## 4. The MEF in cooperation with the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) continued

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---

### Reconciling government deposits and other stock positions
- Main issue: numerous accounts with NBC, other depository corporations (ODC) and other financial corporations (OFC) are considered government deposits in monetary and financial statistics (MFS) but not in fiscal reports.
- Reconciliation requires concerted efforts of the MEF (GDP and GDNT) and NBC statistical and accounting/treasury departments to:
  - Review identities of account holders and clarify institutional classification to identify the amount of general government (GG) deposits available for fiscal policy implementation.
  - Investigate accounts’ holders and confirm institutional classification within general government sector.
  - Examine recording of GDNT cash transfers to local ministries’ (LMs’) accounts in commercial banks.
- Treatment of COVID-19-related financial support:
  - Provide economically meaningful statistical treatment of equity injections, loans, guarantees, and other financial support to banks (e.g., Agricultural and Rural Development Bank, SME Bank of Cambodia) and OFC (e.g., Credit Guarantee Corporation of Cambodia).
  - If absence of realistic expectations of return on equity injections or loan repayment by a financial institution, record a capital transfer (expense) rather than an increase in government’s financial assets.
- Recommended Action:
  - Reconcile GG financial balance sheet data between the MEF and the NBC (International Investment Position, MFS), explain the reasons for remaining discrepancies, including difference between the GDNT and Debt Management and Financial Analysis System (DMFAS) data for loans to GG provided by the banking system – priority recommendation.

### Tracking government expenditure on environmental protection
- Mission assisted MEF General Department of Policy (GDP) in compiling expenditure for the IMF Climate Change Dashboard (CCID).
- Coverage compiled:
  - BCG expense and acquisitions of nonfinancial assets (NFA) classified under GFS functional classification (COFOG) code 705 Environmental Protection and its subcodes for the period 2018–2020.
- Source and coverage issues:
  - Only two LMs reported Government Expenditures on Environmental Protection (COFOG 705): Ministry of Environment (MoE) and Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (MoWRAM).
  - FMIS contains current expense split by COFOG 705 subcodes; capital expenditure data based on TOFE implementation reports (no COFOG 705 subcode split) and limited externally financed capital project data.
  - Largest part of environmental protection expenditure falls under COFOG 7056 Environmental protection not elsewhere classified.
  - Need to reallocate from 7056 to more specific COFOG codes: 7051 Waste management, 7052 Waste water management, 7053 Pollution abatement, 7054 Protection of biodiversity and landscape.
  - Further reconciliation needed between MEF GDP COFOG 705 data and Cambodia Climate Public Expenditure Review (CPER) by MEF CPER team.
- Issue with NFA data:
  - Limited availability and detail of source data for net acquisition (acquisitions minus disposals) of NFA, which is part of government expenditure in GFS.
  - MEF developing a Guideline on Accounting for Non-current Assets; BCG, PAEs, and LGs supposed to use new Guidelines.
  - MEF building Public Investment Project Database Management System (PIP_DBMS) to accumulate public investment project data across implementing/executing agencies.
  - Finalizing and implementing Guideline on Accounting for Non-current Assets and building PIP_DBMS will enhance source data for GFS and PSDS.
- Recommended Actions:
  - Consider improving the coverage and classification of expenditure on environmental protection by cross-checking with the CPER Review database.
  - Compile Table 7 (Expenditure by Functions of Government) covering expense and net acquisitions of NFAs and report to the IMF as part of annual GFS submission.

