## c6-trade-in-services-classifications - SECTION I: THE ISSUE

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---

### Background
- The BPM6 classification, when adopted in full (including the standard and supplementary items), provides comprehensive information on trade in services flows; further analytical detail is available from the Extended Balance of Payments Services classification (EBOPS 2010) — International Monetary Fund.
- The full BPM6 (or EBOPS) breakdown, including presentation of travel by product, ensures broad consistency with the Central Product Classification (CPC), which is crucial for comparability and coherence between balance of payments and national accounts aggregates.
- In practice, many compilers only produce the first-level breakdown (the 12 main standard service categories of BPM6); this first-level breakdown often drives compilation efforts, especially in developing economies.
- Examples and indicators:
  - After the changeover from BPM5 to BPM6, many countries stopped publishing Telecommunication services separately from Computer and information services despite having done so under BPM5.
  - The standard category Other business services accounted for around 23 percent of world services trade in 2019 and is often used as a “basket” or “residual” category for unspecified services.
  - Information services are estimated to be less than 1 percent of total world trade in services by WTO.
- The trade in services classification is principally product-based; increasing production fragmentation (regional/global value chains) and digitalization complicate recording and create demand for additional information not typically available in the standard balance of payments framework.
- The IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics endorsed recommendations from the Final Report of the OECD/IMF Working Group on Balance of Payments Statistics Relevant for GVCs in 2019, including compilation of the full EBOPS breakdown and disaggregation by trading firm characteristics (ownership status and size), as recommended in GN C.2.

### Issues for Discussion — Main (First Level) Breakdown of Services in Balance of Payments
- Objective: assess whether moderate changes in the services classification can enhance analytical use and improve correspondence with CPC while limiting reporting burden and breaks in time series.
- Support for GN C.1 recommendations for supplementary breakdowns:
  - Travel: separate identification of Personal, cultural and recreational services in addition to Health services and Education services in presentation of travel by product.
  - Construction: supplementary breakdown of Construction abroad and Construction in the reporting economy to separately identify Constructions (goods) and Construction services (CPC divisions 53 and 54).
- Proposal: split BPM6 category "Telecommunication, computer, and information services" into two standard, first-level categories requiring separate identification of:
  - Telecommunications services
  - Computer and information services
- Rationale and consultation feedback for telecommunication/computer split:
  - Telecommunication services and computer/information services are fundamentally different; modern information services (databases, search engines) are conceptually close to computer services.
  - Consultations within the Current Accounts Task Team (CATT) showed general support, with some confidentiality concerns and suggestions to keep the BPM6 framework and make second-level items standard instead.
- Proposal: disaggregate BPM6 category "Other business services" into five standard, first-level items:
  - Research and development services (coverage identical to current BPM6)
  - Professional and management consulting services (coverage identical to current BPM6)
  - Trade-related services (proposed item 1.A.b.13)
  - Operating leasing services (proposed item 1.A.b.14)
  - Technical and other business services (proposed item 1.A.b.15) — would cover EBOPS SJ31, SJ32, and SJ35
- Rationale for Other business services split:
  - Fosters more precise classification, aids data users, and gives technical services similar prominence to professional services; compilers could still use a residual when transactions cannot be classified elsewhere.
- Acknowledged tradeoffs:
  - Increasing first-level detail may raise confidentiality issues and could lead to suppression of some data points, potentially reducing information for smaller economies with few reporting entities.
  - Majority feedback from CATT indicated global-level information would likely increase despite confidentiality concerns.
  - Adjustments to IT systems may be required.

### Information Needs Related to Global Value Chains (GVCs)
- The GN endorses GN C.2 recommendations on disaggregation of transactions by trading firm characteristics (enterprise characteristics).
- Because GVC information needs relate to actors rather than products, the GN does not advocate additional changes to the balance of payments services classification.
- GN C.4 will address other aspects related to merchanting and factoryless producers.

