## pcps-technical-documentation

## Source details

**Canonical URL:** [pcps-technical-documentation](https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/research/commodityprices/monthly/pcps-technical-documentation.pdf)

## Other formats

- [Markdown version](/-/media/files/research/commodityprices/monthly/pcps-technical-documentation.pdf.md)
- [Structured JSON version](/-/media/files/research/commodityprices/monthly/pcps-technical-documentation.pdf.json)

---

### Overview of the PCPI
- The IMF technical note describes the calculation and composition of the revised IMF primary commodity price index (PCPI), and the data sources used.
- The PCPI is a weighted average of select commodity price indices, based on identified benchmark prices which are representative of the global market.
- The weight is calculated based on the global import share over a 3-year period (2014-2016), and is normalized to 100 at year 2016 prices.
- The PCPI represents four broad commodity asset classes: (1) energy, (2) agriculture, (3) fertilizers, and (4) metals.
- The PCPI starts in January 1992, and is available in monthly, quarterly, and annual frequency.
- All benchmark prices are denominated in USD.

### Calculation methodology (summary)
- The PCPI is calculated as a weighted average of 68 commodity prices:
  - 푃_t = ∑_{k=1}^{68} p_t^k W_t^k
  - where 푝_t^k is the selected normalized price of commodity k at time t and 푊_t^k is the weight given to price 푝_t^k.
- Normalized prices are calculated by dividing the nominal commodity price by the base price, where the base price is the average price in 2016 for that commodity, so that the value of the normalized price and the PCPI equal 100 in 2016.
- Weights are calculated as import weights (the share of imports of commodity k in total global commodity imports):
  - 푊_t^k = 푉_t^k / ∑_{k=1}^{68} 푉_t^k

### Index composition — key facts
- The PCPI is composed of 68 commodities, of which 6 (oil, coal, gas, coffee, sugar and wool) are commodity “groups” representing weighted averages of various prices for the same commodity from different parts of the world.
- Coffee is an exception: it is a weighted average of two varieties, Arabica beans and Robusta beans.
- Top-level index and sub-index structure:
  - The PCPI is a weighted average of the Fuel (Energy) Index, the Agriculture Price Index, the Fertilizer Price Index, and the Metals Price Index.
  - The PCPI and many sub-indices are normalized to 2016 = 100.

### Key weights and shares (selected exact values preserved)
- ALL INDEX: 100%
- ENERGY: 40.9%
  - Coal: 3.0%
    - Coal, Australia: 1.5%
    - Coal, South Africa: 1.5%
  - Crude Oil: 28.6%
    - Brent: 9.5%
    - Dubai Fateh: 9.5%
    - WTI: 9.5%
  - Natural Gas: 7.8%
    - Natural Gas, E.U.: 2.6%
    - Natural Gas, Japan: 2.6%
    - Natural Gas, U.S.: 2.6%
  - Propane: 1.5%
- NON-ENERGY: 59.1%
  - Agriculture: 34.5%
    - Agricultural Raw Materials: 4.3%
      - Cotton: 0.8%
      - Hides: 0.2%
      - Rubber: 0.8%
      - Timber: 2.2%
        - Hardwood: 1.0%
          - Hardwood Logs: 0.3%
          - Hard Sawnwood: 0.7%
        - Softwood: 1.2%
          - Softwood Logs: 0.3%
          - Sawn Softwood: 0.9%
      - Wool + Yarn: 0.3%
        - Wool, Coarse: 0.2%
        - Wool, Fine: 0.2%
    - Beverages: 2.3%
      - Coffee: 1.5%
        - Coffee, Arabica: 0.7%
        - Coffee, Robusta: 0.7%
      - Cocoa: 0.6%
      - Tea: 0.2%
    - Food: 27.8%
      - Cereals: 3.5%
        - Barley: 0.2%
        - Maize (Corn): 1.1%
        - Oats: 0.1%
        - Rice: 0.6%
        - Sorghum: 0.1%
        - Wheat: 1.4%
      - Meat: 4.9%
        - Beef: 2.1%
        - Lamb: 0.3%
        - Poultry: 1.0%
        - Swine (Pork): 1.5%
      - Seafood: 3.9%
        - Shrimp: 1.4%
        - Fish: 2.5%
      - Sugar: 1.5%
        - Sugar, U.S.: 0.2%
        - Sugar, World: 1.4%
      - Vegetable Oil Index: 5.7%
        - Olive Oil: 0.3%
        - Palm Oil: 1.1%
        - Rapeseed Oil: 0.9%
        - Soybean: 1.8%
        - Soybean Oil: 0.3%
        - Soybean Meal: 0.8%
        - Sunflower Seed Oil: 0.4%
      - Other Food: 8.4%
        - Bananas: 0.9%
        - Citrus Fruit + Orange Juice: 1.1%
        - Dairy Products (Milk): 0.9%
        - Fishmeal: 0.1%
        - Groundnuts + Tree Nuts: 1.0%
        - Legumes (Chickpea): 0.4%
        - Non-Citrus Fruit (Apple): 1.2%
        - Vegetables (Tomato): 2.8%
  - Fertilizers: 1.9%
    - Nitrogen: 0.9%
    - Phosphate: 0.5%
    - Potassium: 0.6%
  - Metals: 22.7%
    - Base Metals: 11.2%
      - Aluminum: 1.6%
      - Cobalt: 0.1%
      - Copper: 3.4%
      - Iron Ore: 3.4%
      - Lead: 0.4%
      - Molybdenum: 0.6%
      - Nickel: 0.7%
      - Tin: 0.2%
      - Uranium: 0.4%
      - Zinc: 0.6%
    - Precious Metals: 11.6%
      - Gold: 10.2%
      - Silver: 0.7%
      - Palladium: 0.3%
      - Platinum: 0.4%