### Strengthening consistency of fiscal balance / budget balance
- Context and definitions:
  - Budget execution reports, fiscal statistics, and government financial statements/accounts are three main fiscal report categories.
  - Fiscal reporting dimensions per IMF Fiscal Transparency Code (2014): (i) coverage; (ii) frequency and timeliness; (iii) quality; (iv) integrity of reported information.
  - Net lending/net borrowing (NLB) is the basic fiscal balance indicator from GFSM 2014; can be measured “above-the-line” (revenue minus expenditure, where expenditure = expense + net investment in NFA) or “below-the-line” (difference between transactions in financial assets and liabilities).
  - Overall fiscal balance reflects NLB after adjustments for transactions deemed for public policy purposes; privatization proceeds included as financial items; policy lending treated as expense rather than transaction in financial assets.
- Cambodia specifics:
  - Budget policy based on national framework – Budget Table 1 and the Tableau des operations financières de l’État (TOFE) – covering BCG and Provincial Level of LGs.
  - Budget balance (national framework) differs from fiscal balance (net lending/borrowing) in GFSM 2014-based Statement of Government Operations.
  - Main differences between TOFE and GFSM 2014-based GFS: treatment of capital revenue, grants, gains/losses on currency exchange, government lending, and loan repayment.
  - Annual GFSM 2014-based GFS coverage goes beyond budget coverage and includes all three levels of LGs and extrabudgetary units, giving a broader perspective of overall government financial performance.
  - Article IV consultations with Cambodia are based on GFSM 2014 format for General Government Operations.
- Transparency assessment:
  - 2021 national PEFA performance assessment: indicator PI-9 Public access to fiscal information scored D because public access in accordance with PEFA timeframes is available only for 2 basic elements (from 5) and 1 additional element (from 4). A higher score requires at least 4 basic elements, including publication of the annual draft budget law, availability of annual budget execution report within six months of fiscal year end, and publication of audit report on budget settlement law.
- Recommended Actions:
  - Update explanations on the advantages of using GFS in fiscal analysis and the TOFE/GFS derivation table (by adding transactions in financial assets) on the MEF website.
  - Prepare the first draft of technical guidelines on compiling and disseminating the GFSM 2014–based GFS and Quarterly PSDS.

### Action Plan to improve GFS/PSDS compilation and dissemination (selected items)
- Outcome: Data are compiled and disseminated using the coverage and scope of the latest manual/guide.
- Selected recommendations, responsible institutions, and indicative target dates:
  - December 2021: Conclude on the possibility of using cash-based IPSAS reports for 2017–2019 as source data for compiling GFS Statement II (Statement of Sources and Uses of Cash). — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Report the coordinated list of general government and public sector units to STA as part of annual GFS metadata. — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Complete annual GFS time series for 2018 with data for NSSF and other PAEs, report 2018 and updated 2019 GFS for general government to the IMF – priority recommendation. — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Discuss the draft MoU (including the ToR for the GFS Technical Working Group on Consistency in the System of Macroeconomic Statistical Accounts) with the NIS and the NBC, prepare and approve the final version. — GDP MEF, NBC, NIS
  - December 2021: Improve GFS for LGs to ensure an accurate split between Compensation of employees (GFS code 21), Use of goods and services (GFS code 22), and Acquisitions of nonfinancial assets (GFS code 31). — GDP, GDNT, GDSNAF, MEF
  - January 2022: Reconcile GG financial balance sheet data between the MEF and the NBC (IIP, MFS), explain the reasons for remaining discrepancies, including difference between the GDNT and DMFAS data for loans to GG provided by the banking system – priority recommendation. — GDP MEF, NBC
  - February 2022: Reconcile GG data on transactions between MEF and NBC (BOP), explain the reasons for remaining differences. — GDP MEF, NBC
  - February 2022: Publish the 2015–2018 consolidated balance sheet (Table 6) for budgetary central government and local governments as part of GFS on the MEF website and report it to the IMF. — GDP MEF

*Source: 1khmea2022001 - 4. The MEF in cooperation with the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) continued*