### Digitalization of International Transactions
- The GN supports adopting a separate accounting framework (built on top of the balance of payments) to identify digital trade (see OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade).
- The balance of payments services breakdown should remain mainly product-based (the “what” traded) rather than “how” products are traded; if new services are identified in the CPC revision, the balance of payments classification should reflect them where relevant.
- Intermediation services:
  - Importance has risen with digital intermediaries (Digital Intermediation Platforms, DIPs).
  - Most intermediation services are covered in the balance of payments in the product they intermediate (except trade-related services), but they are not separately identified.
  - ISIC revision and future revisions of the OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade are expected to clarify treatment of intermediaries; no definitive balance of payments classification changes proposed until those processes conclude.
  - A separate identification of intermediary-attributable transactions could be envisaged on a supplementary basis (e.g., “of which” items).
- Two options identified for intermediation services:
  - Option I: introduce a breakdown of trade-related services to account for different types of services and goods intermediated.
  - Option II: introduce supplementary items in the update of MSITS 2010 and in revised EBOPS (not in the balance of payments services classification).
  - Preference expressed in the GN and by the majority of consulted members for Option II, pending guidance from ISIC and CPC revisions and outcomes of GN C.4.
- Proposal to consider explicit identification in MSITS/EBOPS of digital services such as tele-health, tele-education, and cloud computing for analytical and policy utility.

### Outcomes (Summary of Proposals and Consultations)
- The GN proposes moderate changes to the BPM6 classification to expand first-level detail and improve correspondence with CPC; proposed changes are described in paragraphs 11 to 13 and detailed in Annex I and an accompanying Excel file.
- CATT feedback summary:
  - Largely agreed with the proposed split of Telecommunications, computer, and information services, but some countries raised confidentiality and time series break concerns.
  - Supported proposed breakdown of Other business services, highlighting the importance of separating research and development services and providing more granular information for national accountants; confidentiality concerns noted.
  - Emphasized need to align treatment of Operating leasing services with final GN C.5.
- On globalization and digitalization, the GN does not advocate additional changes to the services classification; new services should be reflected in CPC revision first and then included in the trade in services classification.
- On intermediation services and intermediation fees, two options identified; authors and the overwhelming majority of CATT, DZTT, and GZTT members prefer Option II (no changes in revised BPM6; consider supplementary items in EBOPS revision). Further analysis and guidance from ISIC and CPC revisions and GN C.4 outcomes will inform consistent treatment.

### June 2021 IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics Meeting — Decisions Approved
- Committee approved the following proposals:
  - Split Telecommunications, computer and information services into two standard, first-level items:
    - Telecommunication services
    - Computer and information services
  - Split Other business services into five standard, first-level items:
    - Research and development services
    - Professional and management consulting services
    - Trade-related services
    - Operating leasing services
    - Technical and other business services
  - Adopt a separate accounting framework (built on top of the balance of payments) to separately identify digital trade (see OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook for Measuring Digital Trade).
  - Introduce supplementary items to identify intermediation services in the update of the Manual of International Trade in Services (MSITS 2010) and in the new EBOPS revision (not in the balance of payments services classification).

