## Dataset overview — fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1

## Source details

**Canonical URL:** [Dataset overview — fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1](https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/april/data/fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1.xlsx)

## Other formats

- [Markdown version](/-/media/files/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/april/data/fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1.xlsx.md)
- [Structured JSON version](/-/media/files/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/april/data/fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1.xlsx.json)

---

### Coverage and structure
- Worksheets sample: "FM Database Apr. 2021", "Table of Contents", "Table 1.1.", "Table 1.2.", figures and annexes (Figure 1.1. through Annex Figure 1.4.).  
- Time span in samples: historical years and projections covering 2016 through 2026 in several tables and figures (columns explicitly include 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026).

### Key fiscal-balance projections (Table 1.1. — General Government Fiscal Balance, 2016–26: Overall Balance; percent of GDP)
- World:
  - 2016: -3.462572912188959
  - 2017: -3.058405416764664
  - 2018: -3.001661977953722
  - 2019: -3.645975266658522
  - 2020: -10.819583672457307
  - 2021: -9.203058438887485
  - 2022: -5.355312185386874
  - 2023: -4.357443857760365
  - 2024: -4.04718888978024
  - 2025: -3.904283416209781
  - 2026: -3.699681619216099
- Advanced Economies:
  - 2016: -2.656969549710159
  - 2017: -2.384994967400957
  - 2018: -2.508758844510558
  - 2019: -2.9364561325525
  - 2020: -11.680745255824911
  - 2021: -10.35955647869208
  - 2022: -4.555313909704949
  - 2023: -3.2333779254870754
  - 2024: -2.980512663572717
  - 2025: -2.9993673461754122
  - 2026: -2.8398330308086925
- Advanced G-20:
  - 2016: -3.1097477811504213
  - 2017: -2.9819488099040767
  - 2018: -3.124212966983683
  - 2019: -3.5896646056226587
  - 2020: -12.660703270684998
  - 2021: -11.512627977851723
  - 2022: -4.980216352642851
  - 2023: -3.546101744641186
  - 2024: -3.3383477368163503
  - 2025: -3.4180861202962403
  - 2026: -3.2405655767520156
- Canada (selected country example):
  - 2016: -0.45316422574776544
  - 2017: -0.11244295517090443
  - 2018: 0.2756852016522288
  - 2019: 0.5389680756407549
  - 2020: -10.662998891591476
  - 2021: -7.761684220582824
  - 2022: -3.9026332949149642
  - 2023: -1.2596999873677688
  - 2024: -0.2000316176448515
  - 2025: 0.06742125950881193
  - 2026: 0.17432273027405878

### Key debt projections (Table 1.2. — General Government Debt, 2016–26; percent of GDP)
- Gross Debt — World:
  - 2016: 83.17078829034902
  - 2017: 81.99432512121734
  - 2018: 82.26222651111881
  - 2019: 83.6693271587951
  - 2020: 97.33648677249634
  - 2021: 98.9146455282237
  - 2022: 99.0160568948313
  - 2023: 99.38770226002156
  - 2024: 99.46989854480753
  - 2025: 99.4843096642409
  - 2026: 99.32260056307408
- Gross Debt — Advanced Economies:
  - 2016: 105.48904416570015
  - 2017: 103.11650923663974
  - 2018: 102.52356155196811
  - 2019: 103.77994357335672
  - 2020: 120.12244739088395
  - 2021: 122.51421669770126
  - 2022: 121.64942733740256
  - 2023: 121.75012693825029
  - 2024: 121.51549927197951
  - 2025: 121.37046640212785
  - 2026: 121.09740978936529