### 9. April 2022

### Planned compilation and reconciliation tasks (dates, actions, responsible institutions)
- Compile the 2019 consolidated balance sheet (Table 6) for budgetary central government and local governments.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: April 2019 entry under item 9 indicates task in April 2022 context.
- Reconcile GG data on transactions between MEF and NIS (Production account, Income Accounts, Saving) and explain the reasons for remaining differences.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF, NIS
  - Target date: May 2022
  - Outcome note: "Data are compiled and disseminated using the classification of the latest manual/guide"
- Use available financial reports of PAEs (in addition to their budget execution tables) as source data for 2020 annual GFS.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Review GFS Table 2 (Expense) for budgetary central government generated from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and FMIS Team, MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Review GFS Table 2 (Expense) for local governments generated from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and FMIS Team, MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Prepare the first draft of technical guidelines on compiling and disseminating the GFSM 2014–based GFS and Quarterly PSDS.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: January 2022
- Consider improving the coverage and classification of expenditure on environmental protection by cross-checking with the CPER Review database.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: February 2022
- Generate and review GFS Table 3 (Transactions in Assets and Liabilities) for budgetary central government from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP, GDICDM, and GDNT
  - Target date: March 2022
- Generate and review GFS Table 3 (Transactions in Assets and Liabilities) for local governments from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDNT, MEF
  - Target date: March 2022
- Compile Table 7 (Expenditure by Functions of Government) covering expense and net acquisitions of NFAs and report to the IMF as part of annual GFS submission.
  - Responsible: GDP, MEF
  - Target date: June 2022

### Higher-frequency dissemination and PSDS reporting tasks
- Update explanations on the advantages of using GFS in fiscal analysis and the TOFE/GFS derivation table (by adding transactions in financial assets) on the MEF website.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Report to the Joint World Bank–IMF PSDS database on a quarterly basis.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDICDM, MEF
  - Target date: April 2022
- Improve data coverage of quarterly PSDS to include accounts payable and report to the Joint World Bank–IMF PSDS database.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDICDM, MEF
  - Target date: April 2022
- Review available source data for SOEs and conclude on the possibility of compiling GFS on public sector.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDSPNTR, MEF
  - Target date: May 2022

### Environmental protection expenditure (COFOG) for Budgetary Central Government, in Mln KHR / Fiscal year ends December 31 (2018–2020)
- 705 Environmental Protection (Aggregate)
  - 2018: 136 116,1
  - 2019: 130 530,4
  - 2020: 124 944,8
- 7051 Waste management
  - 2018: 22,2
  - 2019: 26,5
  - 2020: 30,9
- 7052 Waste water management
  - 2018: 388,3
  - 2019: 203,7
  - 2020: 19,1
- 7053 Pollution abatement
  - 2018: 134,2
  - 2019: 98,8
  - 2020: 63,4
- 7054 Protection of biodiversity and landscape
  - 2018: 17 107,3
  - 2019: 23 573,9
  - 2020: 30 040,5
- 7055 R & D Environmental protection
  - 2018: 3 536,3
  - 2019: 2 485,0
  - 2020: 1 433,6
- 7056 Environmental protection not elsewhere classified
  - 2018: 114 927,7
  - 2019: 104 142,5
  - 2020: 93 357,3

### GFSM 2014–based budget presentation (proposed aggregates and balancing items — headings preserved)
- Aggregates/Balancing Items (Billion RKH)
  - 1. Revenue
    - Taxes
    - Social contributions
    - Grants
    - Other revenue
  - 2. Expenditure
    - Compensation of employees
    - Use of goods and services
    - Interest
    - Grants
    - Social benefits
    - Other current expense
    - Investment in nonfinancial assets *
  - 3. Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) (1-2)
  - 4. Net Financing operations (4.1-4.2 = 3)
    - 4.1. Net acquisition of financial assets
      - Domestic debtors
      - External debtors
    - 4.2. Net incurrence of liabilities
      - Domestic debtors
      - External debtors
  - Note: "* Acquisition less disposal of non-financial assets"
- Columns indicated: FY 2021, FY 2022, Changes from FY 2021 (Amount, %)