### Annex I — Proposed Balance of Payments Services Breakdown (EBOPS 2010) — Key structural items and codes
- Level 0
  - Code: 0 0 — Description: S SERVICES — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
- Selected Level 1 proposals and codes (preserve source coding and types):
  - Code: 1 1 — SA Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 1 .1 — SAy Goods for processing in reporting economy - Goods returned, Goods received — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
    - Code: 2 1 .2 — SAz Goods for processing abroad - Goods sent, Goods returned — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 2 — SB Maintenance and repair services n.i.e. — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 3 — SC Transport — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Alternative breakdowns provided: Mode of transport and What is carried, with codes such as:
      - Code: 2 3 .1 — SC1 Sea transport — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Code: 3 3 .1 .2 — SC12 Sea transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Code: 2 3a.2 — SCB All modes of transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 4 — SD Travel — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Travel subcomponents and “of which” items include:
      - Code: 3 4 .2 .1 — SDB1 Travel; Personal; Health-related — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 3 4 a.5 .1 — SD5y Travel; Other services; Of which: Health services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 3 4 a.5 .3 — Travel; Other services; Of which: Personal, cultural and recreational services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: (blank in source)
  - Code: 1 5 — SE Construction — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Construction “of which” breakdown:
      - Code: 3 5 .1 .1 — Construction abroad; of which: constructions (goods) — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 3 5 .1 .2 — Construction abroad; of which: construction services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 6 — SF Insurance and pension services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 6 .1 — SF1 Direct insurance — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 7 — SG Financial services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 7 .2 — SG2 Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM) — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 8 — SH Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 9 — SI1 Telecommunication services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 10 — SI2 + SI3 Computer and information services — Type_current: suppl* — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 10.1 — SI2 Computer services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
    - Code: 2 10.2 — SI3 Information services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 11 — SJ1 Research and development services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 12 — SJ2 Professional and management consulting services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 13 — SJ3 Trade-related services — Type_current: EBOPS std — Type_proposed: (blank)
    - Trade-related breakdown options (suppl-OPTION I) include:
      - Code: 3 13.a — Trade-related services; of which: transport services — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)
      - Code: 3 13.d — Trade-related services; of which: sale of goods — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)
  - Code: 1 14 — SJ33 Operating leasing services — Type_current: EBOPS std — Type_proposed: (blank)
  - Code: 1 15 — SJ31+SJ32+SJ35 Technical and other business services — Type_current: suppl* — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 16 — SK Personal, cultural and recreational services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 16.1 — SK1 Audiovisual and related services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 17 — SL Government goods and services n.i.e. — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
- Notes preserving terminology:
  - "std" = standard item
  - "suppl" = supplementary item
  - "suppl*" = derivation from BPM6 standard or supplementary items
  - "EBOPS" = Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification (EBOPS 2010) standard item

*Prepared for the June 2021 IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics meeting by contributors including OECD, IMF, Argentina, UNSD, and others.*

### SECTION I: THE ISSUE

### c6-trade-in-services-classifications - SECTION I: THE ISSUE

### Background
- The BPM6 classification, when adopted in full (including the standard and supplementary items), provides comprehensive information on trade in services flows; further analytical detail is available from the Extended Balance of Payments Services classification (EBOPS 2010).
- The full BPM6 (or EBOPS) breakdown, including presentation of travel by product, ensures broad consistency with the Central Product Classification (CPC), which is crucial for comparability and coherence between balance of payments and national accounts aggregates.
- In practice, many compilers only produce the first-level breakdown (the 12 main standard service categories of BPM6); this first-level breakdown often drives compilation efforts, especially in developing economies.
- Examples of practical effects:
  - After the changeover from BPM5 to BPM6, many countries stopped publishing Telecommunication services separately from Computer and information services despite having done so under BPM5.
  - The standard category Other business services accounted for around 23 percent of world services trade in 2019 and is often used as a “basket” or “residual” category for unspecified services.
- Trade in services classification is principally product-based, but increasing production fragmentation (regional/global value chains) and digitalization complicate recording and create demand for additional information not typically available in the standard balance of payments framework.
- The IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics endorsed recommendations from the Final Report of the OECD/IMF Working Group on Balance of Payments Statistics Relevant for GVCs in 2019, which include compilation of the full EBOPS breakdown and disaggregation by trading firm characteristics (ownership status and size), as recommended in GN C.2.