### Sub-indices (selected index codes and definitions)
- PALLFNF: All Commodity Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes both Fuel and Non-Fuel Price Indices
- PEXGALL: All Commodity Price EX GOLD Index, 2016 = 100, includes both Fuel and Non-Fuel Price Indices, except Gold
- PRAWM: Agricultural Raw Materials Index, 2016 = 100, includes Cotton, Hides, Rubber, Timber, and Wool
- PAGRI: Agriculture Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Agriculture Raw Materials, Food and Beverages
- PBEVE: Beverage Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Cocoa, Coffee and Tea
- POILAPSP: Crude Oil (petroleum), Price index, 2016 = 100, simple average of three spot prices; Dated Brent, West Texas Intermediate, and the Dubai Fateh
- PFERT: Fertilizer Index, 2016 = 100, includes Urea, Phosphate, Potassium
- PNRG: Fuel (Energy) Index, 2016 = 100, includes Crude oil (petroleum), Coal Price, Natural Gas and Propane
- PMETA: Metals Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes (Base Metals): Aluminum, Copper, Iron Ore, Lead, Molybdenum, Nickel, Tin, Uranium and Zinc
- PPMETA: Precious Metals Index, 2016 = 100: Gold, Silver, Palladium, and Platinum
- PALLMETA: All Metals Index, 2016 = 100: includes Metal Price Index (Base Metals) and Precious Metals Index

### Data sources and frequency
- Benchmark prices are obtained from various sources at high frequency and converted to monthly frequency by averaging weekly or daily values.
- Quarterly and annual frequencies are averages of the monthly values.
- Price series sources include: Argus, Refinitiv, Energy Information Administration, Cotlook Ltd., Australian Wool Exchange Limited, International Coffee Organization, International Cocoa Organization, International Tea Committee, USDA, Chicago Board of Trade, NYB-ICE Futures US Softs, London Metal Exchange, ICE Benchmark Administration, DataStream, World Bank, Steel Home, Nuexco, and others as specified for individual commodities.
- Price units and specifications are preserved per commodity (for example, USD/t, USD/bbl, USD/MMBtu, US cents/pound, USD/metric ton, USD/kg, USD/troy ounce).

### Weighting approach and HS2012 concordance
- The PCPI compilation used the average value of global imports in 2014-2016 to construct weights for each of the 66 commodities.
- Global imports for each commodity for the years 2014-2016 were obtained from UN COMTRADE.
- Imports were chosen rather than exports because import data are considered better due to being generated from levying of tariffs.
- The 6-digit HS2012 classification was used to guide PCPI compilation.
- For each commodity group all relevant 6-digit HS2012 codes were selected based on expert judgement and global imports were obtained by summing over the selected 6-digit categories.
- In select cases, 6-digit HS2012 codes were assigned to a commodity group and the global import trade value was distributed amongst individual commodities based on their weight in the respective commodity group.
- For broader commodity groups (for example “non-citrus fruit + orange juice” or “fish”), products were selected based on certain shared characteristics (close substitutes).
- Inclusion criteria for HS2012 codes:
  - (i) a close fit between the product description of the HS code and the relevant commodity group, and
  - (ii) the HS code describing a raw/primary or slightly processed product (thereby excluding fully processed or manufactured products).
- The import share of each commodity group is obtained by dividing world imports for that commodity by the total global import value for all commodities.
- Table 4 provides the concordance between commodity groups and HS2012 codes. Concordance highlights (verbatim HS2012 codes and descriptions as listed) include detailed mappings for Aluminum, Bananas, Barley, Beef, various Cereal DISTRIB codes, Citrus Fruit + Orange Juice, Coal, Cobalt, Cocoa, Coffee, Copper, Corn, Cotton, Crude oil, Crustaceans/molluscs/snails (Shrimp) and Fish, Dairy Products (Milk), Fertilizers (DISTRIB) and specific fertilizer types, Gold and other precious and industrial metals, Rice, Wheat, Palm Oil, Soybeans, Soybean Oil and meal, Rapeseed Oil, and many other commodities and groups mapped to HS2012 codes.
- The full Table 4 provides the exhaustive concordance of all 66 commodity groups with their HS2012 6-digit codes and descriptions.