### First draft structure: Detailed GFS/PSDS Guidelines for Cambodia (headings)
- 1. Introduction
  - A. General Overview of GFS/PSDS
  - B. Advantages of using GFS/PSDS Framework
  - C. Main Users of GFS/PSDS
  - D. Purpose of the GFS/PSDS Guidelines
- 2. Institutional Arrangements for GFS/PSDS
  - A. Legal Framework for GFS/PSDS Compilation and Dissemination
  - B. Responsibilities of MEF General Departments
  - C. Inter-agency Working Group
- 3. Standard Reporting Requirements for GFS/PSDS
  - A. Institutional Coverage
  - B. Standard Quarterly Reports
  - C. Standard Annual Reports
- 4. General Government and Public Sector in Cambodia
  - A. General Government Sector and its Sub-sectors
  - B. Public Sector and its Sub-sectors
- 5. Data Sources for GFS/PSDS
  - A. TOFE
  - B. Trial Balances
  - C. Budget Execution Tables (PAEs)
  - D. Financial Reports (PAEs and SOEs)
  - E. PIM Database
  - F. FMIS and DMFAS
- 6. Compilation Instruments
  - A. Classification Assistant
  - B. Bridge Tables
  - C. GFS Tables Generated from FMIS and DMFAS
- 7. Practical Issues for Consolidation
  - A. General Rules for Consolidation
  - B. Consolidation at the Central Government Level
  - C. Consolidation at the Local Government Level
- 8. Monthly Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 9. Quarterly Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 10. Annual Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 11. Relationship to Other Fiscal Data
  - A. Budget Law
  - B. TOFE
  - C. Cash IPSAS
  - D. Debt Bulletin
  - C. IMF Article IV Fiscal Table
- 12. Relationship to Other Macroeconomic Datasets
  - A. Monetary and Financial Statistics
  - B. Balance of Payments and IIP
  - C. National Accounts

### Officials met (names and positions)
- H.E. Cheang Vanarith — Director General, GDP
- Dr. Chhau Somethea — Deputy Director General of the GDP
- Sok Khorn — Director, Statistics and Economic Analysis Department, GDP
- Yorn Sambath — Deputy Director, Statistics and Economic Analysis Department, GDP, MEF
- Khut Chankanika — Young Economist Professional, GDP, MEF
- Prak Tha Achharawadei — Young Economist Professional, GDP, MEF

*Source: 1khmea2022001 - 9. April 2022*

### 4. The MEF in cooperation with the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) continued

### 4. The MEF in cooperation with the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) continued

### Reconciling government deposits and other stock positions
- Main issue: numerous accounts with NBC, other depository corporations (ODC) and other financial corporations (OFC) are considered government deposits in monetary and financial statistics (MFS) but not in fiscal reports.  
- Reconciliation requires concerted efforts of the MEF (GDP and GDNT) and NBC statistical and accounting/treasury departments to:
  - Review identities of account holders and clarify institutional classification to identify the amount of general government (GG) deposits available for fiscal policy implementation.
  - Investigate accounts’ holders and confirm institutional classification within general government sector.
  - Examine recording of GDNT cash transfers to local ministries’ (LMs’) accounts in commercial banks.
- Treatment of COVID-19-related financial support:
  - Provide economically meaningful statistical treatment of equity injections, loans, guarantees, and other financial support to banks (e.g., Agricultural and Rural Development Bank, SME Bank of Cambodia) and OFC (e.g., Credit Guarantee Corporation of Cambodia).
  - If absence of realistic expectations of return on equity injections or loan repayment by a financial institution, record a capital transfer (expense) rather than an increase in government’s financial assets.
- Recommended Action:
  - Reconcile GG financial balance sheet data between the MEF and the NBC (International Investment Position, MFS), explain the reasons for remaining discrepancies, including difference between the GDNT and Debt Management and Financial Analysis System (DMFAS) data for loans to GG provided by the banking system – priority recommendation.