### Projections comparison highlights (Figure 1.2. — weighted averages by GDP in USD)
- Advanced Economies (selected series):
  - Current projection: Overall balance (2019–2026): 2019: -2.9365911075899738; 2020: -11.680919518163583; 2021: -10.36104898037912; 2022: -4.556323637013149; 2023: -3.234291538457774; 2024: -2.9812980423748283; 2025: -3.000306444771836; 2026: -2.840921395149649
  - Current projection: Gross debt (2019–2026): 2019: 103.79518703712829; 2020: 120.13910351311436; 2021: 122.52968774205762; 2022: 121.66486939778648; 2023: 121.76552040700139; 2024: 121.5312566716319; 2025: 121.38597879409113; 2026: 121.11264719007336
  - Pre-pandemic projection: Overall balance (2019–2025): 2019: -2.9359183642156874; 2020: -2.9720843977600575; 2021: -2.898319778119327; 2022: -2.855209222449874; 2023: -2.694614704150329; 2024: -2.560535470904531; 2025: -2.731536669524373
  - Pre-pandemic projection: Gross debt (2019–2025): 2019: 103.03601768778589; 2020: 103.63814281022391; 2021: 104.05128775621917; 2022: 104.43334512357768; 2023: 104.59289236241348; 2024: 104.53756945137285; 2025: 108.8117953692412
- Emerging Economies (selected series):
  - Current projection: Overall balance (2019–2026): 2019: -4.739476551608743; 2020: -9.82748730987844; 2021: -7.703855329441993; 2022: -6.7117206170879316; 2023: -6.150464575363664; 2024: -5.683963078711189; 2025: -5.26054484550187; 2026: -4.936829270636834
  - Current projection: Gross debt (2019–2026): 2019: 54.74028679616885; 2020: 64.35223471636932; 2021: 64.2064751441962; 2022: 66.56968088053732; 2023: 68.63249662648094; 2024: 70.42560252764034; 2025: 71.88044061932443; 2026: 73.03629149775864
  - Pre-pandemic projection: Overall balance (2019–2025): 2019: -4.7914651802838355; 2020: -5.030458461669774; 2021: -4.945339116928024; 2022: -4.905707468652148; 2023: -4.806203063806444; 2024: -4.732913886632454; 2025: -4.759957558287576

### Drivers of debt changes and fiscal dynamics (selected figures and decomposition)
- Figure 1.5 — Change in debt/GDP and contributions (selected rows; percent of GDP):
  - Advanced economies, 2019–20 (period "2019–20"): Change in debt/GDP: 18.190095049941224; Stock-flow residual: -0.24372647323025717; Interest rate contribution: 1.1324243039081832; Traditional growth contribution: 7.161982052596641; Additional growth contribution: 2.6221218370265267; Implied policy measures: 7.467487047601375
  - Advanced economies, 2020–21 (period "2020–21"): Change in debt/GDP: 2.3877251079942576; Stock-flow residual: -0.05780854079190915; Interest rate contribution: 0.03692333277418657; Traditional growth contribution: -3.6297290699277944; Additional growth contribution: 1.5799850592900861; Implied policy measures: 4.39516214122061
  - Emerging market economies, 2019–20: Change in debt/GDP: 7.521847496774775; Stock-flow residual: -1.0116330112724963; Interest rate contribution: -0.493984168609832; Traditional growth contribution: 3.669957537759598; Additional growth contribution: 1.8042308763948292; Implied policy measures: 3.553011741733013
  - Emerging market economies, 2020–21: Change in debt/GDP: -0.10562754258063407; Stock-flow residual: -2.275501381211476; Interest rate contribution: -0.17398253291381513; Traditional growth contribution: -1.3168436052227714; Additional growth contribution: 1.24121100077888; Implied policy measures: 2.426025887891342

### Selected country-level fiscal stock and flows (Figure 1.4. — maturing debt and 2020 GFN without COVID-19; percent of GDP)
- Japan (JPN):
  - Maturing debt: 51.691349044723474
  - Budget deficit: 9.372255247302572
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 39.47705136425537
- United States (USA):
  - Maturing debt: 34.56898495326748
  - Budget deficit: 15.031974996180574
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 26.60051708524611
- Italy (ITA):
  - Maturing debt: 17.204791900671346
  - Budget deficit: 8.76778123771875
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 22.339699210100214
- Spain (ESP):
  - Maturing debt: 13.887723772659413
  - Budget deficit: 9.033865570769448
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 15.722093914906466
- Canada (CAN):
  - Maturing debt: 15.065565820694536
  - Budget deficit: 7.761684220582824
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 10.104160294424895
- France (FRA):
  - Maturing debt: 12.040919963859917
  - Budget deficit: 7.1599243548421985
  - 2020 GFN (without COVID-19): 12.023095554029373