*The IMF technical note (PCPI technical documentation).*

### Chapter 1: Introduction

### Chapter 1: Introduction

### Overview of the PCPI
- The IMF technical note describes the calculation and composition of the revised IMF primary commodity price index (PCPI), and the data sources used.
- The PCPI is a weighted average of select commodity price indices, based on identified benchmark prices which are representative of the global market.
- The weight is calculated based on the global import share over a 3-year period (2014-2016), and is normalized to 100 at year 2016 prices.
- The PCPI represents four broad commodity asset classes: (1) energy, (2) agriculture, (3) fertilizers, and (4) metals.
- The PCPI starts in January 1992, and is available in monthly, quarterly, and annual frequency.
- All benchmark prices are denominated in USD.

### Calculation methodology (summary)
- The PCPI is calculated as a weighted average of 68 commodity prices:
  - 푃_t = ∑_{k=1}^{68} p_t^k W_t^k
  - where 푝_t^k is the selected normalized price of commodity k at time t and 푊_t^k is the weight given to price 푝_t^k.
- Normalized prices are calculated by dividing the nominal commodity price by the base price, where the base price is the average price in 2016 for that commodity, so that the value of the normalized price and the PCPI equal 100 in 2016.
- Weights are calculated as import weights (the share of imports of commodity k in total global commodity imports):
  - 푊_t^k = 푉_t^k / ∑_{k=1}^{68} 푉_t^k

### Index composition — key facts
- The PCPI is composed of 68 commodities, of which 6 (oil, coal, gas, coffee, sugar and wool) are commodity “groups” representing weighted averages of various prices for the same commodity from different parts of the world.
- Coffee is an exception: it is a weighted average of two varieties, Arabica beans and Robusta beans.
- Top-level index and sub-index structure:
  - The PCPI is a weighted average of the Fuel (Energy) Index, the Agriculture Price Index, the Fertilizer Price Index, and the Metals Price Index.
  - The PCPI and many sub-indices are normalized to 2016 = 100.