### Issues for Discussion — Main (First Level) Breakdown of Services in Balance of Payments
- Objective: assess whether moderate changes in the services classification can enhance analytical use and improve correspondence with CPC while limiting reporting burden and breaks in time series.
- The GN supports GN C.1 recommendations for a supplementary breakdown for Travel and Construction:
  - Separate identification of Personal, cultural and recreational services in addition to Health services and Education services in presentation of travel by product.
  - Supplementary breakdown of Construction abroad and Construction in the reporting economy to separately identify Constructions (goods) and Construction services (CPC divisions 53 and 54).
- Proposal: split BPM6 category "Telecommunication, computer, and information services" into two standard, first-level categories to require separate identification of:
  - Telecommunications services
  - Computer and information services
  - Rationale: telecommunication services and computer/information services are fundamentally different; modern information services (databases, search engines) are conceptually close to computer services; information services estimated to be less than 1 percent of total world trade in services by WTO.
  - Consultations within the Current Accounts Task Team (CATT) showed general support, with some confidentiality concerns and suggestions to keep BPM6 framework and make second-level items standard instead.
- Proposal: disaggregate BPM6 category "Other business services" into five standard, first-level items:
  - Research and development services (coverage identical to current BPM6)
  - Professional and management consulting services (coverage identical to current BPM6)
  - Trade-related services (proposed item 1.A.b.13)
  - Operating leasing services (proposed item 1.A.b.14)
  - Technical and other business services (proposed item 1.A.b.15) — would cover EBOPS SJ31, SJ32, and SJ35
  - Rationale: split fosters more precise classification, aids data users, and gives technical services similar prominence to professional services; compilers could still use a residual when transactions cannot be classified elsewhere.
- Acknowledged tradeoffs:
  - Increasing first-level detail may raise confidentiality issues and could lead to suppression of some data points, potentially reducing information for smaller economies with few reporting entities.
  - Majority feedback from CATT indicated global-level information would likely increase despite confidentiality concerns.
  - Adjustments to IT systems may be required.

### Information Needs Related to Global Value Chains (GVCs)
- GN endorses GN C.2 recommendations on disaggregation of transactions by trading firm characteristics (enterprise characteristics).
- Because GVC information needs relate to actors rather than products, the GN does not advocate additional changes to the balance of payments services classification.
- GN C.4 will address other aspects related to merchanting and factoryless producers.

### Digitalization of International Transactions
- GN supports adopting a separate accounting framework (built on top of the balance of payments) to identify digital trade (see OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade).
- The balance of payments services breakdown should remain mainly product-based (the “what” traded) rather than “how” products are traded; if new services are identified in the CPC revision, the balance of payments classification should reflect them where relevant.
- Intermediation services:
  - Importance has risen with digital intermediaries (Digital Intermediation Platforms, DIPs).
  - Most intermediation services are covered in the balance of payments in the product they intermediate (except trade-related services), but they are not separately identified.
  - ISIC revision and future revisions of the OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook on Measuring Digital Trade are expected to clarify treatment of intermediaries; no definitive balance of payments classification changes proposed until those processes conclude.
  - A separate identification of intermediary-attributable transactions could be envisaged on a supplementary basis (e.g., “of which” items).
- Two identified options for intermediation services:
  - Option I: introduce a breakdown of trade-related services to account for different types of services and goods intermediated.
  - Option II: introduce supplementary items in the update of MSITS 2010 and in revised EBOPS (not in the balance of payments services classification).
  - Preference expressed in the GN and by the majority of consulted members for Option II, pending guidance from ISIC and CPC revisions and outcomes of GN C.4.
- Proposal to consider explicit identification in MSITS/EBOPS of digital services such as tele-health, tele-education, and cloud computing for analytical and policy utility.

### Outcomes (Summary of Proposals and Consultations)
- The GN proposes moderate changes to the BPM6 classification to expand first-level detail and improve correspondence with CPC; proposed changes are described in paragraphs 11 to 13 and detailed in Annex I and an accompanying Excel file.
- CATT feedback:
  - Largely agreed with the proposed split of Telecommunications, computer, and information services, but some countries raised confidentiality and time series break concerns.
  - Supported proposed breakdown of Other business services, highlighting the importance of separating research and development services and providing more granular information for national accountants; confidentiality concerns noted.
  - Emphasized need to align treatment of Operating leasing services with final GN C.5.
- On globalization and digitalization, GN does not advocate additional changes to the services classification; new services should be reflected in CPC revision first and then included in the trade in services classification.
- On intermediation services and intermediation fees, two options identified; authors and overwhelming majority of CATT, DZTT, and GZTT members prefer Option II (no changes in revised BPM6; consider supplementary items in EBOPS revision). Further analysis and guidance from ISIC and CPC revisions and GN C.4 outcomes will inform consistent treatment.