### Tracking government expenditure on environmental protection
- Mission assisted MEF General Department of Policy (GDP) in compiling expenditure for the IMF Climate Change Dashboard (CCID).
- Coverage compiled:
  - BCG expense and acquisitions of nonfinancial assets (NFA) classified under GFS functional classification (COFOG) code 705 Environmental Protection and its subcodes for the period 2018–2020.
- Source and coverage issues:
  - Only two LMs reported Government Expenditures on Environmental Protection (COFOG 705): Ministry of Environment (MoE) and Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (MoWRAM).
  - FMIS contains current expense split by COFOG 705 subcodes; capital expenditure data based on TOFE implementation reports (no COFOG 705 subcode split) and limited externally financed capital project data.
  - Largest part of environmental protection expenditure falls under COFOG 7056 Environmental protection not elsewhere classified.
  - Need to reallocate from 7056 to more specific COFOG codes: 7051 Waste management, 7052 Waste water management, 7053 Pollution abatement, 7054 Protection of biodiversity and landscape.
  - Further reconciliation needed between MEF GDP COFOG 705 data and Cambodia Climate Public Expenditure Review (CPER) by MEF CPER team.
- Issue with NFA data:
  - Limited availability and detail of source data for net acquisition (acquisitions minus disposals) of NFA, which is part of government expenditure in GFS.
  - MEF developing a Guideline on Accounting for Non-current Assets; BCG, PAEs, and LGs supposed to use new Guidelines.
  - MEF building Public Investment Project Database Management System (PIP_DBMS) to accumulate public investment project data across implementing/executing agencies.
  - Finalizing and implementing Guideline on Accounting for Non-current Assets and building PIP_DBMS will enhance source data for GFS and PSDS.
- Recommended Actions:
  - Consider improving the coverage and classification of expenditure on environmental protection by cross-checking with the CPER Review database.
  - Compile Table 7 (Expenditure by Functions of Government) covering expense and net acquisitions of NFAs and report to the IMF as part of annual GFS submission.

### Strengthening consistency of fiscal balance / budget balance
- Context and definitions:
  - Budget execution reports, fiscal statistics, and government financial statements/accounts are three main fiscal report categories.
  - Fiscal reporting dimensions per IMF Fiscal Transparency Code (2014): (i) coverage; (ii) frequency and timeliness; (iii) quality; (iv) integrity of reported information.
  - Net lending/net borrowing (NLB) is the basic fiscal balance indicator from GFSM 2014; can be measured “above-the-line” (revenue minus expenditure, where expenditure = expense + net investment in NFA) or “below-the-line” (difference between transactions in financial assets and liabilities).
  - Overall fiscal balance reflects NLB after adjustments for transactions deemed for public policy purposes; privatization proceeds included as financial items; policy lending treated as expense rather than transaction in financial assets.
- Cambodia specifics:
  - Budget policy based on national framework – Budget Table 1 and the Tableau des operations financières de l’État (TOFE) – covering BCG and Provincial Level of LGs.
  - Budget balance (national framework) differs from fiscal balance (net lending/borrowing) in GFSM 2014-based Statement of Government Operations.
  - Main differences between TOFE and GFSM 2014-based GFS: treatment of capital revenue, grants, gains/losses on currency exchange, government lending, and loan repayment.
  - Annual GFSM 2014-based GFS coverage goes beyond budget coverage and includes all three levels of LGs and extrabudgetary units, giving a broader perspective of overall government financial performance.
  - Article IV consultations with Cambodia are based on GFSM 2014 format for General Government Operations.
- Transparency assessment:
  - 2021 national PEFA performance assessment: indicator PI-9 Public access to fiscal information scored D because public access in accordance with PEFA timeframes is available only for 2 basic elements (from 5) and 1 additional element (from 4). A higher score requires at least 4 basic elements, including publication of the annual draft budget law, availability of annual budget execution report within six months of fiscal year end, and publication of audit report on budget settlement law.
- Recommended Actions:
  - Update explanations on the advantages of using GFS in fiscal analysis and the TOFE/GFS derivation table (by adding transactions in financial assets) on the MEF website.
  - Prepare the first draft of technical guidelines on compiling and disseminating the GFSM 2014–based GFS and Quarterly PSDS.