### Key weights and shares (selected exact values preserved)
- ALL INDEX: 100%
- ENERGY: 40.9%
  - Coal: 3.0%
    - Coal, Australia: 1.5%
    - Coal, South Africa: 1.5%
  - Crude Oil: 28.6%
    - Brent: 9.5%
    - Dubai Fateh: 9.5%
    - WTI: 9.5%
  - Natural Gas: 7.8%
    - Natural Gas, E.U.: 2.6%
    - Natural Gas, Japan: 2.6%
    - Natural Gas, U.S.: 2.6%
  - Propane: 1.5%
- NON-ENERGY: 59.1%
  - Agriculture: 34.5%
    - Agricultural Raw Materials: 4.3%
      - Cotton: 0.8%
      - Hides: 0.2%
      - Rubber: 0.8%
      - Timber: 2.2%
        - Hardwood: 1.0%
          - Hardwood Logs: 0.3%
          - Hard Sawnwood: 0.7%
        - Softwood: 1.2%
          - Softwood Logs: 0.3%
          - Sawn Softwood: 0.9%
      - Wool + Yarn: 0.3%
        - Wool, Coarse: 0.2%
        - Wool, Fine: 0.2%
    - Beverages: 2.3%
      - Coffee: 1.5%
        - Coffee, Arabica: 0.7%
        - Coffee, Robusta: 0.7%
      - Cocoa: 0.6%
      - Tea: 0.2%
    - Food: 27.8%
      - Cereals: 3.5%
        - Barley: 0.2%
        - Maize (Corn): 1.1%
        - Oats: 0.1%
        - Rice: 0.6%
        - Sorghum: 0.1%
        - Wheat: 1.4%
      - Meat: 4.9%
        - Beef: 2.1%
        - Lamb: 0.3%
        - Poultry: 1.0%
        - Swine (Pork): 1.5%
      - Seafood: 3.9%
        - Shrimp: 1.4%
        - Fish: 2.5%
      - Sugar: 1.5%
        - Sugar, U.S.: 0.2%
        - Sugar, World: 1.4%
      - Vegetable Oil Index: 5.7%
        - Olive Oil: 0.3%
        - Palm Oil: 1.1%
        - Rapeseed Oil: 0.9%
        - Soybean: 1.8%
        - Soybean Oil: 0.3%
        - Soybean Meal: 0.8%
        - Sunflower Seed Oil: 0.4%
      - Other Food: 8.4%
        - Bananas: 0.9%
        - Citrus Fruit + Orange Juice: 1.1%
        - Dairy Products (Milk): 0.9%
        - Fishmeal: 0.1%
        - Groundnuts + Tree Nuts: 1.0%
        - Legumes (Chickpea): 0.4%
        - Non-Citrus Fruit (Apple): 1.2%
        - Vegetables (Tomato): 2.8%
  - Fertilizers: 1.9%
    - Nitrogen: 0.9%
    - Phosphate: 0.5%
    - Potassium: 0.6%
  - Metals: 22.7%
    - Base Metals: 11.2%
      - Aluminum: 1.6%
      - Cobalt: 0.1%
      - Copper: 3.4%
      - Iron Ore: 3.4%
      - Lead: 0.4%
      - Molybdenum: 0.6%
      - Nickel: 0.7%
      - Tin: 0.2%
      - Uranium: 0.4%
      - Zinc: 0.6%
    - Precious Metals: 11.6%
      - Gold: 10.2%
      - Silver: 0.7%
      - Palladium: 0.3%
      - Platinum: 0.4%

### Sub-indices (selected index codes and definitions)
- PALLFNF: All Commodity Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes both Fuel and Non-Fuel Price Indices
- PEXGALL: All Commodity Price EX GOLD Index, 2016 = 100, includes both Fuel and Non-Fuel Price Indices, except Gold
- PRAWM: Agricultural Raw Materials Index, 2016 = 100, includes Cotton, Hides, Rubber, Timber, and Wool
- PAGRI: Agriculture Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Agriculture Raw Materials, Food and Beverages
- PBEVE: Beverage Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes Cocoa, Coffee and Tea
- POILAPSP: Crude Oil (petroleum), Price index, 2016 = 100, simple average of three spot prices; Dated Brent, West Texas Intermediate, and the Dubai Fateh
- PFERT: Fertilizer Index, 2016 = 100, includes Urea, Phosphate, Potassium
- PNRG: Fuel (Energy) Index, 2016 = 100, includes Crude oil (petroleum), Coal Price, Natural Gas and Propane
- PMETA: Metals Price Index, 2016 = 100, includes (Base Metals): Aluminum, Copper, Iron Ore, Lead, Molybdenum, Nickel, Tin, Uranium and Zinc
- PPMETA: Precious Metals Index, 2016 = 100: Gold, Silver, Palladium, and Platinum
- PALLMETA: All Metals Index, 2016 = 100: includes Metal Price Index (Base Metals) and Precious Metals Index

### Data sources and frequency
- Benchmark prices are obtained from various sources at high frequency and converted to monthly frequency by averaging weekly or daily values.
- Quarterly and annual frequencies are averages of the monthly values.
- Price series sources include: Argus, Refinitiv, Energy Information Administration, Cotlook Ltd., Australian Wool Exchange Limited, International Coffee Organization, International Cocoa Organization, International Tea Committee, USDA, Chicago Board of Trade, NYB-ICE Futures US Softs, London Metal Exchange, ICE Benchmark Administration, DataStream, World Bank, Steel Home, Nuexco, and others as specified for individual commodities.
- Price units and specifications are preserved per commodity (for example, USD/t, USD/bbl, USD/MMBtu, US cents/pound, USD/metric ton, USD/kg, USD/troy ounce).

*The IMF technical note (PCPI technical documentation).*

### 4.2 The average value of global imports in 2014-2016 was used to construct the weights for

### 4.2 The average value of global imports in 2014-2016 was used to construct the weights for

### Overview of weighting approach
- The PCPI compilation used the average value of global imports in 2014-2016 to construct weights for each of the 66 commodities.
- Global imports for each commodity for the years 2014-2016 were obtained from UN COMTRADE.
- Imports were chosen rather than exports because import data are considered better due to being generated from levying of tariffs.

