## statapp - Section 1 ## Source details **Canonical URL:** [statapp - Section 1](https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/reo/afr/2019/april/english/statapp.pdf) ## Other formats - [Markdown version](/-/media/files/publications/reo/afr/2019/april/english/statapp.pdf.md) - [Structured JSON version](/-/media/files/publications/reo/afr/2019/april/english/statapp.pdf.json) --- ### Data and Projections Coverage and Vintage - Data and projections presented are IMF staff estimates as of March 30, 2019, consistent with the projections underlying the April 2019 World Economic Outlook. - The data and projections cover 45 sub-Saharan African countries in the IMF’s African Department. - Data definitions follow established international statistical methodologies to the extent possible; in some cases, data limitations limit comparability across countries. - Additional historical and forecast tables for key macroeconomic variables are posted online in the Background Paper and Expanded Statistical Appendix (backgroundpapers.ashx?la=en). ### Country Groupings and Classification Criteria - Countries are aggregated into three non-overlapping groups: - Oil exporters: countries where net oil exports make up 30 percent or more of total exports. - Other resource-intensive countries: countries where nonrenewable natural resources represent 25 percent or more of total exports. - Non-resource-intensive countries: countries not classified as oil exporters or other resource-intensive countries. - Countries are also aggregated into four overlapping groups: - Oil exporters - Middle-income countries - Low-income countries - Countries in fragile situations - Income and fragility membership criteria: - Middle-income countries: per capita gross national income (average 2015–17) of more than US$995.00 (World Bank, Atlas method). - Low-income countries: average per capita gross national income in 2015–17 equal to or lower than US$995.00 (World Bank, Atlas method). - Countries in fragile situations: average CPIA scores of 3.2 or less in 2015–17 and/or presence of a peace-keeping or peace-building mission within the last three years. - Regional cooperation memberships shown (listed on page 56 of source): CFA franc zone (WAEMU and CEMAC), COMESA, EAC-5 (includes Rwanda and Burundi for aggregates), ECOWAS, SADC, SACU. ### Methods of Aggregation - Tables SA1 and SA3: - Country group composites for real GDP growth and broad money are arithmetic averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP valued at purchasing power parity as a share of total group GDP. - PPP weights source: World Economic Outlook (WEO) database. - Table SA1: - Country group composites for consumer prices are geometric averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP at purchasing power parity as a share of total group GDP. - PPP weights source: WEO database. - Tables SA2–SA4: - Country group composites, except for broad money, are arithmetic averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP in US dollars at market exchange rates as a share of total group GDP. ### Footnotes and Special Data Notes - Zimbabwe: In February, 2019, Zimbabwe adopted a new local currency unit, the RTGS dollar, which has become the official unit of account. Efforts are underway to revise and update all national accounts series to the new RTGS dollar. Current data are based on IMF staff estimates of price and exchange rate developments in US (and RTGS) dollars. Staff estimates of US dollar values may differ from authorities’ estimates. - Notes: “...” denotes data not available. - Fiscal year data are flagged where applicable in tables. ### Selected Table Extracts and Key Statistics (exact text and numeric values preserved) - Sub-Saharan Africa line as shown in Table SA1 (Real GDP Growth and Consumer Prices): Sub-Saharan Africa5.11.42.93.03.53.77.711.211.08.58.17.4 - Median line (Table SA1): Median5.0 