### June 2021 IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics Meeting — Decisions Approved
- Committee approved the following proposals:
  - Split Telecommunications, computer and information services into two standard, first-level items:
    - Telecommunication services
    - Computer and information services
  - Split Other business services into five standard, first-level items:
    - Research and development services
    - Professional and management consulting services
    - Trade-related services
    - Operating leasing services
    - Technical and other business services
  - Adopt a separate accounting framework (built on top of the balance of payments) to separately identify digital trade (see OECD-WTO-IMF Handbook for Measuring Digital Trade).
  - Introduce supplementary items to identify intermediation services in the update of the Manual of International Trade in Services (MSITS 2010) and in the new EBOPS revision (not in the balance of payments services classification).

*Prepared for the June 2021 IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics meeting by contributors including OECD, IMF, Argentina, UNSD, and others.*

### Annex I. Supplementary Information

### Annex I. Supplementary Information

### Proposed Balance of Payments Services Breakdown (EBOPS 2010)

- Level 0
  - Code: 0 0 — Description: S SERVICES — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 1 — Description: SA Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 1 .1 — Description: SAy Goods for processing in reporting economy - Goods returned, Goods received — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 1 .2 — Description: SAz Goods for processing abroad - Goods sent, Goods returned — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
  - Code: 1 2 — Description: SB Maintenance and repair services n.i.e. — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
  - Code: 1 3 — Description: SC Transport — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Alternative 1: Mode of transport (within SC Transport)
  - Level 2
    - Code: 2 3 .1 — Description: SC1 Sea transport — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Level 3
        - Code: 3 3 .1 .1 — Description: SC11 Sea transport; Passenger — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
          - Level 4
            - Code: 4 3 .1 .1 .a — Description: SC11z Sea transport; Passenger; Of which: Payable by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
        - Code: 3 3 .1 .2 — Description: SC12 Sea transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
        - Code: 3 3 .1 .3 — Description: SC13 Sea transport; Other than passenger and freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 3 .2 — Description: SC2 Air transport — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Level 3
        - Code: 3 3 .2 .1 — Description: SC21 Air transport; Passenger — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
          - Level 4
            - Code: 4 3 .2 .1 .a — Description: SC21z Air transport; Passenger; Of which: Payable by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
        - Code: 3 3 .2 .2 — Description: SC22 Air transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
        - Code: 3 3 .3 .3 — Description: SC23 Air transport; Other than passenger and freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 3 3 .3 .1 — Description: SC31 Other modes of transport; Passenger — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Level 4
        - Code: 4 3 .3 .1 .a — Description: SC31Z Other modes of transport; Passenger; Of which: Payable by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
    - Code: 3 3 .3 .2 — Description: SC32 Other modes of transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 3 3 .3 .3 — Description: SC33 Other modes of transport; Other than passenger and freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 3 .4 — Description: SC4 Postal and courier services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Alternative 2: What is carried (within Transport)
  - Level 2
    - Code: 2 3a.1 — Description: SCA All modes of transport; Passenger — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Level 3
        - Code: 3 3 a.1 .1 — Description: SCAz All modes of transport; Passenger; Of which: Payable by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
    - Code: 2 3a.2 — Description: SCB All modes of transport; Freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Code: 2 3a.3 — Description: SCC All modes of transport; Other than passenger and freight — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 4 — Description: SD Travel — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 4 .1 — Description: SDA Travel; Business — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
        - Level 3
          - Code: 3 4 .1 .1 — Description: SDA1 Travel; Business; Acquisition of goods and services by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 4 .1 .2 — Description: SDA2 Travel; Business; Other than travel, Other than acquisition of goods and services by border, seasonal, and other short-term workers — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 4 .2 — Description: SDB Travel; Personal — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
        - Level 3
          - Code: 3 4 .2 .1 — Description: SDB1 Travel; Personal; Health-related — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 4 .2 .2 — Description: SDB2 Travel; Personal; Education-related — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 4 .2 .3 — Description: SDB3 Travel; Personal; Other than health-related and education-related — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
    - Travel subcomponents (alternative breakdown)
      - Code: 2 4a.1 — Description: SD1 Travel; Goods — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 4a.2 — Description: SD2 Travel; Local transport services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 4a.3 — Description: SD3 Travel; Accommodation services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 4a.4 — Description: SD4 Travel; Food-serving services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 4a.5 — Description: SD5 Travel; Other services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
        - Level 3
          - Code: 3 4 a.5 .1 — Description: SD5y Travel; Other services; Of which: Health services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 4 a.5 .2 — Description: SD5z Travel; Other services; Of which: Education services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 4 a.5 .3 — Description: Travel; Other services; Of which: Personal, cultural and recreational services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: (blank in source)