### Action Plan to improve GFS/PSDS compilation and dissemination (selected items)
- Outcome: Data are compiled and disseminated using the coverage and scope of the latest manual/guide.
- Selected recommendations, responsible institutions, and indicative target dates:
  - December 2021: Conclude on the possibility of using cash-based IPSAS reports for 2017–2019 as source data for compiling GFS Statement II (Statement of Sources and Uses of Cash). — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Report the coordinated list of general government and public sector units to STA as part of annual GFS metadata. — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Complete annual GFS time series for 2018 with data for NSSF and other PAEs, report 2018 and updated 2019 GFS for general government to the IMF – priority recommendation. — GDP MEF
  - December 2021: Discuss the draft MoU (including the ToR for the GFS Technical Working Group on Consistency in the System of Macroeconomic Statistical Accounts) with the NIS and the NBC, prepare and approve the final version. — GDP MEF, NBC, NIS
  - December 2021: Improve GFS for LGs to ensure an accurate split between Compensation of employees (GFS code 21), Use of goods and services (GFS code 22), and Acquisitions of nonfinancial assets (GFS code 31). — GDP, GDNT, GDSNAF, MEF
  - January 2022: Reconcile GG financial balance sheet data between the MEF and the NBC (IIP, MFS), explain the reasons for remaining discrepancies, including difference between the GDNT and DMFAS data for loans to GG provided by the banking system – priority recommendation. — GDP MEF, NBC
  - February 2022: Reconcile GG data on transactions between MEF and NBC (BOP), explain the reasons for remaining differences. — GDP MEF, NBC
  - February 2022: Publish the 2015–2018 consolidated balance sheet (Table 6) for budgetary central government and local governments as part of GFS on the MEF website and report it to the IMF. — GDP MEF

*Source: 1khmea2022001 - 4. The MEF in cooperation with the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) continued*

### 9.  April 2022

### 9.  April 2022

### Planned compilation and reconciliation tasks (dates, actions, responsible institutions)
- Compile the 2019 consolidated balance sheet (Table 6) for budgetary central government and local governments.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: April 2019 entry under item 9 indicates task in April 2022 context.
- Reconcile GG data on transactions between MEF and NIS (Production account, Income Accounts, Saving) and explain the reasons for remaining differences.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF, NIS
  - Target date: May 2022
  - Outcome note: "Data are compiled and disseminated using the classification of the latest manual/guide"
- Use available financial reports of PAEs (in addition to their budget execution tables) as source data for 2020 annual GFS.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Review GFS Table 2 (Expense) for budgetary central government generated from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and FMIS Team, MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Review GFS Table 2 (Expense) for local governments generated from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and FMIS Team, MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Prepare the first draft of technical guidelines on compiling and disseminating the GFSM 2014–based GFS and Quarterly PSDS.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: January 2022
- Consider improving the coverage and classification of expenditure on environmental protection by cross-checking with the CPER Review database.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: February 2022
- Generate and review GFS Table 3 (Transactions in Assets and Liabilities) for budgetary central government from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP, GDICDM, and GDNT
  - Target date: March 2022
- Generate and review GFS Table 3 (Transactions in Assets and Liabilities) for local governments from FMIS, make necessary corrections of mapping CoA to GFS in FMIS.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDNT, MEF
  - Target date: March 2022
- Compile Table 7 (Expenditure by Functions of Government) covering expense and net acquisitions of NFAs and report to the IMF as part of annual GFS submission.
  - Responsible: GDP, MEF
  - Target date: June 2022

### Higher-frequency dissemination and PSDS reporting tasks
- Update explanations on the advantages of using GFS in fiscal analysis and the TOFE/GFS derivation table (by adding transactions in financial assets) on the MEF website.
  - Responsible: GDP MEF
  - Target date: December 2021
- Report to the Joint World Bank–IMF PSDS database on a quarterly basis.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDICDM, MEF
  - Target date: April 2022
- Improve data coverage of quarterly PSDS to include accounts payable and report to the Joint World Bank–IMF PSDS database.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDICDM, MEF
  - Target date: April 2022
- Review available source data for SOEs and conclude on the possibility of compiling GFS on public sector.
  - Responsible: GDP and GDSPNTR, MEF
  - Target date: May 2022