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.3 4.74.9 5.5 5.3 3.9 4.2 5.0 - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa (Table SA1): Excludin g Nigeria and South Africa5.8 3.4 4.7 4.5 5.0 5.17.3 10.6 10.3 8.0 7.4 6.0 - Oil-exporting countries (Table SA1): Oil-exporting countries5.3–1.80.51.42.22.79.417.517.112.211.110.3 Excluding Nigeria4.1 –2.2 –0.3 0.0 2.3 3.26.9 22.4 18.6 12.4 9.6 6.7 - Oil-importing countries (Table SA1): Oil-importing countries4.93.54.64.14.34.36.67.07.26.26.35.7 - Middle-income countries (Table SA1): Middle-income countries4.70.42.02.22.93.17.711.611.08.28.17.9 - Low-income countries (Table SA1): Low-income countries6.54.45.95.75.35.68.010.011.09.28.16.0 - Countries in fragile situations (Table SA1): Countries in fragile situations5.52.33.94.44.65.15.513.413.510.410.15.4 - Selected country-level excerpt (Table SA1 example rows preserved exactly as printed): Angola4.6 –2.6 –0.2 –1.7 0.4 2.9 10.6 30.7 29.8 19.6 17.5 11.1 Ethiopia1 10.2 8.0 10.1 7.7 7.7 7.5 15.1 6.6 10.7 13.8 9.3 8.0 Nigeria5.8 –1.6 0.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 10.4 15.7 16.5 12.1 11.7 11.7 South Sudan–5.1 –16.7 –5.5 –1.2 8.8 5.2 24.9 379.8 187.9 83.5 24.5 16.9 - Selected Table SA2 excerpt headings preserved exactly: Government Deb tOverall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants Table SA2. --- ### Overall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants and Government Debt ### Regional and Group-Level Statistics - Sub-Saharan Africa government debt: 35.8 (2010–15), 37.3 (2016), 36.6 (2017), 36.5 (2018), 36.8 (2019), 37.2 (2020) - Sub-Saharan Africa overall fiscal balance: –2.5 (2010–15), –3.7 (2016), –2.1 (2017), –2.6 (2018), –3.7 (2019), –3.7 (2020) - Median government debt: 26.8 (2010–15), 28.9 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 28.9 (2018), 28.9 (2019), 29.5 (2020) - Median overall fiscal balance: –7.2 (2010–15), –5.5 (2016), –5.8 (2017), –6.2 (2018), –6.0 (2019), –5.2 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa government debt: 28.7 (2010–15), 30.5 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 29.3 (2018), 29.8 (2019), 30.3 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa overall fiscal balance: –4.4 (2010–15), –6.4 (2016), –4.3 (2017), –4.4 (2018), –5.5 (2019), –5.5 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries government debt: 22.5 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 25.3 (2017), 25.4 (2018), 26.2 (2019), 26.9 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries overall fiscal balance: 1.8 (2010–15), –1.8 (2016), 1.1 (2017), 1.1 (2018), 1.2 (2019), –1.3 (2020), –0.8 (note: table alignment shows mixed entries; preserve numbers as given) - Oil-importing countries government debt: 45.4 (2010–15), 44.4 (2016), 44.1 (2017), 43.7 (2018), 43.5 (2019), 43.6 (2020) - Oil-importing countries overall fiscal balance: –5.8 (2010–15), –5.0 (2016), –4.1 (2017), –4.8 (2018), –5.1 (2019), –5.5 (2020) ### Selected country snapshots (Government debt; Overall fiscal balance) - Angola: 35.2 (2010–15), 39.5 (2016), 32.2 (2017), 29.9 (2018), 31.4 (2019), 31.5 (2020); overall balance: 4.4 (2010–15), –4.8 (2016), –0.3 (2017), 1.3 (2018), –3.8 (2019), –1.9 (2020) - Nigeria: 20.5 (2010–15), 25.4 (2016), 24.7 (2017), 25.4 (2018), 26.2 (2019), 27.1 (2020); overall balance: 1.8 (2010–15), 0.7 (2016), 2.8 (2017), 2.1 (2018), –0.4 (2019), –0.2 (2020) - South Africa: 73.1 (2010–15), 72.4 (2016), 72.4 (2017), 72.4 (2018), 72.4 (2019), 72.4 (2020); overall balance: –4.1 (2010–15), –2.8 (2016), –2.4 (2017), –3.4 (2018), –3.4 (2019), –3.7 (2020) - Mozambique: 32.8 (2010–15), 37.1 (2016), 35.8 (2017), 34.2 (2018), 34.2 (2019), 34.2 (2020); overall balance: –34.6 (2010–15), –39.3 (2016), –20.2 (2017), –34.4 (2018), –51.1 (2019), –63.8 (2020) - Zimbabwe: 21.2 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 18.9 (2018), 15.1 (2019), 15.3 (2020); overall balance: –12.1 (2010–15), –3.6 (2016), –1.3 (2017), –4.0 (2018), –3.0 (2019), –4.6 (2020) ### Observations from fiscal table excerpt - Regional aggregates show government debt rising modestly from 35.8 (2010–15) to 37.2 (2020) while overall fiscal balances remain in deficit across most years (e.g., –3.7 in 2020 for Sub-Saharan Africa). - Median government debt and fiscal balances indicate substantial cross-country heterogeneity (median debt 29.5 in 2020; median overall fiscal balance –5.2 in 2020). - Distinct divergence between oil-exporting and oil-importing country groups in debt levels and fiscal balances as shown above. --- ### External Current Account, Including Grants and Broad Money ### Regional and Group-Level Statistics - Sub-Saharan Africa external current account: 13.8 (2010–15), 20.5 (2016), 22.4 (2017), 22.8 (2018), 23.8 (2019), 23.2 (2020) - Sub-Saharan Africa broad money: 5.1 (2010–15), 5.6 (2016), 5.4 (2017), 5.2 (2018), 4.9 (2019), 4.7 (2020) - Median external current account: 21.5 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 28.5 (2017), 27.6 (2018), 29.5 (2019), 27.8 (2020) - Median broad money: 3.5 (2010–15), 3.5 (2016), 3.7 (2017), 3.1 (2018), 3.2 (2019), 3.3 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa external current account: 21.5 (2010–15), 30.1 (2016), 30.2 (2017), 30.8 (2018), 32.7 (2019), 31.6 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa broad money: 4.4 (2010–15), 4.8 (2016), 4.2 (2017), 4.0 (2018), 3.8 (2019), 3.9 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries external current account: 8.1 (2010–15), 13.8 (2016), 15.7 (2017), 18.0 (2018), 18.1 (2019), 17.3 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries broad money: 6.2 (2010–15), 7.2 (2016), 7.1 (2017), 7.0 (2018), 6.2 (2019), 5.9 (2020) - Oil-importing countries external current account: 18.3 (2010–15), 25.0 (2016), 26.4 (2017), 25.5 (2018), 27.1 (2019), 26.7 (2020) - Oil-importing countries broad money: 4.3 (2010–15), 4.5 (2016), 4.4 (2017), 4.4 (2018), 4.3 (2019), 4.1 (2020) ### Selected country snapshots (External current account; Broad money) - Angola: 22.0 (2010–15), 44.4 (2016), 37.5 (2017), 45.7 (2018), 54.2 (2019), 51.3 (2020); broad money: 7.8 (2010–15), 10.3 (2016), 6.9 (2017), 6.7 (2018), 6.2 (2019), 6.7 (2020) - Nigeria: 3.1 (2010–15), 4.0 (2016), 6.3 (2017), 8.8 (2018), 8.7 (2019), 8.6 (2020); broad money: 5.8 (2010–15), 6.5 (2016), 7.2 (2017), 7.1 (2018), 6.3 (2019), 5.7 (2020) - South Africa: 12.7 (2010–15), 18.9 (2016), 21.3 (2017), 18.8 (2018), 20.6 (2019), 20.8 (2020); broad money: 5.2 (2010–15), 5.7 (2016), 5.6 (2017), 5.5 (2018), 5.2 (2019), 4.9 (2020) - Mozambique: 45.2 (2010–15), 92.4 (2016), 94.3 (2017), 84.4 (2018), 106.7 (2019), 102.6 (2020); broad money: 3.1 (2010–15), 2.8 (2016), 3.9 (2017), 2.8 (2018), 2.3 (2019), 2.3 (2020) - Zambia: 16.2 (2010–15), 38.2 (2016), 36.7 (2017), 44.5 (2018), 51.2 (2019), 56.3 (2020); broad money: 3.0 (2010–15), 2.4 (2016), 2.1 (2017), 1.6 (2018), 0.9 (2019), 0.6 (2020) ### Observations from external/current money table excerpt - Regional external current accounts rose from 13.8 (2010–15) to peaks in later years (e.g., 23.8 in 2019) with some decline to 23.2 in 2020. - Broad money as percent of GDP shows modest decline in the most recent years for the region (5.1 in 2010–15 to 4.7 in 2020). - Significant country-level dispersion in both external balances and broad money ratios (examples above show wide ranges). --- ### External Debt, Official Debt, Debtor Based and Reserves ### Table headings present in excerpt - External Debt, Official Debt, Debtor Based and Reserves - Reserves (Percent of GDP) (Months of imports of goods and services) ### Notes - The excerpt includes table headings for External Debt and Reserves but the provided content does not include the country-level numbers under these headings in the visible excerpt. *Source: statapp - Section 1 (IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Sub‑Saharan Africa, Statistical Appendix, as provided).