## Third Phase of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative — Third Progress Report 2025 (Selected Sections) ## Source details **Canonical URL:** [Third Phase of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative — Third Progress Report 2025 (Selected Sections)](https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/news/seminars/dgi/documents/third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025.pdf) ## Other formats - [Markdown version](/-/media/files/news/seminars/dgi/documents/third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025.pdf.md) - [Structured JSON version](/-/media/files/news/seminars/dgi/documents/third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025.pdf.json) --- ### I. Introduction — purpose, scope, and timeline - G20 Bali Leaders' Declaration (November 2022) welcomed the workplan for a Third Phase of the Data Gaps Initiative (DGI-3). - DGI-3 workplan covers 14 recommendations; participation is voluntary and depends on national context and resources. - Implementation started in earnest in 2023 and is expected to conclude in 2027. - Report structure summarized: Section II (activities/readiness), Section III (economies’ implementation progress), Section IV (way forward). Annexes provide dashboards and explanatory notes. ### II. Key achievements (August 2024 to July 2025) - Finalized several methodological frameworks and reporting templates. - Defined key source data for estimates. - Established new compilation tools to foster efficient implementation. ### III. Readiness framework and summary readiness ratings - Three required inputs for a recommendation to be rated "ready": - (i) agreed conceptual/methodological framework; - (ii) source data to produce timely estimates (and tools to facilitate implementation); - (iii) agreed reporting template for dissemination. - Readiness rating logic: - "High" = all three inputs exist. - "Moderate" = 2 inputs exist. - "Low" = fewer than 2 inputs exist. - Note: Recommendations 13 and 14 excluded from Table 1 due to scope; frameworks discussed separately. ### IV. Readiness status by recommendation (summary of Table 1) - Recommendation 1 — GHG Emissions Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Manual for Air Emissions Accounts, Eurostat, SNA, SEEA-CF - Reporting templates: Yes (for SUTs and GHG emission accounts); framework for carbon footprints in development - Source data & tools: GHG Emissions Input-Output Tables (IOTs) or Supply and Use Tables (SUTs) / Multi-Regional Input Output (MRIOs) Tables; Air Emission Accounts Converter Tool - Recommendation 2 — Energy Accounts - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: SEEA-CF; Energy Statistics and Balances; SUTs - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA) Converter Tool; MRIOs - Recommendation 3 — Carbon Footprints of FDI - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Benchmark Definition of FDI, Fourth Edition (BD4); BPM6 - Reporting templates: Yes (FDI, ACME, TEC, carbon emission intensities); footprints templates still being developed - Source data & tools: TEC; MNE statistics; carbon footprint estimation methodology developed; emission intensities from Rec.1 could enhance estimates - Recommendation 4 — Climate Finance - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Developed - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Listed shares issuances and holdings; estimates of population, gridded GDP, built-up area, firms, and land; geospatial exposure estimates to climate hazards; damage functions; data for different climate scenarios - Recommendation 5 — Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed - Reporting templates: N/A - Source data & tools: A tool being developed, mainly for physical risks, to make hazards and exposure data more accessible - Recommendation 6 — Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed based on the SNA, GFSM 2014, and the SEEA-CF - Reporting templates: In development - Source data & tools: SUTs / input-output tables with significant product detail - Recommendation 7 — Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed based on SEEA-CF, GFSM 2014, the Classification of Environmental Purposes, and COFOG - Reporting templates: In development - Source data & tools: Current and capital government and private expenditures by purpose; Household Sector Accounts - Recommendation 8 — Distribution of Household Income, Consumption, and Savings - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: OECD Handbook on the Compilation of Household Distributional Results on Income, Consumption, and Savings in Line with National Accounts Totals - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household survey or administrative data; compilation tool available; Household Sector Accounts - Recommendation 9 — Distribution of Household Wealth - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Draft guidance by OECD-led EG DHW - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household Survey or Administrative Data on Wealth - Recommendation 10 — Fintech Credit - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance reflected in the 2025 SNA and the BPM7 - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Central bank balance sheets; administrative data on financial institutions; tax returns; household surveys; blockchain monitoring tools - Recommendation 11 — Digital Money - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance developed based on 2025 SNA, BPM7, and 2016 MFSMCG - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Supervisory data; administrative data on fintech companies - Recommendation 12 — Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance developed based on the Financial Access Survey (FAS) Guidelines and Manual 2019, 2024 FAS Pilot Guidelines and Definitions, 2016 MFSMCG, and other sources - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household survey; Global Findex; other sources to be explored ### V. Tools, reporting templates, and statistical infrastructure - Strategic approach: - IAG and participating economies invested in global statistical infrastructure: methodological frameworks, classification updates, and a suite of mainly open-source statistical tools. - Tools are customizable to national contexts while preserving methodological rigor. - Converter tools (IMF, UNSD, OECD collaboration) - Python-based MS Excel converter tools under development for energy and air emission accounts. - Converter tool capabilities: - Generate initial account estimates from energy balances and emission inventories using global or national data sources. - Customizable mappings to national classifications. - Promote transparency, peer review, and capacity building. - AEA converter tool specifics: - Maps national GHG inventories to economic activities using ISIC classifications. - Customizable to inventories submitted to UNFCCC or global databases such as EDGAR. - Provides breakdowns by industry and households; supports national carbon footprints and GHG intensity estimates. - Creates Sankey diagrams illustrating emission flows across sectors; users can update allocation factors and classifications. - PEFA converter tool specifics: - Transforms national energy balances into structured energy flow accounts. - User-friendly interfaces and dropdown mapping options. - Facilitates calculation of energy intensity indicators and multipliers for energy efficiency assessment. - Integration use case: - Air emissions accounts combined with MRIOs enable calculation of carbon footprint estimates for domestic consumption, exports, and footprints of multinational enterprises operating in an economic territory. ### VI. IMF geospatial physical economic and financial risk indicators platform (Recommendation 5 support) - Objective: - Help economies estimate exposures to economic and financial risk associated with climate hazards to inform macroeconomic policy interventions. - Platform features and data architecture: - High-resolution, interactive platform designed by IMF with ESRI. - Built on ESRI’s ArcGIS Experience Builder; delivers spatially explicit data across themes: population, GDP, buildings, cropland. - Advanced features: real-time monitoring; dynamic map visualizations; customizable granularity—from grid-level to national scales; metadata and scenario filters. - Integrates open-source datasets including Aqueduct, World Bank CCKP, NASA Earth Data. - Supports multiple climate-related scenarios and projection periods: 2030, 2050, and 2080. - Users can explore indicators such as heat stress, drought, and flooding. - Platform integrates with IMF’s internal data pipelines. - Example output note: - Floods Exposure: Percent of GDP and Population, Selected Economies. Population exposure percent baseline period: average: 1995–2010. GDP baseline period: 2010. - Source for example computations: IMF Staff computations (Recommendation 5 Task Team) using Aqueduct Floods Map (WRI); Gridded Population (WB, CCKP); Gridded GDP (Murakami et al. (2021)). ### VII. Implementation progress and implementation constraints (survey results and country-level highlights) - Common implementation constraints reported: - Limitations in staff resources, funding constraints, or lack of technical expertise. - Ongoing methodological revisions, shifts in national policy, and competing priorities delayed implementation. - Some economies assessed certain recommendations as not material or not immediate priority due to limited resources and competing international initiatives. - Climate and emissions-related recommendations (1–3) — reported progress: - Dissemination of energy accounts increased relative to 2024. - Seven economies reported closing the data gap for recommendation 1. - Fourteen economies reported closing the data gap for recommendation 2. - These economies reported disseminating both GHG emission accounts and consumption-based carbon footprints. - For recommendation 3, task team assessed a number of economies met the target for data inputs; task team will use inputs plus global datasets to estimate carbon footprints for all economies according to the updated methodology; economies must validate/approve resulting estimates. - Footnote: "The 4 economies that reported the data gap as closed report only the data required for the second-best target." - Climate finance and market data (Recommendation 4) — key figures and timelines: - Six templates (available on the DGI website) cover stocks and transactions of debt securities and listed shares. - All but three DGI-3 participating economies have submitted self-commitments to produce estimates on climate finance debt securities and listed shares. - Self-commitments cover more than 20,000 new time series on climate finance debt securities and green listed shares. - Planned reporting timelines from economies’ implementation plans: - Almost all economies plan to report intermediate target data for green debt securities issuances by end-2025. - Most economies plan to report data on holdings of climate finance debt securities by end-2026 or end-2027. - All economies with self-commitments for green listed shares plan to report these data by end-2027. - Workshop self-commitments reported at May 2025 workshop: - Self-commitments on climate finance debt securities by 21 economies. - Self-commitments for green listed shares by 8 economies. - Digital money and crypto assets (Recommendation 11) — pilot and data collection: - Task team launched a test data collection exercise; G20 economies participating on a best-effort basis. - Flexible reporting approach allows multiple data sources (regulatory reporting, central banks, household surveys, on-chain monitoring tools, commercial providers). - Templates emphasize Core and Advanced data categories with metadata. - All G20 and FSB non-G20 participating economies will take part in this exercise from July 15 to November 15, 2025. - Pilot results expected to be released in 2026. - Examples of national steps: Brazil, Spain, Russia, and Hong Kong SAR launched pilot projects, updated regulatory frameworks, or begun publishing experimental estimates. Spain plans expanded crypto questions in surveys. Italy reviewing supervisory/commercial platforms for data sources and aligning with MiCAR. - EU amended legal act in December 2024 revising Regulation (EC) 223/2009; EU views MiCAR central to future crypto monitoring frameworks; related data flows expected to begin in 2025. - Distributional and wealth statistics (Recommendations 8–9): - Several economies participated in a data collection round early 2025. - Recommendation 8: follow-up to earlier rounds; new results uploaded to Eurostat and OECD online databases. - Recommendation 9: first experimental data collection round; results to be published in an OECD Working Paper in early 2026. - ECB and some G20 economies already publish distributional wealth results regularly. - Task teams planning a next data collection round at end-2026 targeting more granular breakdowns. - Data sharing and access to private and administrative data (Recommendations 13–14) — survey summary: - Table 4 summary of changes in level of access to private and administrative data and data sharing: - Improved: 11 - No Change: 10 - No Response: 4 - Notable country examples of improved access: European Union (revision of Regulation (EC) 223/2009 adopted December 2024), Italy, Spain, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong SAR. - Data sharing maturity assessment framework (Section 2) will serve as basis for setting national self-commitments. ### VIII. Capacity building, pilot phases, workshops, and workplan - Encouragement of early dissemination: - Economies encouraged to publish experimental or preliminary data to test methodologies and foster comparability where official estimates are not yet disseminated. - Capacity development activities: - The July 2025 – December 2027 workplan includes workshops or bilateral consultations for recommendations 1–3, 5, 6–7 and 8–9. - Workshops will focus on finalizing templates and reviewing country-level estimates. - Workshop example (Recommendation 4 — May 20–21, 2025, Brasilia): - Hosted by Banco Central do Brasil; jointly organised by BIS, ECB and IMF; chaired by BIS WGSD. - Attended by 64 Task Team members and representatives from 19 G20/FSB economies (7 G20/FSB economies, OECD and FSB followed virtually). - Key outcomes: stocktake of Rec.4 workplan; self-commitments (21 economies for debt securities; 8 economies for green listed shares); plan for written consultation later in 2025 to invite additional self-commitments; next virtual workshop planned H1 2026. - Recommendation 11 workshop (May 27–29, 2025, Riyadh): - Endorsed three data collection templates (CBDCs, stablecoins, other crypto assets) to be used in test exercise starting July 2025. - Recommendation 12 workshop (January 30–31, 2025, Cape Town): - Consensus achieved on variables and definitions of proposed data template. - Planned workshops calendar summary (Sept 2025 – Mar 2027): - Recommendations 1–3: regional/country workshops in 2025 Q3; review estimates in 2025 Q4 and 2026 Q2. - Recommendation 4: compilation experiences workshop in 2026 Q2; final reporting targets workshop in 2026 Q3. - Recommendation 5: experimental indicators discussion in 2026 Q1; finalize methodology/compliation guidance in 2026 Q3. - Recommendations 6–7: methodology refinement workshop in 2026 Q2; implementation support workshop in 2026 Q3. ### IX. Governance, transition criteria, and next steps - Coordination and roles: - DGI-3 coordinated by IMF (DGI Secretariat) in close cooperation with IAG, FSB and G20 Presidency; IAG continues as global facilitator and monitor. - Lead and contributing international organizations specified per recommendation (examples: Rec.1 leads IMF, UNSD, Eurostat; Rec.4 leads BIS and ECB; Rec.11 lead IMF). - Task teams: - Task teams established for each recommendation or group of recommendations; engaged January 2023 – December 2027. - Task team mandates include stocktaking, methodological frameworks, questionnaires, tools, compilation guidance, and facilitating data production and dissemination. - Preliminary closure criteria discussed: - Finalized and endorsed methodological guidance. - Availability of reporting templates. - At least one round of data dissemination by all economies that committed to a target. - IAG to develop framework for closing out recommendations and structured onboarding of new data gaps; to be included in 2026 progress report. - Sustaining momentum depends on national resources, inter-agency coordination, and active engagement; IAG committed to support countries in producing high-quality, policy-relevant data. *Source: third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 (excerpt).