### Environmental protection expenditure (COFOG) for Budgetary Central Government, in Mln KHR / Fiscal year ends December 31 (2018–2020)
- Aggregate line: 705 Environmental Protection
  - 2018: 136 116,1
  - 2019: 130 530,4
  - 2020: 124 944,8
- 7051 Waste management
  - 2018: 22,2
  - 2019: 26,5
  - 2020: 30,9
- 7052 Waste water management
  - 2018: 388,3
  - 2019: 203,7
  - 2020: 19,1
- 7053 Pollution abatement
  - 2018: 134,2
  - 2019: 98,8
  - 2020: 63,4
- 7054 Protection of biodiversity and landscape
  - 2018: 17 107,3
  - 2019: 23 573,9
  - 2020: 30 040,5
- 7055 R & D Environmental protection
  - 2018: 3 536,3
  - 2019: 2 485,0
  - 2020: 1 433,6
- 7056 Environmental protection not elsewhere classified
  - 2018: 114 927,7
  - 2019: 104 142,5
  - 2020: 93 357,3

### GFSM 2014–based budget presentation (proposed aggregates and balancing items — headings preserved)
- Aggregates/Balancing Items (Billion RKH)
  - 1. Revenue
    - Taxes
    - Social contributions
    - Grants
    - Other revenue
  - 2. Expenditure
    - Compensation of employees
    - Use of goods and services
    - Interest
    - Grants
    - Social benefits
    - Other current expense
    - Investment in nonfinancial assets *
  - 3. Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) (1-2)
  - 4. Net Financing operations (4.1-4.2 = 3)
    - 4.1. Net acquisition of financial assets
      - Domestic debtors
      - External debtors
    - 4.2. Net incurrence of liabilities
      - Domestic debtors
      - External debtors
  - Note: "* Acquisition less disposal of non-financial assets"
- Columns indicated: FY 2021, FY 2022, Changes from FY 2021 (Amount, %)

### First draft structure: Detailed GFS/PSDS Guidelines for Cambodia (headings)
- 1. Introduction
  - A. General Overview of GFS/PSDS
  - B. Advantages of using GFS/PSDS Framework
  - C. Main Users of GFS/PSDS
  - D. Purpose of the GFS/PSDS Guidelines
- 2. Institutional Arrangements for GFS/PSDS
  - A. Legal Framework for GFS/PSDS Compilation and Dissemination
  - B. Responsibilities of MEF General Departments
  - C. Inter-agency Working Group
- 3. Standard Reporting Requirements for GFS/PSDS
  - A. Institutional Coverage
  - B. Standard Quarterly Reports
  - C. Standard Annual Reports
- 4. General Government and Public Sector in Cambodia
  - A. General Government Sector and its Sub-sectors
  - B. Public Sector and its Sub-sectors
- 5. Data Sources for GFS/PSDS
  - A. TOFE
  - B. Trial Balances
  - C. Budget Execution Tables (PAEs)
  - D. Financial Reports (PAEs and SOEs)
  - E. PIM Database
  - F. FMIS and DMFAS
- 6. Compilation Instruments
  - A. Classification Assistant
  - B. Bridge Tables
  - C. GFS Tables Generated from FMIS and DMFAS
- 7. Practical Issues for Consolidation
  - A. General Rules for Consolidation
  - B. Consolidation at the Central Government Level
  - C. Consolidation at the Local Government Level
- 8. Monthly Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 9. Quarterly Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 10. Annual Reporting
  - A. Institutional and Data Coverage
  - B. Reporting Format
  - C. Dissemination
- 11. Relationship to Other Fiscal Data
  - A. Budget Law
  - B. TOFE
  - C. Cash IPSAS
  - D. Debt Bulletin
  - C. IMF Article IV Fiscal Table
- 12. Relationship to Other Macroeconomic Datasets
  - A. Monetary and Financial Statistics
  - B. Balance of Payments and IIP
  - C. National Accounts

### Officials met (names and positions)
- H.E. Cheang Vanarith — Director General, GDP
- Dr. Chhau Somethea — Deputy Director General of the GDP
- Sok Khorn — Director, Statistics and Economic Analysis Department, GDP
- Yorn Sambath — Deputy Director, Statistics and Economic Analysis Department, GDP, MEF
- Khut Chankanika — Young Economist Professional, GDP, MEF
- Prak Tha Achharawadei — Young Economist Professional, GDP, MEF

*Source: 1khmea2022001 - 9.  April 2022*

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_Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/cr/2022/english/1khmea2022001.pdf_