* ### Section 1 ### statapp - Section 1 ### Data and Projections Coverage and Vintage - Data and projections presented are IMF staff estimates as of March 30, 2019, consistent with the projections underlying the April 2019 World Economic Outlook. - The data and projections cover 45 sub-Saharan African countries in the IMF’s African Department. - Data definitions follow established international statistical methodologies to the extent possible; in some cases, data limitations limit comparability across countries. - Additional historical and forecast tables for key macroeconomic variables are posted online in the Background Paper and Expanded Statistical Appendix (backgroundpapers.ashx?la=en). ### Country Groupings and Classification Criteria - Countries are aggregated into three non-overlapping groups: - Oil exporters: countries where net oil exports make up 30 percent or more of total exports. - Other resource-intensive countries: countries where nonrenewable natural resources represent 25 percent or more of total exports. - Non-resource-intensive countries: countries not classified as oil exporters or other resource-intensive countries. - Countries are also aggregated into four overlapping groups: - Oil exporters - Middle-income countries - Low-income countries - Countries in fragile situations - Income and fragility membership criteria: - Middle-income countries: per capita gross national income (average 2015–17) of more than US$995.00 (World Bank, Atlas method). - Low-income countries: average per capita gross national income in 2015–17 equal to or lower than US$995.00 (World Bank, Atlas method). - Countries in fragile situations: average CPIA scores of 3.2 or less in 2015–17 and/or presence of a peace-keeping or peace-building mission within the last three years. - Regional cooperation memberships shown (listed on page 56 of source): CFA franc zone (WAEMU and CEMAC), COMESA, EAC-5 (includes Rwanda and Burundi for aggregates), ECOWAS, SADC, SACU. ### Methods of Aggregation - Tables SA1 and SA3: - Country group composites for real GDP growth and broad money are arithmetic averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP valued at purchasing power parity as a share of total group GDP. - PPP weights source: World Economic Outlook (WEO) database. - Table SA1: - Country group composites for consumer prices are geometric averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP at purchasing power parity as a share of total group GDP. - PPP weights source: WEO database. - Tables SA2–SA4: - Country group composites, except for broad money, are arithmetic averages of individual countries, weighted by GDP in US dollars at market exchange rates as a share of total group GDP. ### Footnotes and Special Data Notes - Zimbabwe: In February, 2019, Zimbabwe adopted a new local currency unit, the RTGS dollar, which has become the official unit of account. Efforts are underway to revise and update all national accounts series to the new RTGS dollar. Current data are based on IMF staff estimates of price and exchange rate developments in US (and RTGS) dollars. Staff estimates of US dollar values may differ from authorities’ estimates. - Notes: “...” denotes data not available. - Fiscal year data are flagged where applicable in tables. ### Selected Table Extracts and Key Statistics (exact text and numeric values preserved) - Sub-Saharan Africa line as shown in Table SA1 (Real GDP Growth and Consumer Prices): Sub-Saharan Africa5.11.42.93.03.53.77.711.211.08.58.17.4 - Median line (Table SA1): Median5.0 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.3 4.74.9 5.5 5.3 3.9 4.2 5.0 - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa (Table SA1): Excludin g Nigeria and South Africa5.8 3.4 4.7 4.5 5.0 5.17.3 10.6 10.3 8.0 7.4 6.0 - Oil-exporting countries (Table SA1): Oil-exporting