* ### 1. Leveraging Global Datasets and Common Tools to Close Data Gaps ................................................... 11 ### 1. Leveraging Global Datasets and Common Tools to Close Data Gaps ### I. Introduction — purpose, scope, and timeline - The G20 Bali Leaders' Declaration (November 2022) welcomed the workplan for a Third Phase of the Data Gaps Initiative (DGI-3). - The DGI-3 workplan covers 14 recommendations reflecting G20 priorities; participation is voluntary and implementation depends on national context and resources. - Implementation started in earnest in 2023 and is expected to conclude in 2027. - Report structure: Section II summarizes DGI-3 activities and readiness of recommendations; Section III summarizes economies’ implementation progress; Section IV proposes the way forward. Annexes provide dashboards and explanatory notes. ### II. Status of DGI-3 Recommendations — progress and key inputs - Key achievements (August 2024 to July 2025): - Finalized several methodological frameworks and reporting templates. - Defined key source data for estimates. - Established new compilation tools to foster efficient implementation. - Three key inputs required by national statisticians to close data gaps: - (i) an agreed-upon conceptual/methodological framework; - (ii) source data to produce timely estimates (and tools to facilitate implementation); - (iii) an agreed reporting template for dissemination. - Readiness assessment approach: - Readiness rated "high" if all three inputs exist, "moderate" if 2 inputs exist, "low" if fewer than 2 inputs exist. - Recommendations 13 and 14 excluded from Table 1 due to scope; frameworks for these are discussed separately in the source. ### III. Readiness levels and availability of inputs (summary of Table 1) - Recommendation 1 — GHG Emissions Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Manual for Air Emissions Accounts, Eurostat, SNA, SEEA-CF - Reporting templates: Yes (for SUTs and GHG emission accounts); framework for carbon footprints in development - Source data & tools: GHG Emissions Input-Output Tables (IOTs) or Supply and Use Tables (SUTs) / Multi-Regional Input Output (MRIOs) Tables; Air Emission Accounts Converter Tool - Recommendation 2 — Energy Accounts - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: SEEA-CF; Energy Statistics and Balances; SUTs - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Physical Energy Flow Accounts (PEFA) Converter Tool; MRIOs - Recommendation 3 — Carbon Footprints of FDI - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Benchmark Definition of FDI, Fourth Edition (BD4); BPM6 - Reporting templates: Yes, for FDI, ACME, TEC, and carbon emission intensities; templates for footprints still being developed - Source data & tools: International Trade Statistics by Enterprise Characteristic (TEC); Activities of Multinational Enterprise (MNE) statistics; methodology on carbon footprint estimation developed; other data like emission intensities by industry/use/ownership from Rec.1 could enhance estimates - Recommendation 4 — Climate Finance - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Developed - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Listed shares issuances and holdings; estimates of population, gridded GDP, built-up area, firms, and land; geospatial exposure estimates to climate hazards; damage functions; data for different climate scenarios - Recommendation 5 — Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed - Reporting templates: N/A - Source data & tools: A tool being developed, mainly for physical risks, to make hazards and exposure data more accessible - Recommendation 6 — Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed based on the SNA, GFSM 2014, and the SEEA-CF - Reporting templates: In development - Source data & tools: SUTs / input-output tables with significant product detail - Recommendation 7 — Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Readiness: Moderate - Methodological frameworks: Developed based on SEEA-CF, GFSM 2014, the Classification of Environmental Purposes, and COFOG - Reporting templates: In development - Source data & tools: Current and capital government and private expenditures by purpose; Household Sector Accounts - Recommendation 8 — Distribution of Household Income, Consumption, and Savings - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: OECD Handbook on the Compilation of Household Distributional Results on Income, Consumption, and Savings in Line with National Accounts Totals - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household survey or administrative data on income and consumption; compilation tool available; Household Sector Accounts - Recommendation 9 — Distribution of Household Wealth - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Draft guidance developed by the OECD-led EG DHW - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household Survey or Administrative Data on Wealth - Recommendation 10 — Fintech Credit - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance reflected in the 2025 SNA and the BPM7 - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Central bank balance sheets; administrative data reporting on financial institutions; tax returns; household surveys; blockchain monitoring tools - Recommendation 11 — Digital Money - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance developed based on 2025 SNA, BPM7, and 2016 MFSMCG - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Supervisory data; administrative data on fintech companies - Recommendation 12 — Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Readiness: High - Methodological frameworks: Guidance developed based on the Financial Access Survey (FAS) Guidelines and Manual 2019, 2024 FAS Pilot Guidelines and Definitions, 2016 MFSMCG, and other sources - Reporting templates: Yes - Source data & tools: Household survey; Global Findex; other sources to be explored ### IV. Data compilation tools and reporting templates developed - Strategic approach: - IAG and participating economies invested in global statistical infrastructure: methodological frameworks, updates to classification systems, and a suite of mainly open-source statistical tools. - Tools use open-source or pre-existing data sources; are customizable to national contexts while preserving methodological rigor. - GHG Emission Accounts and Energy Accounts (Recs. 1 and 2) — converter tools - IMF, in collaboration with UNSD and OECD, is developing Python-based MS Excel converter tools for energy and air emission accounts. - Converter tools features: - Allow countries to generate initial estimates of accounts from energy balances and emission inventories, using global or national data sources. - Customizable to local classifications and data structures. - Promote transparency, peer review, and capacity building. - Useful for preliminary accounts aligned with statistical standards. - Purpose and capabilities: - AEA converter tool: - Utilizes national GHG inventories to map emissions to economic activities using ISIC classifications. - Customizable to inventories submitted to UNFCCC or sourced from global databases such as EDGAR. - Provides breakdowns by industry and households to support national carbon footprints and GHG intensity estimates. - Can create Sankey diagrams illustrating emission flows across sectors. - Allows users to update/customize allocation factors and classifications. - PEFA converter tool: - Transforms national energy balances into structured energy flow accounts. - Features user-friendly interfaces and dropdown mapping options. - Facilitates calculation of indicators such as energy intensity and multipliers for assessing energy efficiency and integrating energy data into macroeconomic contexts. - Integration use case: - Air emissions accounts combined with MRIOs enable calculation of carbon footprint estimates for domestic consumption, exports, and footprints of multinational enterprises operating in an economic territory. ### V. Illustrative outputs and mapping (Figure 1) - Group-enabled mapping links national accounts data with emissions using ISIC to enable emissions intensity analysis and carbon footprint calculation. - Example charts mentioned for South Africa and Indonesia demonstrate flexibility of group-enabled mapping adapting to level of national account detail. *Source: Third Phase of the G20 Data Gaps Initiative — Third Progress Report 2025 (section "1. Leveraging Global Datasets and Common Tools to Close Data Gaps")* ### 17. The IMF is developing a new geospatial physical economic and financial risk indicators ### 17. The IMF is developing a new geospatial physical economic and financial risk indicators ### Overview - The IMF is developing a new geospatial physical economic and financial risk indicators platform to help economies estimate their exposures to the economic and financial risk associated with climate hazards. - Objective: provide decision-makers with previously unavailable data for better targeted and effective macroeconomic policy interventions to mitigate the risk of economic losses due to climate hazards. ### Platform features and data architecture - High-resolution, interactive platform designed by the IMF in collaboration with the ESRI. - Built on ESRI’s ArcGIS Experience Builder and delivers spatially explicit data across themes such as population, GDP, buildings, and cropland. - Advanced features include: - real-time monitoring, - dynamic map visualizations, - customizable granularity—from grid-level to national scales, - metadata and scenario filters for tailored analysis. - Integrates open-source datasets, including Aqueduct, World Bank CCKP, NASA Earth Data. - Supports multiple climate-related scenarios and projection periods: 2030, 2050, and 2080. - Users can explore indicators such as heat stress, drought, and flooding. - Platform integrates with IMF’s internal data pipelines. ### Example output (flood exposure) - Figure 2 example: Floods Exposure: Percent of GDP and Population, Selected Economies. - Note: Population exposure percent for baseline period (average: 1995–2010). GDP baseline period: 2010. - Source for example computations: IMF Staff computations (Recommendation 5 Task Team) using flood data from Aqueduct Floods Map (WRI); Gridded Population (WB, CCKP); Gridded GDP (Murakami et al. (2021). ### Role in DGI-3 Recommendation 5 and policy use cases - Intended to support implementation of DGI-3 Recommendation 5 on forward-looking physical and transition risk indicators. - Enables policymakers to: - assess financial sector vulnerabilities, - identify risk hotspots, - quantify exposures by hazard type, - run scenario-based projections. - Designed as a powerful tool for both global and country-level macro-analyses. ### Operational and adoption considerations (from Box 1) - The DGI emphasizes leveraging global datasets and common tools to close data gaps efficiently and reduce duplication of national efforts. - Advantages of global datasets and tools: - (i) consistency – harmonized definitions and methodologies ensure comparability across countries; - (ii) accessibility – freely available data reduces entry barriers for lower-capacity economies; - (iii) efficiency – economies can leverage these datasets while developing primary data collection. - Effective use of these tools requires: - (i) strong institutional frameworks that bring together all data producers; - (ii) ongoing bilateral engagement to tailor support to country-specific needs; - (iii) capacity development activities, including regional workshops, e-learning modules, and peer exchanges. - Four conditions for national statistical producers to adopt co-developed estimates as official statistics: - Input by the NSOs on data sources, the methodology, and design of the statistical business process. - A robust quality assurance process to allow NSOs to audit any processing done outside of their direct control. - Distinguish the co-developed estimates from official statistics produced by the NSOs. - Assurances that the process is sustainable and data production will continue into the medium to long term. - Strategic use of global datasets and common tools is presented as a practical pathway to achieve DGI-3 objectives while national institutionalization ensures long-term sustainability. *Source: IMF Staff computations (Recommendation 5 Task Team) using flood data from Aqueduct Floods Map (WRI); Gridded Population (WB, CCKP); Gridded GDP (Murakami et al. (2021).