Unemployment | Economic models

Title: Macroeconomic Cycles in China
Author/Editor: Oppers, Stefan E.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/135
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Business cycles | China | Inflation

Title: Fiscal Policy and the Predictability of Exchange Rate Collapse
Author/Editor: Daniel, Betty C.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/133
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Exchange rates | Monetary policy | Budgets

Title: Can Switching Between Inflationary Regimes Explain Fluctuations in Real Interest Rates?
Author/Editor: Bleaney, M. F.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/131
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Inflation | Real effective exchange rates

Title: Cyclical Fluctuations in Brazil's Real Exchange Rate: The Role of Domestic and External Factors
Author/Editor: Agénor, Pierre-Richard ; Hoffmaister, Alexander W. ; Medeiros, Carlos I.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/128
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Real effective exchange rates | Brazil | Capital inflows

Title: Exchange Rate Volatility, Pricing to Market and Trade Smoothing
Author/Editor: Clark, Peter B. ; Faruqee, Hamid
Series: Working Paper No. 97/126
Date: October 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange rates | Exchange markets | Export prices | Economic models

Title: Monetary Impact of a Banking Crisis and the Conduct of Monetary Policy
Author/Editor: García-Herrero, Alicia
Series: Working Paper No. 97/124
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Banking | Monetary policy instruments | Argentina | Paraguay | Venezuela, Republica Bolivariana de | Estonia | Latvia | Lithuania | Philippines

Title: Shock Versus Gradualism in Models of Rational Expectations: The Case of Trade Liberalization
Author/Editor: Auernheimer, Leonardo ; George, Susan Mary
Series: Working Paper No. 97/122
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Trade liberalization | Economic models

Title: Income Distribution and Social Expenditure in Brazil
Author/Editor: Clements, Benedict J.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/120
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Income distribution | Brazil | Government expenditures | Social policy

Title: Policy Complementarities and the Washington Consensus
Author/Editor: Aziz, Jahangir ; Westcott, Robert F.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/118
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic growth | Development policy

Title: The Impact of Trade Prices on Employment and Wages in the United States
Author/Editor: Hakura, Dalia
Series: Working Paper No. 97/116
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Trade | United States | Employment | Wages

Title: The Changing Role of the State in the Economy - A Historical Perspective
Author/Editor: Tanzi, Vito
Series: Working Paper No. 97/114
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Social policy | Economic policy

Title: Investing U.S. Social Security Trust Fund Assets in Private Securities
Author/Editor: Leidy, Michael P.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/112
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Investment | United States | Social security | Economic models

Title: Saving in Southeast Asia and Latin America Compared - Searching for Policy Lessons
Author/Editor: Dayal-Gulati, Anuradha ; Thimann, Christian
Series: Working Paper No. 97/110
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Savings | Asia | Latin America | Social security | Budgets

Title: Tax Effort in Sub-Saharan Africa
Author/Editor: Stotsky, Janet Gale ; WoldeMariam, Asegedech
Series: Working Paper No. 97/107
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Taxation | Sub-Saharan Africa

Title: The Egyptian Stabilization Experience - An Analytical Retrospective
Author/Editor: Subramanian, Arvind
Series: Working Paper No. 97/105
Date: September 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic stabilization | Egypt | Fiscal policy | Monetary policy | Financial systems | Exchange rates

Title: Japanese Foreign Direct Investment and Regional Trade
Author/Editor: Bayoumi, Tamim ; Lipworth, Gabrielle
Series: Working Paper No. 97/103
Date: August 1, 1997
Subject(s): Foreign direct investment | Japan | Trade

Title: Controlling Fiscal Corruption
Author/Editor: Chand, Sheetal K. ; Moene, Karl Ove
Series: Working Paper No. 97/100
Date: August 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal management | Corruption | Tax evasion | Ghana | Economic models

Title: Some Evidence on Exchange Rate Determination in Major Industrial Countries
Author/Editor: Johnston, R. B. ; Sun, Yan
Series: Working Paper No. 97/98
Date: August 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange rates | Canada | Germany | Japan | United Kingdom | United States