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 5 — Description: SE Construction — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 5 .1 — Description: SE1 Construction abroad — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
        - Level 3
          - Code: 3 5 .1 .1 — Description: Construction abroad; of which: constructions (goods) — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 5 .1 .2 — Description: Construction abroad; of which: construction services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 5 .2 — Description: SE2 Construction in the reporting economy — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
        - Level 3
          - Code: 3 5 .2 .1 — Description: Construction in the reporting economy; of which: constructions (goods) — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
          - Code: 3 5 .2 .2 — Description: Construction in the reporting economy; of which: construction services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 6 — Description: SF Insurance and pension services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 6 .1 — Description: SF1 Direct insurance — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 6 .2 — Description: SF2 Reinsurance — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 6 .3 — Description: SF3 Auxiliary insurance services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 6 .4 — Description: SF4 Pension and standardized guarantee services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 7 — Description: SG Financial services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 7 .1 — Description: SG1 Financial services explicitly charged and other financial services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 7 .2 — Description: SG2 Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM) — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 8 — Description: SH Charges for the use of intellectual property n.i.e — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 9 — Description: SI1 Telecommunication services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 10 — Description: SI2 + SI3 Computer and information services — Type_current: suppl* — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 10.1 — Description: SI2 Computer services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl
      - Code: 2 10.2 — Description: SI3 Information services — Type_current: suppl — Type_proposed: suppl

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 11 — Description: SJ1 Research and development services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 12 — Description: SJ2 Professional and management consulting services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 13 — Description: SJ3 Trade-related services — Type_current: EBOPS std — Type_proposed: (blank)
    - Level 3 (trade-related breakdown options)
      - Code: 3 13.a — Description: Trade-related services; of which: transport services — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)
      - Code: 3 13.b — Description: Trade-related services; of which: accommodation services — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)
      - Code: 3 13.c — Description: Trade-related services; of which: services n.i.e. — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)
      - Code: 3 13.d — Description: Trade-related services; of which: sale of goods — Type_current: suppl-OPTION I — Type_proposed: (blank)

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 14 — Description: SJ33 Operating leasing services — Type_current: EBOPS std — Type_proposed: (blank)

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 15 — Description: SJ31+SJ32+SJ35 Technical and other business services — Type_current: suppl* — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 16 — Description: SK Personal, cultural and recreational services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
    - Level 2
      - Code: 2 16.1 — Description: SK1 Audiovisual and related services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std
      - Code: 2 16.2 — Description: SK2 Personal, cultural and recreational services other than audiovisual and related services — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

- Level 1
  - Code: 1 17 — Description: SL Government goods and services n.i.e. — Type_current: std — Type_proposed: std

Notes:
- "std" = standard item
- "suppl" = supplementary item
- "suppl*" = derivation from BPM6 standard or supplementary items
- "EBOPS" = Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification (EBOPS 2010) standard item

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_Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/data/statistics/bpm6/approved-guidance-notes/c6-trade-in-services-classifications.pdf_