* ### 36. Several respondents cited limitations in staff resources, funding constraints, or lack of ### third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - 36. Several respondents cited limitations in staff resources, funding constraints, or lack of ### Implementation challenges and constraints - Several respondents cited limitations in staff resources, funding constraints, or lack of technical expertise as barriers to compiling some of the recommendations. - Ongoing methodological revisions, shifts in national policy, and competing priorities—such as rollout of other international initiatives—contributed to delayed implementation or deprioritization of certain recommendations. - Economies that assessed some recommendations as not material or not immediate priority cited limited resources and competing demands from other international statistical initiatives as key constraints. ### Progress on climate and emissions-related recommendations (Recommendations 1–3) - Dissemination of energy accounts showed a marked increase relative to 2024. - Seven economies reported closing the data gap for recommendation 1. - Fourteen economies reported closing the data gap for recommendation 2. - These economies reported disseminating both GHG emission accounts and consumption-based carbon footprints. - For recommendation 3: - The task team assessed that a number of economies met the target in terms of providing the needed data inputs to estimate carbon footprint of FDI. - In all cases, to close the data gap, the task team will use data inputs together with additional information from global datasets to estimate carbon footprints for all economies. - This work will be implemented according to the methodology presented by the task team in their updated methodology paper. - Additional work will be required by the economies to validate/approve the resulting carbon footprint estimates for their economy. - Footnote: "The 4 economies that reported the data gap as closed report only the data required for the second-best target." ### Progress on climate finance and related market data (Recommendation 4) - Statistical infrastructure and methodological guidance for climate finance have been developed and are available to economies. - Six templates (available on the DGI website) cover stocks and transactions of debt securities and listed shares. - All but three DGI-3 participating economies have submitted self-commitments to produce estimates on climate finance debt securities and listed shares. - Self-commitments cover more than 20,000 new time series on climate finance debt securities and green listed shares. - Planned reporting timelines based on economies’ concrete implementation plans: - Almost all economies plan to report the intermediate target data for green debt securities issuances by end-2025. - Most economies plan to report data on holdings of climate finance debt securities by end-2026 or end-2027. - All economies with self-commitments for green listed shares plan to report these data by end-2027. - The task team noted that deepening exchange of experiences and best practices will be key to implementation. ### Distributional and wealth statistics (Recommendations 8–9) - Several economies participated in a data collection round early 2025. - For income, consumption, and savings (recommendation 8): follow-up to earlier rounds; new results uploaded to the online databases of Eurostat and the OECD. - For wealth (recommendation 9): a first experimental data collection round; results will be published in an OECD Working Paper in early 2026. - The ECB and some G20 economies are already publishing distributional wealth results on a regular basis. - Task teams are working to improve guidance and planning a next data collection round at the end of 2026 targeting more granular breakdowns. ### Digital money, crypto assets, and CBDCs (Recommendation 11 and related) - The task team launched a test data collection exercise; G20 economies are participating on a best-effort basis. - Flexible reporting approach allows use of various plausible sources: regulatory reporting, central banks/financial regulators, household surveys, international transactions reporting systems, on-chain monitoring tools, and commercial providers. - Templates emphasize two data categories – Core and Advanced – to guide compilers in prioritizing data collection; metadata explains sources and estimation techniques. - All G20 and FSB non-G20 participating economies will take part in this exercise from July 15 to November 15, 2025. - The pilot results are expected to be released in 2026. - Several economies have taken steps toward developing and reporting digital money data: - Examples: Brazil, Spain, Russia, and Hong Kong SAR launched pilot projects, updated regulatory frameworks, or begun publishing limited experimental estimates. - Spain plans to expand cryptocurrency-related questions in upcoming household and business surveys. - Italy is reviewing supervisory and commercial platforms for data sources and aligning with emerging regulatory frameworks, including the EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCAR). - The EU adopted an amended legal act in December 2024 revising Regulation (EC) 223/2009 on European Statistics. - The EU views MiCAR as central to developing future crypto-asset monitoring frameworks, with related data flows expected to begin in 2025. - Despite resource and regulatory constraints noted by some economies, most DGI-3 participants have shown clear commitment to building foundational infrastructure for future reporting of digital money. ### Data sharing and access to private and administrative data (Recommendations 13–14) - Progress: a number of DGI-3 participating economies made progress in data sharing infrastructure and access to private and administrative data for statistical use. - Table 4 summary of changes in level of access to private and administrative data and data sharing for Rec. 13 and Rec. 14: - Improved: 11 - No Change: 10 - No Response: 4 - Notable examples: - European Union: revision of Regulation (EC) 223/2009 adopted in December 2024, establishing a general obligation for private data holders to make data available for European statistics; implementation work underway. - Italy: strengthened legal and institutional framework; Bank of Italy entered new data-sharing agreements—both fee-based and free-of-charge—with research institutions for climate-related economic risk assessments; ISTAT implemented pseudonymization protocols. - Spain: continued NSO–central bank collaboration; extended data-sharing to multinational enterprise identification, microdata exchange, and development of experimental statistics tools such as the ViME viewer. - Germany: first successful linkage of foreign trade microdata from both the central bank and national statistical office, now available for external research. - Saudi Arabia: national statistical office gained expanded access to private and administrative data through SDAIA’s national data center and strengthened data-sharing via national data marketplace and GSB. - Hong Kong SAR: increased administrative data access in 2024, adding four new government departments as data providers. - The data sharing maturity assessment framework (Section 2) will serve as a basis for setting national targets (self-commitments) related to data sharing and access to private and administrative data. ### Institutional coordination, methodological work, and remaining priorities - Economies have made substantial progress on recommendations 4–7 and 11–12 through source data development, alignment with reporting templates, and strengthened institutional coordination. - For recommendations ranked moderate on the readiness score (Table 1), task teams will finalize methodological frameworks and reporting templates to support implementation; these include forward-looking physical and transition risk indicators, climate-impacting subsidies, and climate change mitigation and adaptation expenditures. - For recommendation 5, the task team will focus on finalizing the geospatial data platform to support implementation. - Advancing some recommendations will require closer collaboration across statistical and non-statistical domains to resolve source data availability. - Economies are encouraged to negotiate data sharing, formalize data access arrangements, and leverage methodological guidance. ### Encouraging early dissemination and use of global tools - Participating economies are encouraged to begin compiling and publishing experimental or preliminary data where official estimates are not yet being disseminated to test methodologies and foster comparability. - Global datasets and common tools developed collaboratively provide an efficient avenue for economies to close several data gaps and alleviate resource and technical capacity constraints. - IAG members (as task team leads) will consider thematic workshops, bilateral consultations, or peer learning activities to support economies. - The July 2025 – December 2027 workplan includes workshops or bilateral consultations for recommendations 1–3, 5, 6–7 and 8–9. - These workshops will focus on finalizing templates and reviewing country-level estimates. ### Governance, transition of recommendations, and next steps - As some recommendations reach maturity, the IAG is considering criteria for concluding task teams’ work and shifting to supporting economies in producing data. - Preliminary closure criteria discussed include: - finalized and endorsed methodological guidance; - availability of reporting templates; and - at least one round of data dissemination by all economies that committed to a target. - The IAG will further develop conditions for transitioning recommendations from “implementation” to “monitoring” phase, including required task team engagement. - The IAG agreed to jointly develop a framework for closing out recommendations and to explore a structured approach to onboarding new data gaps; this framework will be included in the 2026 progress report. - Sustained momentum depends on availability of national resources, strong inter-agency coordination, and active engagement of participating economies. - The IAG remains committed to supporting countries to enable production of high-quality, policy-relevant data. *Source: third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 (excerpt).* ### Annex 2. Status of the DGI-3 Data Gaps by ### third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - Annex 2. Status of the DGI-3 Data Gaps by Participating Economies—as of August 2025: Explanatory Notes ### Explanatory Notes - To assess the progress in addressing data gaps, the IAG surveyed the G20 and participating economies. - For each of the data gaps identified by the G20 FMCBGs, economies were asked to indicate their progress in closing the data gap. Economies were asked whether the: - Data gap is closed. Data are publicly disseminated on an official government website. - Data gaps is being addressed. The economy has a program of work in place or plan to put a program in place to address this data gap (resources have been allocated to address this data gap). - Data gap is not material. Based on the assessment of their key stakeholders and data users, the data gap is not material for the economy and the lack of data in this area is not an impediment to the development of effective policy. - Data gap is not an immediate priority area for the national authorities, given available resources. Based on their assessment, the data gap is material and required for effective policy, but the economy is unable to allocate resources to address this data gap given other priorities and resource constraints. ### Argentina — Summary by Recommendation - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: Argentina published a pilot air emission account for GHG. SUTs are published regularly (the latest is 2022). - References: https://www.indec.gob.ar/ftp/cuadros/territorio/cuenta_emisiones_aire_12_24.pdf; and https://www.indec.gob.ar/ftp/cuadros/economia/sh_cou_2022_06_25.xls. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: Argentina published pilot energy accounts in 2024. - Reference: https://www.indec.gob.ar/ftp/cuadros/territorio/cuenta_energia_08_24.pdf. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: During the stock take concluded in May 2025, the task team assessed that Argentina is making progress towards meeting the second-best target. In 2023, Argentina began developing and disseminating quarterly data on FDI positions and flows in line with BPM6 standards. Argentina is still working on producing estimates for direct investment assets, which are essential for achieving the second-best target. These estimates may not be available during 2025. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing). - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: - The National Securities Commission (CNV: Comisión Nacional de Valores) actively collects data on thematic bonds, including sub-sovereign bonds and financial trusts, covering green, social, sustainable, and sustainability-linked bonds, detailing financed projects, currency, maturity, and bond yields. - There is currently no comprehensive data collection process to gather information on the reduction of GHG emissions by the issuers of these securities, as specified in the Target of Data Gap 4 (Climate Finance). - CNV has defined green, sustainable, and sustainability-linked bonds in its “Guidelines for the Issuance of Thematic Marketable Securities in Argentina” adhering to the principles of the International Capital Market Association. CNV does not currently have a definition for Green Shares. - ESG Mutual Funds must invest a percentage of their portfolio in Green Assets (e.g., green bonds or stocks that meet ESG standards set by the Argentine stock exchange) to qualify. One eligible asset class is shares of companies included in the sustainability index of Bolsa’s y Mercados Argentinos S.A. (BYMA). - In 2024, BYMA launched the Voluntary Carbon Market to trade Carbon Credits in Argentina. Operating outside the Public Offering framework, it provides a trading platform for Carbon Credits issued by entities with validated, registered, and verified projects. Each credit represents the capture, mitigation, or reduction of one ton of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions in the atmosphere. The project includes trading through BYMA’s authorized systems and custody services provided by Caja de Valores S.A. BYMA’s Panel offers visibility into the purchase of carbon credits acquired for offsetting purposes. - The CNV is not the enforcement authority, has no jurisdiction, nor does it exercise supervision and/or control over BYMA’s role in the promoted trading of Carbon Certificates. CNV’s involvement is limited to authorizing the development of this related and complementary activity. - References: https://www.argentina.gob.ar/cnv/sostenibilidad-y-gobierno-corporativo/informes; https://www.byma.com.ar/financiarse/productos-esg/indice-de-sustentabilidad#composicion-indice; https://www.byma.com.ar/financiarse/productos-esg/mercado-voluntario-carbono. - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings. - Status: The data gap is not an immediate priority area for national authorities, given the available resources. - Notes: Elaboration depends on (i) the Household Economic Surveys, focusing on households as producers with national representation, (ii) the Household Income-Expenditure and Wealth Survey with national representation, and (iii) access to microdata from other domestic databases. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth. - Status: The data gap is not an immediate priority area for national authorities, given the available resources. - Notes: Elaboration depends on (i) nationally representative Household Income-Expenditure and Wealth Survey, and (ii) access to microdata from other domestic databases. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: - The Central Bank of Argentina issues a semestral Report on Non-Financial Credit Providers covering fintech credit activity, including credit granted by non-bank credit providers able to grant credit by electronic means. - Aspects evaluated include interest rates, the stock of loans, the number of debtors, type of debtor (human or legal person, age, and gender) and non-performing loans. - Fintech credit providers lend their own funds and raise funds in capital markets through securitization, corporate bonds, and, to a lesser extent, from financial institutions. - The Central Bank provided data related to the stock of financing from fintech credit companies through the annual FSB’s global monitoring exercise on NBFI. - Rec 11: Digital Money. - Status: The data gap is not an immediate priority area for the national authorities, given available resources. - Notes: - Law No. 27739: System for the Prevention of Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism, approved on March 14, 2024, includes reforms to the national regulatory system for Virtual Asset Service Providers, including creation of a Registry of Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) under supervision of the National Securities Exchange Commission. Registration is mandatory for all individuals or legal entities engaged in activities involving virtual assets in Argentina. - CNV has implemented a reporting requirement for VASPs, but current data requirements do not include the information necessary to address this Recommendation. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: - Data is periodically published in the Financial Inclusion Report. Financial Inclusion Indicators are published and can determine the channel for electronic payments indicators (payments and transfers of funds), including information on values and volumes. - For credit products, the channel can only be identified for a small number of credit providers that operate only online. - Account ownership: payment accounts can only be opened online; bank accounts can be opened through digital channels or in branches. Bank accounts can be operated by digital channels. - Electronic payment statistics cannot be disaggregated by gender at the moment. - The number of people and MSMEs with at least one credit product and the credit balance can be disaggregated by gender, age, and geographic location (at the municipality level). - The number of people with at least one bank account and one payment account (or both) can be disaggregated by gender, age, and geographic location (at the municipality level). - Information on income is not available for the selected indicators. - Rec 13: Access to private and administration data and Rec 14: Data Sharing. - Status: The level of access to private and administrative data and data sharing has not changed. ### Australia — Summary by Recommendation (partial) - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: Australia produces S U Ts and UNFCCC national GHG inventories which have been mapped to Australia's economic industry classifications – the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC). Carbon footprints are not currently produced. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts. - Status: The data gap is closed. - Notes: The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) publishes an Energy Account publication presenting physical estimates of energy supply and use, including renewable energy use, end use, COVID-19 impacts, and energy stocks. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI. - Status: Data Gap is Being Addressed. - Notes: - Calculation of carbon footprints from FDI is dependent on national carbon footprints from Recommendation 1. - The task team indicated that during the stock take concluded in May 2025, Australia met the target in terms of providing the needed data inputs to estimate carbon footprint of FDI. - To close the data gap in terms of estimating carbon footprint of FDI, the task team will use data inputs (target and second-best target) together with additional information from global datasets to estimate carbon footprint according to the methodology presented in the updated methodology paper. Economies will be asked to validate/approve the resulting carbon footprint estimates for their economy. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is not an immediate priority area for national authorities, given the available resources. - Notes: Currently, Australia is not in position to capture statistics on green debt securities and listed shares. - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators. - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Notes: Australia’s first National Climate Risk Assessment (NCRA) will be delivered over two years from 2023 to *Source: third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - Annex 2. Status of the DGI-3 Data Gaps by Participating Economies—as of August 2025 (PDF).* ### 2025. The NCRA will identify and prioritize the most valued areas that are of national significance and at ### third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - 2025 ### Australia — National Climate Risk Assessment (NCRA) and selected Recommendations - NCRA objective: - Identify and prioritize areas of national significance and at risk of climate change related to environment, biodiversity, health, infrastructure, agriculture, and the economy. - Deliver a shared national framework to inform national priorities for climate adaptation and resilience actions and enable consistent monitoring of climate risk across Australia. - NCRA is not a transition risk assessment and has not committed to deliver transition risk indicators. - Will draw on expertise from the Australian Climate Service (ACS), a partnership between the Bureau of Meteorology, Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and the ABS. - Timeline: - A qualitative first pass risk assessment was completed in 2023. - The quantitative and finalized risk assessment will be delivered during the second half of 2025. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - The annual Commonwealth Budget details climate-impacting measures as well as GDP and all other government expenditure and tax expenditures. Federal Budget Papers since October 2022 detail new climate spending commitments. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - New net zero spending commitments are available in 2024–25 Budget Statement 3 with measures elaborated in Budget Paper 2. - Budget Paper 1 splits net zero spending into 5 categories (category 1: climate mitigation; category 3: climate adaptation). - Rec 8 & Rec 9: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings; Distribution of Household Wealth - Status: The data gaps are being addressed. - Australian National Accounts release integrates ABS micro and macro data; latest release reference period was for 2021–22 financial year. Timing of next release to be confirmed. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: The data gap is closed. - RBA participated in the 2023 FSB pilot and continues to provide fintech credit data as part of the annual FSB global monitoring exercise on NBFI. Data relate to a limited number of finance companies; expanding collections or capturing marketplace lenders is not likely in the foreseeable future. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources and limited usage of captured types of digital money and crypto assets, as informed by the RBA’s Consumer Payments Survey. - RBA and Australian Treasury continue to explore a potential CBDC; a CBDC has not been issued in Australia. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Status: Not an immediate priority given available resources. - Recs 13 & 14: Access to private and administrative data; Data Sharing - Status: The level of access and data sharing has not changed. ### Brazil — progress on climate and fintech data recommendations - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Development through the National Inventory of Anthropogenic Emissions by Sources and Removals of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Data available in the Fourth National Communication of Brazil to the UNFCCC. - Supply use tables available; latest being for the year 2022. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - IBGE published Environmental-Economic Accounts for Energy Products from Biomass for 2015–2018 following SEEA - Central Framework and SEEA-Energy recommendations. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Brazil compiles and disseminates annual FDI stocks and flows and participates in CDIS. Sectoral breakdowns and data on selected MNE activities are available; GHG emissions have been estimated for several sectors with further steps required to extend estimates to FDI recipient economic sectors. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Central Bank is adjusting its debt securities data collection to identify climate finance instruments and aggregating data from all sources; work builds on DGI-2 experience. - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Preliminary forward-looking physical risk indicators compiled; BCB contributed to survey on these indicators. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Brazil involved in a project (with IADB) to compile climate related expenditure; pilot phase expects central government data by the end of 2025 (second-best target); expansion to general government planned for 2026. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Brazil intends to compile general government climate mitigation and adaptation expenditures but cannot expand coverage beyond general government in the near future. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - IBGE updating national accounts reference year compatible with ISIC rev. 5 and 2025 SNA; experimental studies at income quintile level underway; plans to release distribution estimates after methodological review associated with 2025 SNA update. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Measuring non-financial balance sheet remains a higher priority (capital stock and consumption of fixed capital work required). - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Central Bank has data on outstanding loans via regulated P2P fintech platforms and other regulated fintech entities; reported in annual FSB global monitoring exercise on NBFI. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Central Bank publishes monthly crypto assets data (revised in July 2024 following BPM7). Data collection expected to expand to cover Core, Priority, and Advanced categories after regulation (in development) expected in mid-2026 requiring VASPs to report FX operations. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Central Bank reviewing e-money methodology and working to meet second-best target using template submitted in June 2025. - Recs 13 & 14: Access to private and administrative data; Data Sharing - Status: No change during the last year. ### Canada — targets, implementation, and priorities - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources; aiming for the second-best target. - Canada disseminates S U Ts and partially meets air emission accounts target (accounts for three pollutants CO2, CH4, N2O in CO2 equivalents) for 2009–2021; pollutant tables available upon request. Consumption-based carbon footprint not currently produced; no timeline given. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Work to increase disaggregation in the Physical Flow Account for Energy use to the provincial/territorial level (second-best target). No resources allocated to develop an energy supply PFA table. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Status: The data gap is closed. - Required inputs are available; task team will use inputs with global datasets per updated methodology and ask economies to validate resulting estimates. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Canada has comprehensive statistics on issuers of debt and equity securities; additional funds needed to develop tools to track and identify green securities consistent with the Handbook on Securities Statistics (HSS). - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Further details needed from agreements around the concept note; commitment reassessed once guidance on methodology and indicators available. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources; target maintained but no new work anticipated until concepts and measures confirmed. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Feasibility studies for Environmental Protection Expenditure Accounts (EPEA) conducted; implementation possible subject to availability of financial and human resources. - Rec 8 & Rec 9: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings; Distribution of Household Wealth - Status: The data gaps are closed. - Canada meets second-best targets; distributions published in The Daily on statcan.gc.ca. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Canada disseminates an Economic Account for Non-bank Financial Intermediation and is building a fintech credit frame to derive required information for the FSB global monitoring exercise on NBFI; target to populate required NBFI details in 2026 on a best-efforts basis. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Commitment dependent on resources, consultations, and priorities; near-term focus on acquiring data sources to properly reflect digital money in macroeconomic accounts and developing a data collection framework. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Limited, targeted progress; work on Recommendation 10 likely to benefit Recommendation 12. - Recs 13 & 14: Access to private and administrative data; Data Sharing - Status: The level of access and data sharing has not changed. ### China — data developments and digital money (e-CNY) implications - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - National Bureau of Statistics plans to complete and release the 2023 Input-Output tables by the end of 2025. - Ministry of Ecology and Environment submitted multiple national GHG inventories (years listed) in 2024 to the UNFCCC secretariat. - SAFE revised legal documents to acquire source data for international trade in services by ownership; suggested IMF provide reporting templates and compilation guides. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - NBS develops and disseminates China's Annual Energy Balance Table via China Energy Statistical Yearbook. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - People's Bank of China established a debt securities statistical system per HSS; domestic green bonds standards Catalogue of Green Finance-Supported Projects (2025 Edition) released; work ongoing on submission of green bond data. - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - PBOC conducting indicator assessments using FSB climate vulnerability analysis framework and toolkit; refining indicators applicable to China's context. - Rec 6 & Rec 7: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies; Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: The data gaps are being addressed. - MoF issued Working Guidance on Fiscal Support for Carbon Dioxide Peaking and Carbon Neutral in 2022; some climate-related subsidy information available via Central Budget and Final Accounts Public Platform. - Rec 8 & Rec 9: Distribution of Household Income and Wealth - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - National Financial Regulatory Authority conducts statistics on online microloans offered by consumer finance companies and microloan companies. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - China strictly prohibits activities related to crypto assets; authorities do not collect data on stablecoins or unbacked crypto assets. - e-CNY is the digital form of central bank currency credentials and a payment system provided by the PBOC; e-CNY system processes resident transactions, non-resident consumption and cross-border transactions. - While ensuring user privacy, e-CNY can collect core and advanced metrics of the Draft Template of CBDC crafted by Rec.11 working group; project remains in pilot phase and data collection and computation are complex and novel; collaboration with authorized operators to collect relevant data and refine collection framework and metric calculations based on practice. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - e-CNY pilot requires continuous improvement in data collection; e-CNY wallets categorized by KYC level—anonymous wallet lacks identity information and related data cannot be classified by income/gender; other wallets collect identity data supporting classification by gender but not income. - Recs 13 & 14: Access to private and administrative data; Data Sharing - Status: The level of access and sharing improved over the last year. - Amendments to the Statistics Law being promoted to standardize and legalize sharing and use of administrative records and big data; newly revised Statistics Law stipulates full utilization and requires statistical agencies and departments at/above county level to establish statistical information-sharing mechanisms. - Inter-Departmental Data Sharing System: 58 government departments and 12 national social organizations share statistical data with NBS. - From 2023 to 2024, NBS expanded data accessibility by releasing micro-level datasets from the 2020–2022 Financial Status Survey of Industrial Enterprises Above Designated Size and the 2020 Household Income and Expenditure Survey for public use. ### France — closed gaps and planned reporting timelines - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Status: The data gap is closed. - Disseminated: Supply and Use Tables and Symmetric Input-Output Tables; Air Emission Accounts; Consumption-based Carbon Footprints. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - Status: The data gap is closed. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - France provided needed data inputs to estimate carbon footprint of FDI; task team will use inputs and additional global datasets and France will review resulting estimates. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Timeline: dissemination of green bonds set for Q4 2025 (first reporting); timelines envisaged for further stages (e.g., 2027 for listed shares). - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Indicators disseminated on: exposure to coastal erosion; climate scenarios; water exposure to natural hazard-observation; exposure to natural hazards—forward-looking (insurance sector climate stress test under IPCC scenario RCP 4.5 and impact under RCP8.5); climate change adaptation plan. Timeline for transition risks implementation is being defined. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Favorable environmental subsidies and similar transfers will be transmitted to Eurostat from 2025 within revised regulation 691/2011; France reports to OECD voluntary estimates of fossil fuel subsidies covering 2016 to 2023. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Capital expenditure on climate change mitigation to be transmitted to Eurostat from 2025 within revised regulation 691/2011; Institute for Climate Economics provides some estimation and forward-looking work. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Initial distributional analyses for 2018 and 2019 disseminated; set of distributional accounts published in November 2024 covering 2018 to 2022 with annual release from fall 2025. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth - Status: The data gap is closed. - French DWAs compiled in accordance with ECB Expert Group on Distributional Financial Accounts; experimental quarterly estimates for Euro Area members released by ECB at wealth decile level and available via Banque de France; INSEE improving wealth survey on real estate and professional wealth distribution; investigations on potential inclusion of additional national accounts items underway. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Data on fintech credit for 2023 and 2024 will be provided for the first time to the FSB global monitoring exercise on NBFI in 2025. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Banque de France will participate in the test data collection on crypto-assets in Q3 2025 on a best-effort basis; limited data expected at that stage with gradual increases in scope/quality alongside BPM7 and 2025 SNA implementation. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Recs 13 & 14: Access to private and administrative data; Data Sharing - Status: No change in the last year. ### Germany — data closures, planned publications, and methodological work - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - Status: The data gap is closed. - DESTATIS publishes S U Ts, Air Emission Accounts, and Consumption-based Carbon Footprints; Eurostat also disseminates S U Ts and Air Emission Accounts for Germany. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - Status: The data gap is closed. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Status: The data gap is closed. - FDI statistics available from the central bank website. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - ESCB Centralised Securities Database (CSDB) contains security-by-security data on green debt securities since December 2020; CSDB data use restricted within ESCB. Plans to expand ESG coverage to green listed shares and green investment fund shares; issuer sector included (ESA2010); Bundesbank to publish aggregate graphs on green bonds for Germany and EU-27; Bundesbank has access to company-level GHG emissions from commercial vendors and exploring direct extraction from company reports. - Rec 5: Forward-looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Bundesbank examining various data sources including private data providers, satellite images, and AI technologies to aggregate company-level information to sector/country breakdowns. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Project running for ESST with methods developed; data reporting will begin at the end of 2025 and provided by t+24 months. Data for reporting year 2021 is available; earlier years not planned. International methodological standards for PEDS expected via SEEA CF revision. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Due to EU delivery obligations, Germany is compiling mitigation investments for government, corporations, and private households to be provided by t+24 months; preliminary methodology under development, final methodology expected via SEEA CF revision in global cooperation. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings - Status: The data gap is being addressed. - Internal project with scientific support started in January 2024; first experimental data planned for 2026; results may be highly experimental due to resource and source limitations. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth - Status: The data gap is closed. - German DWAs compiled per ECB Expert Group methodology; updated and published quarterly since beginning of 2024 via Bundesbank and ECB Data Portal; Bundesbank conducts Panel on Household Finances every three years. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Status: Not an immediate priority given resources. - MiCAR entered into force in 2023; associated regulatory technical standards under development by EBA and ESMA; rules regarding ARTs and EMTs apply as of June 30. *Source: third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 (PDF chapter/section).* ### 2024. Rules regarding the authorization and ongoing supervision of CASPs in Title V apply as of ### third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - 2024. Rules regarding the authorization and ongoing supervision of CASPs in Title V apply as of ### MiCAR implementation timeline and related data reporting - Rules regarding the authorization and ongoing supervision of CASPs in Title V apply as of December 30, 2024. - All the other provisions of MiCAR (in particular Title II and Title VI) that are not directly applicable under Article 149(4) of MiCAR will also apply as of December 30, 2024. - Some individual articles already apply as of June 29, 2023. - The first data submission with reference June 30, 2025, is due on September 1, 2025. - Any data reporting based on the National Crypto Markets Supervision Act is not expected before 2026. ### Cross-cutting note on priorities and resources - Several economies indicate that certain recommendations are "not an immediate priority area for national authorities, given the available resources." - Pilot phases, phased targets (Target and Second-Best Target), and expected validation/approval steps are recurring features across multiple recommendations and countries. ### Recommendation-specific highlights (Rec 1–Rec 14) — selected country findings and statuses - Germany - First data submission and MiCAR timing: (see MiCAR implementation timeline above). - Rec 12 (Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion): data collection templates likely to be known by 2027; Germany will try to provide as many data points as possible depending on final definitions and national data availability. - Rec 13 and Rec 14: improvements in data exchange; first linked microdata set on foreign trade data from Deutsche Bundesbank and DESTATIS; Deutsche Bundesbank chairs INEXDA (www.inexda.org); June 2025 meeting topic: reproducibility of research findings based on administrative microdata. - India - Rec 1: National Communications and Biennial Update Report (BUR) submitted periodically to UNFCCC; SUTs latest for 2019–20. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed; Energy Accounts published as part of NSO’s ‘Energy Statistics’ adhering to SEEA Energy Framework with contextual adjustments. - Rec 4: Some data on green debt securities available on Securities and Exchange Board of India website (name of issuer, issuance date, date of maturity, amount raised, coupon, tenure and ISIN number). - Rec 8: HCES latest report pertaining to 2023–24 available; Technical Expert Group for Household Income Survey tentatively scheduled for 2026. - Rec 9: AIDIS latest report pertaining to 2019 available. - Rec 11: RBI publishes CBDC data in internal weekly statement of affairs and publicly released annual balance sheet; view that cryptocurrencies do not have intrinsic value and should not be classified as “Digital Money” alongside CBDC. - Rec 12: Aggregated information published; disaggregated by gender to begin once bank account disaggregation initiated. - Rec 13 and Rec 14: level of access and data sharing has not changed. - Indonesia - Rec 1: Supply use tables and air emission accounts are being published. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed; Indonesia releasing PEFA on an annual basis. - Rec 3: Task team assessed Indonesia does not yet meet the second-best target; plan to use task team inputs plus global datasets to estimate carbon footprint of FDI and ask economies to validate/approve resulting estimates. - Rec 5: CRMS Guidelines by OJK for banking sector; revised version will extend physical risk projections to 2100 and scenario analyses tailored to Indonesia; Indonesia Taxonomy for Sustainable Finance (TKBI) developed. - Rec 10: Fintech credit data closed; P2P Lending data routinely published through OJK and reported annually to the FSB. - Rec 11: Digital Financial Assets and Crypto Assets published monthly via RDKB; plan to publish monthly statistics on dedicated statistical portal; CBDC (Digital Rupiah) development via Project Garuda in three phases (initial phase completed in 2024; intermediate phase; final phase end-state), current focus on w-Digital Rupiah and securities ledger functionalities; crypto assets prohibited as means of payment but permitted for investment. - Italy - Rec 1: Data gap closed. ISTAT publishes SUTs 2010–2021 (break in series in 2015 and 2020); Air Emission Accounts 2008–2023 (2023 provisional); consumption-based carbon footprints 2010–2021. ISPRA disseminated carbon footprint data based on FIGARO model; data available 2010–2021, detailed CO₂ emissions by country for 2021. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed. ISTAT disseminates PEFA 2008–2023. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI being addressed; many required information published (FDI positions and flows 2005–2022; foreign affiliates statistics 2008–2021; trade in goods statistics by enterprise characteristics up to 2022); first release on services trade by enterprise characteristics disseminated in June 2024. - Rec 5: Forward-looking indicators partially developed (physical risk); methodologies for transition risk still limited; ISTAT advancing geo-referencing at high territorial resolution and assessing exposure to hydrological events, landslides, wildfires; presented in ISTAT Annual Report – The Situation of the Country (May 2025). - Rec 6 and Rec 7: Environmental subsidies and ESST module under EU Regulation 3024/2024 driving data collection strategies; ISTAT to produce GFCF estimates by end of October 2025. - Rec 8: Distribution of household income estimates in line with national accounts totals by income deciles transmitted to Eurostat annually covering 2015–2022; 2022 data sent to Eurostat in February 2025 (published as experimental statistics). Household consumption distribution expected by end of 2026 (years 2021–2022). - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth closed. Bank of Italy compiles and publishes DWAs per ECB EG DFA methodology. - Rec 10–12: Fintech credit, Digital Money, Fintech-enabled inclusion being addressed with data collection and test exercises (test data collection exercise starts July 2025 for Digital Money). - Recs 13–14: access to private and administrative data and data sharing improved; Bank of Italy and ISTAT entered into data-sharing and pseudonymization improvements; agreements to access private data (aggregated mobile network operators' data) established. - Japan - Rec 1: SUT data for 2011–2021 published; no organization in charge of Air Emission Accounts; GHG inventories provided to UNFCCC; guidelines and model projects for carbon footprint calculation. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed; annual SEEA-CF based energy accounts released. - Rec 3: Progress on first and fourth targets for carbon footprints of FDI; emitters can report overseas emissions from 2023. - Rec 4: Two green bond databases covering domestic issuance (Green Finance Portal; ESG Bond Information Platform). Japan will submit adjusted green bonds data by end of December 2025. - Recs 5–7, 12: cross-ministerial definitions and methodologies not fully agreed; statistical capacities and infrastructures need improvement. - Rec 10–11: Fintech credit and Digital Money not an immediate priority; CBDC experiments ongoing; supervised entities report required information for financial supervision; FSA can use blockchain analysis tools for supplementing data. - Republic of Korea - Rec 1–2: GHG and Energy Accounts not immediate priority; National Inventory Report 2010–2020 available but not classified by standard industry classification. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI being addressed; task team assessed Republic of Korea has met the target for providing needed data inputs. - Rec 8: Distributional accounts developed and disseminated from 2018 to 2022; plan to publish annually 18 months after the year concerned. - Rec 11: preparing for CBDC usability test and researching incorporation into monetary indicators. - Recs 13–14: access and sharing unchanged. - Mexico - Rec 1: GHG inventory with IPCC classification; air pollutant accounts and SUTs available for 2018. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI being addressed; estimates by Mexico’s Central Bank per DGI-3 guidelines; expected publication early 2026. - Rec 4: Climate finance statistics process under development; debt securities classification per SNA and SPO/prospectuses considered. - Rec 7: 2025 Expenditure Budget includes Annex 16 “Resources for Adaptation and Mitigation of the Effects of Climate Change” published December 24, 2024; 2024 Public Account reports MXN 267.38 billion spending shown in Annex 10. - Rec 10: Fintech core supply-side indicators delayed to 2025Q4; aspirational indicators to be requested 2026Q4. - Rec 12: EPFI information collected in 2025Q1; CI information to be collected in 2025Q4; disaggregated information planned for 2026. - Recs 13–14: no change. - Russia - Rec 1: GHG Emissions accounts compiled annually per Federal Statistical Work Plan. - Rec 4: Sustainable debt issues data published monthly starting mid-2023 with breakdowns by issuer/holder sector, maturity, interest rate. - Rec 5: Methodological recommendations (2021, 2023); Bank of Russia preparing a public consultation report on physical climate risks in 2025; scarcity of information is a key obstacle; centralized database recommended. - Rec 11: Bank of Russia considering new regulation on investments in crypto-assets; digital ruble pilot underway. - Recs 13–14: access and sharing unchanged. - Saudi Arabia - Rec 2: Supply and Use accounts compiled internally for 2023 under evaluation. - Rec 4: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Green Financing Framework published March 2024; inaugural Green Bond issued March 2025; central government green debt securities data available and expected ready for reporting by Q4 2025. - Capital Market Authority approved Guidelines for Issuing Green, Social, Sustainable, and Sustainability-Linked Debt Instruments starting 27/05/2025. - Rec 8: household income and expenditure survey with decile breakdown conducted; will be used to calculate distributional accounts. - Rec 10: SAMA developing Prudential Returns to capture fintech credit data for future FSB monitoring. - Recs 13–14: access and data sharing improved; GASTAT micro data labs and national data center access via SDAIA; data marketplace and national sharing channels activated. - South Africa - Rec 1: aiming to compile and release first Air Emission Accounts by November 2026; Energy Accounts updated by November 2025. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed; PEFA accounts 2015–2021 released March 2025; update for 2022 planned by November 2025. - Rec 3: FDI industry detail limited; not compiled according to BD4; adheres to BPM6 where feasible. - Rec 4: climate finance debt securities issuance data (domestic and international) compiled for DGI reporting with various historical coverages. - Rec 5: SARB initiated climate stress tests: climate stress test of systemically important banks initiated March 2024 and completed early 2025; climate risk add-on included in macroprudential stress test of insurers 2023/24. - Rec 7: climate finance tracking framework under development; climate budget tagging pilot across levels of government underway. - Rec 8–9: distributional data work ongoing with Stats SA IES 2022/23; aim to finalize 2023 distributional accounts early 2026 after public release of microdata. - Rec 12: project plan for FAS survey first part due December 2025 covering 27 variables (e-Money, e-wallets, mobile/internet banking, fintech lending, peer-to-peer lending, equity crowdfunding). - Recs 13–14: access and sharing improved; MoUs and data collection forms (C51) implemented; agreements with Strate and CSDPs progressing. - Türkiye - Rec 1–2: GHG emission accounts published by Eurostat for Türkiye; energy accounts closed via Eurostat. - Rec 4: database and data structure prepared to publish aggregated green issuance reports; MKK publishes statistics on GEFAS website since beginning of 2025; Türkiye will submit climate finance debt securities data to BIS by Q4 2025. - Rec 6: multiple climate-impacting subsidy programs described (Green Deal Compliance Project Support; Green Industry Project with World Bank support; Green Transformation Support Program). - Rec 7: central government budget includes climate/environment sub-programmes via performance-based program budget system. - Rec 10: fintech credit not material due to legal restrictions on lending by fintech providers. - Rec 11–12: digital money and fintech inclusion being addressed; pilots and stakeholder discussions planned. - Recs 13–14: no change. - United Kingdom - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and Carbon footprints closed; ONS and DEFRA publications meet high quality standards and are accredited official statistics. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts closed; PEFA produced with two-year lag and assessed as accredited official statistic. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI being addressed; task team assessed UK met data-input target; timeline not set. - Rec 4: Bank of England working on issuance information for green debt; short-to-medium term aggregate solution introduced; breakdowns and holdings more long-term; issuance of green listed equity tracked via LSEG 'Green Economy Mark'. - Rec 5: UK has statutory requirements to report on climate adaptation risks quinquennially; developing physical risk indicators as part of 4th climate risk assessment. - Recs 6–9, 10–12: several are not immediate priorities given resources; some internal reviews and new Financial Services Survey with fintech loans question planned integration before 2026/27. - Recs 13–14: improvement in access to private and administrative data and data sharing; ONS extracting value from agreements and preparing scanner data for CPI March 2026. - United States - Rec 1: BEA published initial research on air emissions physical flows April 2023; research discontinued. - Rec 2: BEA plans to publish working paper with experimental physical and monetary energy flow accounts for 2018–2023 in calendar year 2025. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI closed; extensive MNE and trade by enterprise characteristics data available. - Rec 8–9: Distribution of household income and consumption closed; research underway to produce joint distribution for savings. - Rec 11: Digital Money being addressed with limited data on stablecoins expected; regulatory environment and low feasibility of new collections limit near-term closure. - Recs 4–7,10,12: not immediate priorities or resource-limited. - Recs 13–14: no change. - European Union (EU / ECB / ESCB) - Rec 1–2–3: data gaps closed for GHG Emission Accounts, Energy Accounts, and Carbon Footprints of FDI (second-best target). - Rec 4: ECB compiles/publishes several aggregates on green debt/sustainability securities; issuance self-commitments to be published by end-2025; holdings by end-2026; exploring data sources for green listed shares. - Rec 5: ESCB publishes forward-looking physical risk indicators (coastal/river flooding, wildfires, water stress, standardized precipitation index, consecutive dry days); exploring transition risk indicators for future work. - Rec 6–7: environmental subsidies and climate expenditure work ongoing; Regulation EU 3024/2024 introduces ESST module. - Rec 8: annual household distributional accounts available but not yet published at t+18. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth closed; ECB started experimental DWAs January 2024 with quarterly updates. - Recs 11–12: Digital Money and Fintech inclusion being addressed; MICAR (Regulation EU 2023/1114) important for crypto monitoring; MICAR-related data flows expected in 2025. - Selected non-G20 FSB member economies — summary highlights - Hong Kong SAR: Rec 4 green debt reporting to follow WGSD/BIS timeline; Stablecoins Ordinance expected effect 1 August 2025. - Netherlands: Rec 1–2 closed; Rec 3 closed for second-best target; fintech credit data preliminarily published with more expected in 2025Q3; Rec 11 DNB intends to disseminate crypto holdings/issuances data in 2025. - Singapore: several DGI-3 recommendations 6–9 will not be addressed; Trusted Centre for Individual and Business Data (DOS TC) expanded administrative data sharing in 2023. - Spain: Rec 1–2 closed; Rec 9 closed (DWAs compiled per ECB EG DFA); Rec 8 distributional household income/consumption publication planned Q4 2026 (reference years 2021–2024); MiCAR observations on limits to granular statistical reporting. - Switzerland: Rec 5 closed with 2025 climate risk analysis to 2060; Rec 2 closed; several recommendations not immediate priorities given resources. ### Common implementation themes and data actions - Pilot phases and staged targets (Target / Second-Best Target) are widely used to manage feasibility and resource constraints. - Several jurisdictions plan MiCAR- or regulation-driven reporting for crypto/digital-asset statistics (notably EU, Spain, Netherlands, ECB-related entities). - Climate finance, environmental subsidies (ESST module under Regulation EU 3024/2024), and climate-related budget tagging are active areas of methodological development and pilot reporting across multiple countries. - Distributional accounts (income, consumption, savings, wealth) show varied progress: some countries report closed gaps (EU, US, Italy DWAs, Spain DWAs, Netherlands), others remain in pilot or early implementation stages with target dates spanning 2025–2027. - Access to private and administrative data, and data-sharing arrangements, show incremental improvements in many jurisdictions; some countries report no change. _Italic: Source — third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 (PDF chapter/section). The content above is drawn solely from the supplied source text._ ### Annex 3. DGI-3 Technical Workshops (2023–2027) ### Annex 3. DGI-3 Technical Workshops (2023–2027) ### Overview: August 2024–July 2025 workshops - Workshops conducted during August 2024–July 2025 provided technical support and capacity building on DGI-3 recommendations. - Workshops planned for September 2025–March 2027 are shown in the calendar (Annex 3. Table 1) at the end of the annex. ### Recommendation 4 — Climate Finance (May 20–21, 2025 workshop) - Event and organization: - Workshop on Securities Statistics for G20 and FSB economies held May 20–21, 2025. - Hosted by the Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) in Brasilia, Brazil. - Jointly organised by BIS, ECB and IMF; chaired by the BIS as chair of the Working Group on Securities Databases (WGSD). - Attended by 64 Task Team members and other representatives from 19 G20/FSB economies, one other IFC member central bank, the WGSD members, OECD, and FSB. - Note: Out of these, 7 G20 and FSB economies, the OECD and FSB were following the Workshop virtually. - Main objectives: - (1) take stock of the ongoing work on Recommendation 4, - (2) present economies’ implementation plans to achieve the intermediate and final reporting targets, - (3) support these implementation plans with the sharing of best practices, including on the compilation of data on green listed shares, - (4) deepen the exchange of practical experiences in compiling climate finance statistics. - Key findings and discussion points: - The Task Team discussed the Recommendation 4 workplan, additional self-commitments provided by economies in early 2025, and results of the recent stock-taking survey on economies’ implementation plans. - Self-commitments: - Self-commitments on climate finance debt securities by 21 economies. - Self-commitments for green listed shares by 8 economies. - These self-commitments provide a promising basis for Recommendation 4 implementation and significant potential for knowledge-sharing. - Reporting plans: - The stock-take survey showed economies have concrete plans for implementation. - Almost all economies plan to report the intermediate target data and other data on issuances of climate finance debt securities by Q4/2025. - Practical guidance and challenges: - Identified best practices for compiling climate finance statistics and illustrated available data sources including commercial data. - Highlighted challenges, especially compiling aggregates for green listed shares. - Suggested WGSD should further support and facilitate sharing of experiences (e.g., from economies more advanced in compiling green listed shares). - Additional guidance could be included in statistical manuals or a future WGSD guidance note (e.g., on measuring green revenues for financial corporations). - Taxonomies and metadata: - Emphasized current need to accept different taxonomies and standards across economies while making transparent in metadata which taxonomies and standards are applied. - Country experiences exchanged: - Representatives from Brazil, Italy, the United Kingdom, Mexico, Chile, the EU, and the IMF presented their work, highlighting variations in progress and concrete challenges (e.g., selection of data sources, treatment of borderline cases of climate finance securities). - Next steps agreed: - A written consultation to be launched later in 2025 to allow additional self-commitments (especially for green listed shares and for economies without any self-commitment so far), considering practical compilation guidance from the Workshop. - Deepening cooperation on exchanging compilation experiences deemed key to success when working towards final reporting targets. - Upcoming Recommendation 4 workshops should focus on supporting exchanges within the Task Team. - The next workshop, in a virtual modality, planned for the first half of 2026. - Possibility discussed to showcase new Recommendation 4 data to users during 2026. ### Recommendations 6–7 — Climate Change Related Subsidies and Expenditures - November 26, 2024 Task Team meeting (chaired by the IMF): - Attended by G20 and participating economies and international organizations. - Pilot phase of implementation scheduled to start in January 2025. - IMF presented concept notes, templates and guidance for pilot phase; participants provided feedback. - Country presentations: Brazil, Netherlands and the USA presented strategies to enhance mechanisms for obtaining required data to respond to DGI reporting requirements. - Pilot phase aims: - Refine templates and develop a comprehensive guide on data sources, methods, and best practices related to climate-impacting subsidies and expenditures. - Prescribed milestone reports for countries during the pilot phase to foster collaboration and learning across economies. - Experience from testing will serve as input to update standards, in particular SEEA and GFS. - Secretariat to actively support economies by facilitating sharing of experiences. - London Group and Technical Working Group meetings: - Week of October 7, 2024: two rounds of discussions on climate change expenditures. - Experimental estimates for climate change mitigation and adaptation expenditures developed for G7 countries using the EU FIGARO dataset. - Estimates initially presented at an international conference; revised following feedback and shared during the 30th meeting of the London Group. - SEEA community acknowledged value of proof-of-concept aggregates and offered suggestions for refinement. - October 4, 2024: Technical Working