Title: Public Disclosure and Bank Failures
Author/Editor: Cordella, Tito ; Levy Yeyati, Eduardo
Series: Working Paper No. 97/96
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No. 1, March 1998.
Date: August 1, 1997
Subject(s): Banking systems | Public information | Economic models

Title: The Role of Fiscal Policy in Sustainable Stabilization: Evidence from Latin America
Author/Editor: Ter-Minassian, Teresa ; Schwartz, Gerd
Series: Working Paper No. 97/94
Date: August 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Latin America | Economic stabilization

Title: Effects of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on Taxation and Interest Spending of National Governments
Author/Editor: Mongelli, Francesco P.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/93
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Taxation | Interest | European Economic and Monetary Union | Monetary policy | Fiscal policy | Economic models

Title: Exogenous Shocks, Deposit Runs and Bank Soundness - A Macroeconomic Framework
Author/Editor: Bléjer, Mario I.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/91
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Bank soundness | Monetary policy | Economic models

Title: Institutional Development - Skill Transference Through a Reversal of "Human Capital Flight" or Technical Assistance
Author/Editor: Ul Haque, Nadeem ; Khan, Ali
Series: Working Paper No. 97/89
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Human capital | Technical assistance | Wages | Economic models

Title: Capital Flows and the Twin Crises : The Role of Liquidity
Author/Editor: Goldfajn, Ilan ; Valdés, Rodrigo O.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/87
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Capital flows | Liquidity | Economic models

Title: Recovery Ratios and Survival Times for Corporate Bonds
Author/Editor: Izvorski, Ivailo
Series: Working Paper No. 97/84
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Bonds

Title: Macroeconomic Fluctuations in Sub-Saharan Africa
Author/Editor: Hoffmaister, Alexander W.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/82
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No. 1, March 1998.
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic growth | Sub-Saharan Africa | Exchange arrangements | Economic models

Title: Inflation in Transition Economies: How Much? and Why?
Author/Editor: Ghosh, Atish R.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/80
Date: July 1, 1997
Subject(s): Inflation | Transition economies | Economic growth | Economic models

Title: Unemployment Persistence and Capital Shortage: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
Author/Editor: Braumann, Benedikt
Series: Working Paper No. 97/77
Date: June 1, 1997
Subject(s): Unemployment | Trinidad and Tobago | Capital

Title: Exchange Rate-Based Stabilization in Western Europe - Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal
Author/Editor: Detragiache, Enrica ; Hamann, A. Javier
Series: Working Paper No. 97/75
Date: June 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange rate stability | Greece | Ireland | Italy | Portugal | Inflation | Stabilization programs

Title: Corruption and the Rate of Temptation - Do Low Wages in the Civil Service Cause Corruption?
Author/Editor: van Rijckeghem, Caroline ; Weder, Beatrice
Series: Working Paper No. 97/73
Date: June 1, 1997
Subject(s): Corruption | Public sector wages | Economic models

Title: World Commodity Prices as a Forecasting Tool for Retail Prices - Evidence from the United Kingdom
Author/Editor: García-Herrero, Alicia ; Thornton, John
Series: Working Paper No. 97/70
Date: June 1, 1997
Subject(s): Commodity prices | United Kingdom | Monetary policy | Economic models

Title: An Analysis of External Debt and Capital Flight in the Severely Indebted Low Income Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa
Author/Editor: Ajayi, Simeon Inidayo
Series: Working Paper No. 97/68
Date: June 1, 1997
Subject(s): External debt | Sub-Saharan Africa | Low income developing countries | Capital outflows

Title: A Primer on the IMF's Information Notice System
Author/Editor: Zanello, Alessandro ; Desruelle, Dominique
Series: Working Paper No. 97/71
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): Real effective exchange rates | Fund

Title: Real Exchange Rate Levels, Productivity and Demand Shocks: Evidence from a Panel of 14 Countries
Author/Editor: Chinn, Menzie David ; Johnston, Louis Dorrance
Series: Working Paper No. 97/66
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange rates | Productivity | Government expenditures | Economic models