countries5.3–1.80.51.42.22.79.417.517.112.211.110.3 Excluding Nigeria4.1 –2.2 –0.3 0.0 2.3 3.26.9 22.4 18.6 12.4 9.6 6.7 - Oil-importing countries (Table SA1): Oil-importing countries4.93.54.64.14.34.36.67.07.26.26.35.7 - Middle-income countries (Table SA1): Middle-income countries4.70.42.02.22.93.17.711.611.08.28.17.9 - Low-income countries (Table SA1): Low-income countries6.54.45.95.75.35.68.010.011.09.28.16.0 - Countries in fragile situations (Table SA1): Countries in fragile situations5.52.33.94.44.65.15.513.413.510.410.15.4 - Selected country-level excerpt (Table SA1 example rows preserved exactly as printed): Angola4.6 –2.6 –0.2 –1.7 0.4 2.9 10.6 30.7 29.8 19.6 17.5 11.1 Ethiopia1 10.2 8.0 10.1 7.7 7.7 7.5 15.1 6.6 10.7 13.8 9.3 8.0 Nigeria5.8 –1.6 0.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 10.4 15.7 16.5 12.1 11.7 11.7 South Sudan–5.1 –16.7 –5.5 –1.2 8.8 5.2 24.9 379.8 187.9 83.5 24.5 16.9 - Selected Table SA2 excerpt headings preserved exactly: Government Deb tOverall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants Table SA2. *Source: statapp - Section 1 (IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Sub‑Saharan Africa, Statistical Appendix, as provided).* ### Section 2 ### Overall Fiscal Balance, Including Grants and Government Debt ### Government debt (Percent of GDP) and Overall fiscal balance (Percent of GDP) - Sub-Saharan Africa government debt: 35.8 (2010–15), 37.3 (2016), 36.6 (2017), 36.5 (2018), 36.8 (2019), 37.2 (2020) - Sub-Saharan Africa overall fiscal balance: –2.5 (2010–15), –3.7 (2016), –2.1 (2017), –2.6 (2018), –3.7 (2019), –3.7 (2020) - Median government debt: 26.8 (2010–15), 28.9 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 28.9 (2018), 28.9 (2019), 29.5 (2020) - Median overall fiscal balance: –7.2 (2010–15), –5.5 (2016), –5.8 (2017), –6.2 (2018), –6.0 (2019), –5.2 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa government debt: 28.7 (2010–15), 30.5 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 29.3 (2018), 29.8 (2019), 30.3 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa overall fiscal balance: –4.4 (2010–15), –6.4 (2016), –4.3 (2017), –4.4 (2018), –5.5 (2019), –5.5 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries government debt: 22.5 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 25.3 (2017), 25.4 (2018), 26.2 (2019), 26.9 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries overall fiscal balance: 1.8 (2010–15), –1.8 (2016), 1.1 (2017), 1.1 (2018), 1.2 (2019), –1.3 (2020), –0.8 (note: table alignment shows mixed entries; preserve numbers as given) - Oil-importing countries government debt: 45.4 (2010–15), 44.4 (2016), 44.1 (2017), 43.7 (2018), 43.5 (2019), 43.6 (2020) - Oil-importing countries overall fiscal balance: –5.8 (2010–15), –5.0 (2016), –4.1 (2017), –4.8 (2018), –5.1 (2019), –5.5 (2020) - Selected country snapshots (Government debt; Overall fiscal balance): - Angola: 35.2 (2010–15), 39.5 (2016), 32.2 (2017), 29.9 (2018), 31.4 (2019), 31.5 (2020); overall balance: 4.4 (2010–15), –4.8 (2016), –0.3 (2017), 1.3 (2018), –3.8 (2019), –1.9 (2020) - Nigeria: 20.5 (2010–15), 25.4 (2016), 24.7 (2017), 25.4 (2018), 26.2 (2019), 27.1 (2020); overall balance: 1.8 (2010–15), 0.7 (2016), 2.8 (2017), 2.1 (2018), –0.4 (2019), –0.2 (2020) - South Africa: 73.1 (2010–15), 72.4 (2016), 72.4 (2017), 72.4 (2018), 72.4 (2019), 72.4 (2020); overall balance: –4.1 (2010–15), –2.8 (2016), –2.4 (2017), –3.4 (2018), –3.4 (2019), –3.7 (2020) - Mozambique: 32.8 (2010–15), 37.1 (2016), 35.8 (2017), 34.2 (2018), 34.2 (2019), 34.2 (2020); overall balance: –34.6 (2010–15), –39.3 (2016), –20.2 (2017), –34.4 (2018), –51.1 (2019), –63.8 (2020) - Zimbabwe: 21.2 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 29.6 (2017), 18.9 (2018), 15.1 (2019), 15.3 (2020); overall balance: –12.1 (2010–15), –3.6 (2016), –1.3 (2017), –4.0 (2018), –3.0 (2019), –4.6 (2020) ### Observations from fiscal table excerpt - Regional aggregates show government debt rising modestly from 35.8 (2010–15) to 37.2 (2020) while overall fiscal balances remain in deficit across most years (e.g., –3.7 in 2020 for Sub-Saharan Africa). - Median government debt and fiscal balances indicate substantial cross-country heterogeneity (median debt 29.5 in 2020; median overall fiscal balance –5.2 in 2020). - Distinct divergence between oil-exporting and oil-importing country groups in debt levels and fiscal balances as shown above. ### External Current Account, Including Grants and Broad Money ### External current account (Percent of GDP) and Broad money (Percent of GDP) - Sub-Saharan Africa external current account: 13.8 (2010–15), 20.5 (2016), 22.4 (2017), 22.8 (2018), 23.8 (2019), 23.2 (2020) - Sub-Saharan Africa broad money: 5.1 (2010–15), 5.6 (2016), 5.4 (2017), 5.2 (2018), 4.9 (2019), 4.7 (2020) - Median external current account: 21.5 (2010–15), 27.1 (2016), 28.5 (2017), 27.6 (2018), 29.5 (2019), 27.8 (2020) - Median broad money: 3.5 (2010–15), 3.5 (2016), 3.7 (2017), 3.1 (2018), 3.2 (2019), 3.3 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa external current account: 21.5 (2010–15), 30.1 (2016), 30.2 (2017), 30.8 (2018), 32.7 (2019), 31.6 (2020) - Excluding Nigeria and South Africa broad money: 4.4 (2010–15), 4.8 (2016), 4.2 (2017), 4.0 (2018), 3.8 (2019), 3.9 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries external current account: 8.1 (2010–15), 13.8 (2016), 15.7 (2017), 18.0 (2018), 18.1 (2019), 17.3 (2020) - Oil-exporting countries broad money: 6.2 (2010–15), 7.2 (2016), 7.1 (2017), 7.0 (2018), 6.2 (2019), 5.9 (2020) - Oil-importing countries external current account: 18.3 (2010–15), 25.0 (2016), 26.4 (2017), 25.5 (2018), 27.1 (2019), 26.7 (2020) - Oil-importing countries broad money: 4.3 (2010–15), 4.5 (2016), 4.4 (2017), 4.4 (2018), 4.3 (2019), 4.1 (2020) - Selected country snapshots (External current account; Broad money): - Angola: 22.0 (2010–15), 44.4 (2016), 37.5 (2017), 45.7 (2018), 54.2 (2019), 51.3 (2020); broad money: 7.8 (2010–15), 10.3 (2016), 6.9 (2017), 6.7 (2018), 6.2 (2019), 6.7 (2020) - Nigeria: 3.1 (2010–15), 4.0 (2016), 6.3 (2017), 8.8 (2018), 8.7 (2019), 8.6 (2020); broad money: 5.8 (2010–15), 6.5 (2016), 7.2 (2017), 7.1 (2018), 6.3 (2019), 5.7 (2020) - South Africa: 12.7 (2010–15), 18.9 (2016), 21.3 (2017), 18.8 (2018), 20.6 (2019), 20.8 (2020); broad money: 5.2 (2010–15), 5.7 (2016), 5.6 (2017), 5.5 (2018), 5.2 (2019), 4.9 (2020) - Mozambique: 45.2 (2010–15), 92.4 (2016), 94.3 (2017), 84.4 (2018), 106.7 (2019), 102.6 (2020); broad money: 3.1 (2010–15), 2.8 (2016), 3.9 (2017), 2.8 (2018), 2.3 (2019), 2.3 (2020) - Zambia: 16.2 (2010–15), 38.2 (2016), 36.7 (2017), 44.5 (2018), 51.2 (2019), 56.3 (2020); broad money: 3.0 (2010–15), 2.4 (2016), 2.1 (2017), 1.6 (2018), 0.9 (2019), 0.6 (2020) ### Observations from external/current money table excerpt - Regional external current accounts rose from 13.8 (2010–15) to peaks in later years (e.g., 23.8 in 2019) with some decline to 23.2 in 2020. - Broad money as percent of GDP shows modest decline in the most recent years for the region (5.1 in 2010–15 to 4.7 in 2020). - Significant country-level dispersion in both external balances and broad money ratios (examples above show wide ranges). ### External Debt, Official Debt, Debtor Based and Reserves ### Table headings present in excerpt - External Debt, Official Debt, Debtor Based and Reserves - Reserves (Percent of GDP) (Months of imports of goods and services) ### Notes - The excerpt includes table headings for External Debt and Reserves but the provided content does not include the country-level numbers under these headings in the visible excerpt. *Regional Economic Outlook: Sub‑Saharan Africa — Statistical Appendix (tables and figures as shown in the provided excerpt).* --- _Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/reo/afr/2019/april/english/statapp.pdf_