Group meeting for DGI-3 Recommendations 6 and 7 with representation from Eurostat, IMF, UNSD, OECD, Australia, Germany, Italy, Spain, and USA. - Focused on resolving outstanding issues in concept notes, resulting in refined concept notes shared with G20 and participating countries ahead of November 26, 2024 task team meeting. ### Recommendations 8–9 — Distributional Household Wealth and EG DNA - EG DHW (Expert Group on Distributional Household Wealth) meeting, Paris, September 18–19, 2024: - Advanced preparations for the 2025 data collection round under DGI-3. - Focused on finalizing data collection template and guidelines; addressing compilation challenges—particularly micro–macro gaps—and sharing methodological developments. - Key objective: support countries in producing experimental estimates aligned with DGI-3 intermediate targets while promoting consistency and comparability. - Outcomes and technical work: - Revised data collection template and guidance reviewed; economies welcomed revisions and provided input on loan classifications and feasibility of additional breakdowns. - Collection timeline shifted to end of January 2025. - Results to be summarized in an OECD working paper by late 2025, with provisions for selected updates received after cut-off date. - Secretariat introduced a diagnostic tool to identify and explain micro–macro gaps; exchanges on differences in data sources, population coverage, classification, and valuation methods. - Technical challenges addressed for measuring: real estate, pension entitlements, insurance reserves, and other financial instruments; methods for estimating missing or unmeasured components. - Discussions on publication strategy, centralized estimation approaches for non-reporting countries, and harmonizing national practices with international frameworks. - Joint session with Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts Framework (EG DNA) emphasized demand for joint distributions of income, consumption, and wealth and benefits of continued collaboration. - April 2025 meeting: - Focused on demonstrating the tool developed by the OECD to compile distributional results. - EG DNA (Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts Framework) meeting, Paris, September 19–20, 2024: - Prepared for 2025 data collection round. - Discussed updated collection template, ongoing work in countries, a simplified approach for less developed countries, and methodology improvements (including Pareto tail approach for the missing rich, derivation of price deflators for various household groups, and nowcasting developments). - Data collection deadline postponed to January 31, 2025 due to countries finalizing benchmark revisions in second half of 2024. - Results uploaded to the online database of the OECD. - A working paper to be published in the second half of the year focusing on updated results compiled by EG DNA members and results from centralized approach for countries not engaging in calculations themselves. ### Recommendation 11 — Digital Money (May 27–29, 2025 workshop) - Workshop details: - Hybrid workshop at the IMF’s Regional Office in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during May 27–29, 2025. - Marked endorsement of three data collection templates covering Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), stablecoins, and other crypto assets. - Templates to be used in test data collection exercise planned to start in July 2025. - Templates designed to be flexible to accommodate regulatory reports, estimates, surveys, and private commercial data providers; supported by detailed metadata. - Key themes and country presentations: - Emphasis on collaboration and strategic partnerships to address data gaps and improve regulatory oversight. - Importance of international cooperation related to data sharing and dissemination underscored. - Country status examples: - India: access to the CBDC restricted to residents; Reserve Bank of India publishes relevant CBDC data. - China: developing comprehensive data mechanisms. - Türkiye: in early stages of CBDC development. - Mexico: exploring CBDC from technological and regulatory perspectives, and to enhance financial inclusion. - Spain: uncertainty of using supervisory data for statistical purposes in EU due to confidentiality issues (presentation on stablecoins). - Switzerland and Netherlands: data availability constraints due to lack of Virtual Assets Service Providers’ (VASP) reporting obligations. - ECB, Mexico, and Brazil: challenges in capturing data from un-hosted wallets and need for regulation regarding crypto assets. - IMF Monetary and Capital Markets department overview: IMF work with non-G20 countries on regulating and supervising crypto assets; emphasized data collection and challenges faced by emerging markets and low-income countries. - Update provided on forthcoming Crypto Assets Compilation Guide aligned with the 2025 SNA and BPM7 methodology. ### Recommendation 12 — Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion (January 30–31, 2025 workshop) - Workshop outcomes: - Workshop held January 30–31, 2025, in Cape Town, South Africa. - Achieved consensus on variables and definitions of proposed data template. - Presentations and topics: - Country experiences: South Africa, India, the Netherlands, Mexico, and Spain on traditional and non-traditional fintech data collection. - Demand-side fintech data collection examples: OECD and Germany. - Data disaggregation practices: Argentina, Brazil, and Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP). - Private sector perspective: Finfind. - Collaborations and non-traditional data sources: Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance (CCAF), and Indonesia. - Global perspective: - World Bank highlighted link between financial inclusion and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). - Financial Stability Board (FSB) presented complementarities with Recommendation 10. - IMF emphasized financial inclusion's importance to financial stability, labor markets, fiscal policy, and inequality. - Recommendation 12 Secretariat updates on 2023–2024 data collection exercises, virtual events, and 2025–2027 workplan for data collection and dissemination. - Policy implication: - Workshop highlighted critical role of financial inclusion in fostering inclusive growth and recognized potential of fintech as catalyst for expanding access to financial services. ### Planned Workshops: September 2025 – March 2027 (Annex 3. Table 1 summary) - Calendar spans 2025 Q3–2027 Q1 with planned workshops linked to recommendations: - Recommendations 1–3: - Regional/country specific workshops scheduled in 2025 Q3. - Workshops to review estimates scheduled in 2025 Q4 and 2026 Q2. - Recommendation 4: - Workshop to exchange compilation experiences scheduled in 2026 Q2. - Workshop on implementation of final reporting targets for climate finance debt securities and green listed shares scheduled in 2026 Q3. - Recommendation 5: - Workshop to discuss experimental indicators scheduled in 2026 Q1. - Workshop to finalize methodology, compilation, and dissemination guidance scheduled in 2026 Q3. - Recommendations 6–7: - Workshop to refine methodologies scheduled in 2026 Q2. - Workshop to help with implementation of recommendation scheduled in 2026 Q3. ### Annex 4 introduction - Annex 4 titled "Updates on the Implementation of the DGI-2 Recommendations—as of August 2025" follows Annex 3. - The annex outlines DGI-2 data gaps addressed over the last year for several G20 and participating economies, beginning with country-specific entries (first entry: Argentina). *Source: Annex 3. DGI-3 Technical Workshops (2023–2027), third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025* ### 3.1 in January 2023. Table 3.1 of the Securities Statistics template has been released in 2023. ### third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - 3.1 in January 2023. Table 3.1 of the Securities Statistics template has been released in 2023. ### Brazil - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - Non-financial accounts transactions and financial accounts and balance sheets annual data are published at the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics website. - Dissemination of quarterly financial accounts balance sheets with one-quarter lag started in June 2022. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics (IBS) - Implementation of Stage 2 of IBS enhancements concluded. - Enhanced breakdowns in locational banking statistics (LBS) are being reported from Q1 2022 data during Q2/2022 reporting cycle; reported to BIS in August 2022. - Sector breakdown of domestic currency positions vis-à-vis residents of Brazil are not reported in LBS. - Stage 2 sector breakdown and domestic claims are not reported in consolidated banking statistics (CBS). - Rec.II.14: Cross-border Exposures of Non-bank Corporates - Dissemination of SRF 4SR started in June 2021. - Provision of IBS and securities data separately identifying the NFC sector started in June 2019 (securities) and August 2022 (IBS). ### China - Rec.II.2: Financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs) - Since Q4 2022, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) has been reporting FSIs to the IMF Statistics Department on a quarterly basis using a new template. - In collaboration with the IMF, the PBoC has retrospectively adjusted historical data from 2015 onward. The relevant data and metadata are published on the IMF website. - Rec.II.6: Derivatives - CSDC recognized as a Trade Repository (TR) by FSB in 2021; collects transaction-level data on OTC derivatives from securities firms. - CSRC guided CSDC to establish a standardized, electronic data collection system, implement tiered and categorized data reporting, and develop structured, differentiated data standards. - In September 2024, CSRC and PBoC jointly released financial industry standards for Unique Transaction Identifier (UTI), Unique Product Identifier (UPI), and Critical Data Elements (CDE). - In April 2025, CSRC and PBoC discussed implementation plans for UTI, UPI, and CDE standards. - Rec.II.7: Securities Statistics - China reports quarterly securities statistics to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) since 2019. - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - The 2023 Flow of Funds Accounts (FoF) for China has been compiled and published. - Based on the Fifth National Economic Census and updated source data, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) is revising historical FoF data from 1992–2022. - The revised dataset will be released by the end of 2025. - FoF data (1992–2023) are published in the China Statistical Yearbook and submitted to the UN and OECD annually. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics (IBS) - NFRA has preliminarily established a statistical framework for overseas banking activities under CBS requirements. - Data quality currently falls short of standards due to granularity and complexity; full compliance remains unmet. - Rec.II.12: Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS) - Completed. SAFE reports CPIS to IMF and, since 2021, publishes CPIS data disaggregated by resident holder sector. - Rec.II.13: Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) - Completed. SAFE reports bilateral equity and debt position data to IMF annually. - Rec.II.15: Government Finance Statistics (GFS) - National fiscal final accounts data and central government budget data available on the Ministry of Finance's website. - Rec.II.16: Public Sector Debt Statistics (PSDS) - Ministry of Finance publishes outstanding central government debt on a quarterly basis in accordance with the IMF's SDDS, including breakdowns by maturity, instrument, currency, and creditor residency. - Local government debt: monthly updates on issuance and outstanding balance of local government bonds including issuance, maturity structure, financing costs, repayment status, debt limits and outstanding balances. - Rec.II.17: Residential Real Estate Prices - NBS compiles and releases the New Residential Housing Price Index monthly for 70 major cities. ### France - Rec.II.5: Non-Bank Financial Intermediation - Work in progress to allow exchange of SFTs data. - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - National accounts in 2024 and quarterly national accounts in Q1 2025. ### Italy - Rec.II.4: G-SIFIs - Bank of Italy periodically issues press releases with identifications of G-SIFIs and submits data to FSB. - Rec.II.6: Derivatives - (Reference to Bank of Italy derivatives statistics work) - Rec.II.7: Securities Statistics - Data published by BIS; some datasets also available on ECB website: issuances and holdings. Datasets contain breakdown required under Rec.III.4. - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - Annual financial accounts and balance sheets disseminated through Eurostat website. - Quarterly financial accounts and balance sheets disseminated through ECB website. - Rec.II.10: International Investment Position - Regularly submitted to IMF. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics - (References to BIS LBS and CBS data filters) - Rec.II.12 and II.13: CPIS and CDIS - Regularly submitted to IMF. - Rec.II.14: Cross-border Exposures of Non-bank Corporates - Data confidential and available at restricted ECB data warehouse (Securities Holding Statistics - SHS). - Rec.II.15: Government Finance Statistics - (References to eurostat/GFS) - Rec.II.16: Public Sector Debt Statistics - Debt statistics regularly submitted to OECD, World Bank, and IMF. - Recs.II.17 and II.18: Residential and Commercial Property Prices - Euro area CPPI data; individual countries’ data confidential and available at restricted ECB data warehouse. - Rec.II.20: Promotion of Data Sharing - INEXDA cooperation fostering common catalogue and sharing experiences on Statistical Disclosure Control (SDC) and remote execution. - SDMX 3.0 exploration ongoing with focus on applying standard to microdata. ### Mexico - Rec.II.9: Household Distributional Information - Mexico participates in EG DNA and EG DHW. - Biennial results from 2008 to 2022 published on OECD website; possibility of publishing on INEGI website in 2027. - Wealth distribution information for 2019 generated by second project; no publication date on INEGI website. - Banco de México publishes several DGI-2 data in financial stability reports: - FSIs (Rec.II.2), CDM (Rec.II.3), G-SIFIs (Rec.II.4), NBFI (Rec.II.5), Derivatives (Rec.II.6), Securities Statistics (Rec.II.7), IBS (Rec.II.11), Cross-border Exposures of Non-bank Corporates (Rec.II.14). - International Investment Position (Rec.II.10) published quarterly. - CPIS (Rec.II.12) reported semi-annually and to IMF. - CDIS (Rec.II.13) reported yearly and to IMF. - Rec.II.15: Government Finance Statistics (GFS) - Published quarterly by Ministry of Finance (SHCP) under “Statistics on Public Finance,” tables “General Government Operations” and “General Government Balance Sheet.” - SHCP submits annual General Government Operations to IMF for Statistical Yearbook and monthly Central Government Balance Sheet for High Frequency Statistics. - Rec.II.16: Public Sector Debt Statistics (PSDS) - Published by SHCP under “Public Debt” subsections; General Government debt reported to World Bank/IMF/OECD PSDS database. - INEGI publishes Institutional Sector Accounts (annual and quarterly), Residential Property Prices (Rec.II.17), and Commercial Property Prices (Rec.II.18). ### Saudi Arabia - Rec.II.7: Securities Statistics - Quarterly debt securities statistics already reported to BIS. - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - Sectoral accounts from production account to financial account published, including non-financial accounts transactions (annual data) under Recommendation II.8. - Targets No.3 and 4 under Rec.II.8 are being worked on for forthcoming publication; quarterly targets No.2 and 5 have not started. - Rec.II.9: Household Distributional Information - Household Income and Expenditure Survey conducted; results will be used to cover data gap. Progress to be further assessed under DGI-3 Rec 8. - Rec.II.10: International Investment Position (IIP) - IIP data published by SAMA are highly aggregated; work underway to prepare IIP by sectors in line with DGI requirements. - Preparation of IIP by currency remains challenging. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics - SAMA submitted first part of IBS and started working with BIS to report CBS in near future. - Rec.II.14: Cross-border Exposures of Non-Bank Corporations - Provision of IBS and Securities data separately identifying the NFC completed for target 1; work in progress for 4 SR. - Rec.II.16: Public Sector Debt Statistics - Government debt reported with no issue; data disseminated is a good proxy of general government. - Way forward: include data for main public corporations. - Rec.II.18: Commercial Property Prices - Completed. GASTAT updated and published a real estate price index covering residential, commercial and agriculture. - Rec.II.19: International Data Cooperation and Communication - Saudi Arabia subscribes to SDDS since September 2019 and publishes on its National Summary Data Page. - SDMX implemented for reporting statistical data and metadata to SDDS and IBS. - Rec.II.20: Promotion of Data Sharing - SDAIA provides secure channels (GSB, GSN, NDL, Data Marketplace) for intergovernmental data sharing. - GASTAT offers “Request Statistical Service” and established a Microdata Center; has data-sharing agreements with local and international entities; periodic publications and surveys available on GASTAT’s website. ### South Africa - Rec.II.2: FSIs - FSIs submitted to IMF quarterly and used in SARB quarterly Financial Stability publication. - Rec.II.3: FSI Concentration and Distribution Measures (CDM) - CDMs not published separately but integrated into the Financial Stability Review and heatmap. - Rec.II.5: Non-Bank Financial Intermediation - Expanded measurement significantly as part of roadmap to full enumeration for Integrated Economic Accounts (IEA) and to provide expanded statistics to SARB Financial Stability Department. - Rec.II.7: Securities Statistics - Compiled as per agreement target and disseminated. - Rec.II.8: Institutional Sector Accounts - Dedicated division established within SARB Economic Statistics Department to manage IEA program. - Division produces quarterly publications in SARB Quarterly Bulletin and disseminates required IEA tables to OECD. - IEA Development Program underway to provide a 10-year roadmap. - Rec.II.10: International Investment Position - Detailed currency breakdown of IIP not yet available; estimates to be produced using amended quarterly survey including currency breakdown of foreign liabilities and assets. - Additional sources: LBS, CPIS, external debt statistics; classification updated to distinguish OFCs and NFCs. - Further guidance required on format, frequency, and timeframe for submission of debt liabilities by currency. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics - Reporting Locational Banking Statistics since September 2013; no progress on Consolidated Banking Statistics (CBS). - Rec.II.14: Cross-border Exposures of Non-Bank Corporations - Being addressed as part of IEA Development program. - Rec.II.16: Public Sector Debt Statistics - Compiled and published quarterly; improvements underway through IEA. - Rec.II.18: Commercial Property Price Indices (CPPI) - In-depth methodological assessment of data sources including appraisal-based indices (MSCI) and transaction-based indicators. - Annual capital growth index constructed using MSCI IPD “same store” subset; strong correlation with listed property market performance. - IMF peer review in 2023 highlighted limitations of appraisal-based indices (smoothing, lagging, potential client influence); recommended aligning CPPI development with financial stability monitoring objectives. - SARB Financial Stability Department emphasized need for indicators to detect early market stress; broader measures (yields, vacancy rates, sentiment indicators) identified as complements. - Feasibility of incorporating sentiment measures (e.g., RICS) is being explored. - SARB intends a targeted approach to CPPI development prioritizing support for financial stability monitoring. - A project plan anchored in GSBPM is being prepared to outline design, methodological decisions, resource requirements, and publication strategy. - Rec.II.19: International Data Cooperation and Communication - Significant progress leveraging IFC and OECD networks and IMF technical assessments. ### Türkiye - Rec.II.10: International Investment Position (IIP) - Currency composition tables for IIP for the years 2016-23 are planned to be reported to IMF by end of September 2024. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics (IBS) - Domestic positions vis-à-vis residents in LBS are not planned to be reported. - For CBS, domestic positions in domestic currency are not reported yet but planned to be reported with CBS revisions by end-2025. - Rec.II.18: Commercial Property Prices - CBRT started publishing CPPI, RPI and Office Price Index (OPI) quarterly on February 26, 2024. - Indices published for İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir and the whole country; series calculated starting from Q2 2015 with 2017 as base year. - Data sources: valuation reports by real estate appraisal companies for banks. - RPI and OPI use “characteristic-prices-based method”; regional GDP values (two years ago) used as weights for aggregating strata. - RPI and OPI weighted by total value of properties to construct CPPI. - Quarterly online press releases for CPPI published on CBRT website. Time series data available on EVDS. - CPPI data submitted to BIS and IMF quarterly; to be sent to Eurostat when Eurostat CPPI transmission system ready. ### United Kingdom - ONS statistical transformation continues; several DGI-2 required data published on website. - Rec.II.10: International Investment Position - Work continues to deliver currency split data agreed with IMF to uplift UK’s status to green (equivalent). - Progress on separate identification of Other Financial Corporations. - Rec.II.14: Cross-border Exposures of Non-bank Corporates - Updated samples/surveys for non-money market funds (S.124) and financial services sample/survey (S.125-S.127). - Integration of improvements into national accounts has started; IAG indicated UK would meet Amber requirement for DGI-2 Rec.14 if 4SR’s return provides outlined level of completion. ### United States - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics - Reporting data on local claims/liabilities in locational banking statistics (LBS) is still under development. ### Hong Kong SAR (Non-G20 FSB Member Economy) - Rec.II.7: Securities Statistics - HKMA implemented most self-commitments of stock data at nominal and market value, and net transactions at market value on Debt Securities Issuance Statistics in line with the Handbook on Securities Statistics (HSS). Response covers debt securities items reported by HKMA. - Rec.II.11: International Banking Statistics - HKMA implemented the 2019 IBS Guidelines starting from the December 2024 position. ### Singapore (Non-G20 FSB Member Economy) - Rec.II.5: Non-Bank Financial Intermediation - Target 2: Singapore started reporting SFTs data (for repos only). - Data submitted to BIS for January 2022 onwards. *Source: third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025 - 3.1 in January 2023. Table 3.1 of the Securities Statistics template has been released in 2023.* ### Annex 5. The DGI-3 Governance Framework ### Annex 5. The DGI-3 Governance Framework ### Coordination and institutional roles - The DGI-3 is coordinated by the IMF which provides the DGI Secretariat, in close cooperation with the IAG, the FSB and the G20 Presidency, and reports to the G20 FMCBGs. - The IAG will continue to play the role of global facilitator and coordinator, contributing to the enhancement of the global statistical infrastructure and, in addition to facilitation, also monitors progress. - The FSB Secretariat participates in the IAG meetings. - For each recommendation, lead and contributing international organizations are identified according to their mandate and previous contributions. ### Leading and contributing international organizations (by recommendation) - Rec 1: Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints - IMF, UNSD, Eurostat (leads), and the OECD. - Rec 2: Energy Accounts - UNSD (lead), as Secretariat of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Environmental-Economic Accounting (UNCEEA), with Eurostat and IMF. - Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) - IMF (lead), with OECD. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - BIS and ECB (leads), with IMF, OECD, FSB (user perspective) and with the work being coordinated by the BIS-ECB-IMF Working Group on Securities Databases (WGSD). - Rec 5: Forward Looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - IMF (lead), with World Bank, ECB, OECD, FSB, and BIS/Irving Fisher Committee on Central Bank Statistics (IFC). - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies - IMF, OECD, and UNSD (leads) with Eurostat. - Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - IMF and UNSD (leads), with Eurostat, World Bank, and OECD. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings - OECD (lead), with Eurostat, UNSD, World Bank and IMF. - Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth - OECD (lead), with ECB, Eurostat and UNSD. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - FSB (lead), with BIS/IFC and ECB. - Rec 11: Digital Money - IMF (lead), with BIS/IFC, ECB, and FSB (user perspective). - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - IMF and World Bank (joint leads), with BIS/IFC, and OECD. - Rec 13: Access to Private and Administrative Data - IMF (lead), with Eurostat and ECB in consultation with the G20 and participating economies. - Rec 14: Data Sharing - Eurostat and ECB (leads) with World Bank, and other IAG members. ### DGI-3 task teams: structure, mandate, and timeline - Task teams established to organize and implement the DGI-3 workplan; task teams comprise representatives from IAG designated lead agencies, G20 and participating economies and other key stakeholders. - By end-January 2023, the IAG extended a formal invitation to the G20 and participating economies to nominate their DGI-3 task team representatives. - The nomination process concluded in mid-March 2023 and details of the respective task teams were shared with the IAG and leading organizations to start planning meetings and thematic workshops. - Each task team has: - a chair and secretariat (members of the IAG designated lead agencies), - technical expert members from the G20 and participating economies. - The DGI Task Teams should be engaged for the period January 2023 – December 2027. - Task teams report to the DGI Secretariat and the IAG regarding progress on the implementation of the DGI-3 project plan through semiannual questionnaires, as well as during the DGI-3 Global Conferences. ### Task Team assignments (Recommendation → Task Team) - Rec 1: GHG Emission Accounts and National Carbon Footprints; Rec 2: Energy Accounts; Rec 3: Carbon Footprints of FDI - Task Team on GHG Emissions, Carbon Footprints and Energy Accounts. - Rec 4: Climate Finance (Green Debt and Equity Securities Financing) - Task Team on Climate Finance (led by the existing WGSD). - Rec 5: Forward Looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators - Task Team on Forward Looking Physical and Transition Risk Indicators. - Rec 6: Climate-Impacting Government Subsidies; Rec 7: Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures - Task Team on Climate Impacting Subsidies, Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Expenditures. - Rec 8: Distribution of Household Income, Consumption and Savings; Rec 9: Distribution of Household Wealth - Task Team on Household Incomes, Savings, Consumption and Wealth. - The OECD will be using the Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts framework (EG DNA) to coordinate the work of Recommendation 8 and has launched a new Expert Group on Distribution of Household Wealth (EG DHW) to coordinate the work of recommendation 9. - Rec 10: Fintech Credit - Task Team on Fintech Credit. The FSB is using the non-bank monitoring expert group (NMEG) to coordinate the work of recommendation 10. - Rec 11: Digital Money - Task Team on Digital Money. - Rec 12: Fintech-enabled Financial Inclusion - Task Team on Financial Inclusion. - Rec 13: Access to Private and Administrative Data - Task Team on Data Exchange. - Rec 14: Data Sharing - Task Team on Data Sharing. ### Objectives and activities of DGI-3 task teams - Execute the project plan for each DGI recommendation (or group of recommendations), including: - undertaking stocktaking exercises; - establishing methodological and data collection frameworks, questionnaires, report forms, and tools; - implementing guidance and facilitating the compilation of data required by the targets; - engaging with stakeholders to ensure complementarity, consistency and to avoid overlap in work programs. - Facilitate: - sharing of compilation methods across G20 and participating economies; - compilation of estimates; - review of results and coordination of dissemination of the resulting information. - Engage key stakeholders (including but not limited to: UNFCCC Secretariat, SEEA Technical Committee, ISWGNA, IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics (BOPCOM), Expert Group on Disparities in a National Accounts framework (EG DNA) (OECD), NGFS, WGSD, NMEG, and IPSASB). ### National coordination and peer learning - G20 country coordinators: - coordinate the DGI-3 implementation at the national level and serve as a DGI-3 focal point to the DGI Secretariat; - provide inputs to the DGI Secretariat on individual economies’ progress necessary for drafting the DGI-3 progress report; - participate in the DGI-3 Global Conferences and in workshops organized by the DGI-3 task teams, as needed; - oversee coordination of nomination and provision of regular updates of the DGI-3 task team members to the DGI Secretariat. - DGI Global Conferences serve as a platform for G20 country coordinators to meet and discuss with the IAG and international organizations progress on implementation, strategic issues, and exchanging country practices and peer learning experiences. *Source: Annex 5. The DGI-3 Governance Framework* --- _Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/news/seminars/dgi/documents/third-phase-of-the-g20-data-gaps-initiative-third-progress-report-2025.pdf_