### Fiscal support composition and adequacy indicators (selected figures)
- Figure 1.7 — Additional spending and forgone revenue; loans, equity, and guarantees (selected entries, percent of GDP or aggregate indices as reported):
  - G20 AEs — Total additional spending and forgone revenue: 62.66102151518902; Health care: 8.45809648646558; Households: 20.044748842729426; SMEs: 3.649982881857178; Loans/equity guarantees total: 35.61815247466236; SMEs in guarantees: 6.792324539986918
  - G20 EMMIEs — Total additional spending and forgone revenue: 64.97756952076261; Households: 8.195634287499471; SMEs: 1.2139496223193529; Loans/equity guarantees total: 31.46218452570746; SMEs in guarantees: 6.039987234720342
  - Country examples (percent of GDP): Mexico — Additional spending: 0.6530570295317611; Loans/equity: 1.1949646176134145. Turkey — Additional spending: 1.8793831456217234; Loans/equity: 9.367178653019664.

### Fiscal policy scenario outputs and macro fiscal impacts (selected model outputs)
- Figure 1.15 and Annex Figure 1.3 (baseline vs. benchmark package, multi-year horizons; selected values):
  - Year 1, Baseline vs Benchmark package:
    - Output: Baseline: -4.468903630407416; Benchmark package: -1.248128850677071
    - Consumption, lower-income group: Baseline: -5.757746685196543; Benchmark package: 2.53103212502954
    - Public investment: Baseline: 3.8424545844888702; Benchmark package: 4.305857224081432
    - Transfers, lower-income group: Baseline: 0.8433176640693993; Benchmark package: 1.0424999999999998
    - Public debt (baseline): 98.81536628154194; Public debt (benchmark): 98.38120558068915
  - Annex Figure 1.2 — Benchmark package horizon impacts (selected maturities):
    - 2-year: 1.139036691285714
    - 5-year: 1.4134318997412272
    - 15-year: 1.9167643057869788

### Labor-market and demand indicators (selected snapshots)
- Figure 1.9 — Above-the-line measures and unemployment rate revision (selected rows):
  - Example pairs: 4.9481564 and 1.14; 6.8221642 and 3.5293554; 5.8724439 and 0.94238412; 0.75503485 and 1.0183565; 5.2977246 and 7.7169781.

### Additional content types present in workbook
- Time-series for long historical spans (e.g., Figure 1.3. includes data from 1880 through 2020 for "Advanced Economies" series and related indicators such as "Advanced Economies Long-Term Interest Rate"). Sample values include long-term interest rates and debt-to-GDP ratios across years (selected sample: 1950–2020 debt-to-GDP and interest-rate series present).
- Country classifications and fiscal-space assessments (Figure 1.6. contains country-level primary expenditure and revenue series, fiscal-space categories "Substantial", "Some", "At risk or none", and country codes).
- Rule changes and fiscal-rule instrument indicators (Box Figure 1.3.1. includes country-level entries such as "Revision to deficit target", "Use of escape clause", "Cyclical relaxation", "Temporary rule suspension" with sample numeric entries: CHL: 0.2 (revision to deficit target) and 4.1 (cyclical relaxation); BRA: 8.1 under "Use of escape clause"; MEX: 2.1 under "Revision to deficit target"; PAN: 6.25 under "Use of escape clause"; PRY: 5 under "Temporary rule suspension").

*Data and values excerpted from fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1 (workbook sample rows and tables).*

---


_Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/fiscal-monitor/2021/april/data/fiscalmonitordatabase-april2021-chapter-1.xlsx_