Title: Contrasting Monetary Regimes in Africa
Author/Editor: Honohan, Patrick ; O'Connell, Stephen A.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/64
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Africa | Central Banks

Title: European Monetary Union and International Capital Markets: Structural Implications and Risks
Author/Editor: Prati, Alessandro ; Schinasi, Garry J.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/62
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): European Economic and Monetary Union | Capital markets | Capital flows

Title: Investment Implications of Selected WTO Agreements and the Proposed Multilateral Agreement on Investment
Author/Editor: Vocke, Matthias
Series: Working Paper No. 97/60
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): World Trade Organization | Foreign investment

Title: Explaining Consumption - A Simple Test of Alternative Hypotheses
Author/Editor: Bayoumi, Tamim A.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/56
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 44, No. 4, December 1997.
Date: May 1, 1997
Subject(s): Consumption | Canada | Liquidity | Economic models

Title: The Asymmetric Effects of Monetary Policy on Job Creation and Destruction
Author/Editor: Garibaldi, Pietro
Series: Working Paper No. 97/57
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 44, No. 4, December 1997.
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Economic models

Title: Liberalization and the Behavior of Output During the Transition from Plan to Market
Author/Editor: Hernández-Catá, Ernesto
Series: Working Paper No. 97/53
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 44, No. 4, December 1997.
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Economic stabilization | Transition economies | Economic models

Title: Current Account Imbalances in ASEAN Countries - Are they a Problem?
Author/Editor: Ostry, Jonathan David
Series: Working Paper No. 97/51
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Current account | Indonesia | Malaysia | Consumption | Economic models

Title: The IMF Monetary Model at Forty
Author/Editor: Polak, J. J.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/49
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Fund | Balance of payments | Demand for money | Economic models

Title: Intra-Industry Trade of Arab Countries: An Indicator of Potential Competitiveness
Author/Editor: Havrylyshyn, Oli ; Kunzel, Peter
Series: Working Paper No. 97/47
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Trade liberalization | Middle east | Economic models

Title: The Indonesian Financial System - Its Contribution to Economic Performance, and Key Policy Issues
Author/Editor: Montogomery, Jonh D.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/45
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Financial systems | Indonesia | Banking | Stock markets

Title: The Effect of Globilization on Wages in the Advanced Economies
Author/Editor: Slaughter, Matthew J. ; Swagel, Phillip
Series: Working Paper No. 97/43
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Trade | Wages | Capital flows

Title: A Provincial View of Economic Integration
Author/Editor: Bayoumi, Tamim A. ; Klein, Michael W.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/41
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 44, No. 4, December 1997.
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Consumption | Canada

Title: Foreign Exchange Risk Premium: Does Fiscal Policy Matter? Evidence from Italian Data
Author/Editor: Giorgianni, Lorenzo
Series: Working Paper No. 97/39
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange risk | Italy | Fiscal policy

Title: International Labor Standards and International Trade
Author/Editor: Golub, Stephen S.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/37
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): International Trade | Labor policy | World Trade Organization

Title: Aspects of Fiscal Performance in Some Transition Economies Under Fund-Supported Programs
Author/Editor: Buiter, Willem H.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/31
Date: April 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Centrally planned economies | Fund-supported adjustment programs | Economic models

Title: Inflation Targeting in Practice
Author/Editor: Debelle, Guy
Series: Working Paper No. 97/35
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): Inflation targeting | Monetary policy

Title: Bank Credit in Argentina in the Aftermath of the Mexican Crisis: Supply or Demand Constrained?
Author/Editor: Catão, Luis
Series: Working Paper No. 97/32
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): Bank credit | Argentina | Mexico | Supply | Demand | Economic models

Title: International Currencies and Endogenous Enforcement - An Empirical Analysis
Author/Editor: Prem, Roohi
Series: Working Paper No. 97/29
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): Currencies | Economic models

Title: Recent Export Credit Market Developments
Author/Editor: Drummond, Paulo Flavio Nacif
Series: Working Paper No. 97/27
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): Export credits | Developing countries | Centrally planned economies

Title: The Tax Treatment of Government Bonds
Author/Editor: Norregaard, John
Series: Working Paper No. 97/25
Notes: The paper presents the present provisions of taxation of interest from government bonds in OECD countries.
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): Taxation | Bonds

Title: Possible Effects of European Monetary Union on Switzerland: A Case Study of Policy Dilemmas Caused by Low Inflation and the Nominal Interest Rate Floor
Author/Editor: Laxton, Douglas ; Prasad, Eswar
Series: Working Paper No. 97/23
Date: March 1, 1997
Subject(s): European Economic and Monetary Union | Switzerland | Swiss franc | Monetary policy | Inflation | Interest rates

Title: What Determines Real Exchange Rates? The Long and Short of It
Author/Editor: MacDonald, Ronald
Series: Working Paper No. 97/21
Date: February 1, 1997
Subject(s): Real effective exchange rates | Economic models

Title: Cyclical Effects of the Composition of Government Purchases
Author/Editor: Aziz, Jahangir ; Leruth, Luc
Series: Working Paper No. 97/19
Date: February 1, 1997
Subject(s): Government expenditures | Economic models

Title: Phillips Curves, Phillips Lines and the Unemplyment Costs of Overheating
Author/Editor: Clark, Peter B. ; Laxton, Douglas
Series: Working Paper No. 97/17
Date: February 1, 1997
Subject(s): Monetary policy | Inflation | Unemployment | Economic models

Title: Stock Market Equilibrium and Macroeconomic Fundamentals
Author/Editor: Leigh, Lamin
Series: Working Paper No. 97/15
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Stock markets | Singapore | Economic growth | Economic models

Title: Patterns of Capital Flows to Emerging Markets: A Theoretical Perspective
Author/Editor: Chen, Zhaohui ; Khan, Mohsin S.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/13
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Capital flows | Emerging markets | Economic models

Title: Towards a Market Economy: Structures of Governance
Author/Editor: Dhonte, Pierre ; Kapur, Ishan
Series: Working Paper No. 97/11
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Governance | Markets | Economic growth | Economic policy

Title: Are Business Cycles Different in Asia and Latin America?
Author/Editor: Hoffmaister, Alexander W. ; Roldos, Jorge E.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/9
Notes: This paper was prepared for the first conference of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (October 17-19, 1996, Mexico City, Mexico).
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Business Cycles | Asia | Latin America | Economic models

Title: The Exchange Rate in a Dynamic-Optimizing Current Account Model with Nominal Rigidities: A Quantitative Investigation
Author/Editor: Kollman, Robert Miguel W. K.
Series: Working Paper No. 97/7
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Exchange rates | Current account | Economic models

Title: Adjusting to New Realities: MENA, The Uruguay Round, and the EU-Mediterranean Initiative
Author/Editor: Alonso-Gamo, Patricia ; Fennell, Susan ; Sakr, Khaled
Series: Working Paper No. 97/5
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Trade | Middle East | Africa | Trade liberalization | Multilateral trade negotiations | European Economic and Monetary Union | World Trade Organization

Title: Do Labor Market Policies and Growth Fundamentals Matter for Income Inequality in OECD Countries? Some Empirical Evidence
Author/Editor: Van Houdt, Patrick
Series: Working Paper No. 97/3
Notes: Also published in Staff Papers, Vol. 44, No. 3, September 1997.
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Labor market policy | Developed countries | Income distribution | Unemployment | Economic models

Title: Fiscal Imbalances, Capital Inflows, and the Real Exchange Rate: The Case of Turkey
Author/Editor: Agénor, Pierre-Richard ; McDermott, C. John ; Ucer, E. Murat
Series: Working Paper No. 97/1
Date: January 1, 1997
Subject(s): Fiscal policy | Turkey | Capital inflows | Real effective exchange rates