### Classification and aggregation
- The 6-digit HS2012 classification was used to guide PCPI compilation.
- For each commodity group all relevant 6-digit HS2012 codes were selected based on expert judgement and global imports were obtained by summing over the selected 6-digit categories.
- In select cases, 6-digit HS2012 codes were assigned to a commodity group and the global import trade value was distributed amongst individual commodities based on their weight in the respective commodity group.
- For broader commodity groups (for example “non-citrus fruit + orange juice” or “fish”), products were selected based on certain shared characteristics (close substitutes).

### Inclusion criteria for HS2012 codes
- (i) a close fit between the product description of the HS code and the relevant commodity group, and
- (ii) the HS code describing a raw/primary or slightly processed product (thereby excluding fully processed or manufactured products).

### Calculation of import share
- The import share of each commodity group is obtained by dividing world imports for that commodity by the total global import value for all commodities.
- The concordance between commodity groups and HS2012 codes is provided in Table 4.

### Contents of Table 4 (concordance highlights)
- Table 4 lists commodity groups alongside the specific 6-digit HS2012 codes and their HS descriptions used for weights.
- Examples of commodity-to-HS2012 mappings included (verbatim HS2012 codes and descriptions as listed):
  - Aluminum: 260600 (Aluminium ores and concentrates), 760110 (Aluminium; unwrought, (not alloyed)), 760120 (Aluminium; unwrought, alloys)
  - Bananas: 080310 (Fruit, edible; plantains, fresh or dried), 080390 (Fruit, edible; bananas, other than plantains, fresh or dried), 200941 (Juice; pineapple, ...), etc.
  - Barley: 100310 (Cereals; barley, seed), 100390 (Cereals; barley, other than seed), 121010 (Hop cones; neither ground nor powdered nor in the form of pellets), 121020, 130213
  - Beef: 010221, 010229, 010231, 010239, 010290, 020110, 020120, 020130, 020210, 020220, 020230, 020610, 020621, 020622, 020629, 021020, 051110, 150210, 150290
  - Cereal and related DISTRIB codes: 100830, 100840, 100850, 100860, 100890, 110290, 110319, 110320, 110429, 110430, 110510, 110520, 110610, 110620, 110630, 110710, 110720, 121300
  - Citrus Fruit + Orange Juice: 080510, 080520, 080540, 080550, 080590, 080610, 080620, 080711, 080719, 080720, 081400, 200911, 200912, 200919, 200921, 200929, 200931, 200939, 200830
  - Coal: 270111, 270112, 270119, 270120, 270210, 270220, 270300
  - Cobalt: 260500, 810520
  - Cocoa: 180100, 180200, 180310, 180320, 180400, 180500
  - Coffee: 090111, 090112, 090121, 090122, 090190, 210111, 210112, 210130, 121120, 240110, 240120, 240130, 121294
  - Copper: 260300, 740100, 740200, 740311, 740312, 740313, 740319, 740321, 740322, 740329
  - Corn: 100510, 100590, 151521, 151529, 230690, 230210, 110220, 110313, 110423, 110812
  - Cotton: 520100, 520210, 520291, 520299, 520300, 520411, 520419, 520511, 520512, 520513, 520514, 520515, 520521, 520522, 520523, 520524, 520526, 520527, 520528, 520531, 520532, 520533, 520534, 520535, 520541, 520542, 520543, 520544, 520546, 520547, 520548, 520611, 520612, 520613, 520614, 520615, 520621, 520622, 520623, 520624, 520625, 520631, 520632, 520633, 520634, 520635, 520641, 520642, 520643, 520644, 520645, 520120, 520126, 120721, 120729, 230610, 530110, 530121, 530129, 530130, 530210, 530290, 530310, 530390
  - Crude oil: 270900, 271410, 271490
  - Crustaceans molluscs snails (Shrimp) and Fish: numerous HS2012 codes spanning 030611–030629, 030711–030719, 030721–030729, 030731–030739, 030741–030749, 030751–030759, 030760, 030771–030779, 030781, 030789, 030791, 030799, 160510–160563, 030811–030819, 030821–030829, 030830–030890, 150410–150430, 121221, 121229, 030811–030819, 030821, 030829, 030830, 030890, 030811 etc., and fish-specific codes 030191–030199, 030211–030219, 030221–030229, 030231–030239, 030241–030249, 030251–030259, 030271–030279, 030281–030289, 030290, 030311–030319, 030323–030329, 030331–030339, 030341–030349, 030351–030359, 030363–030369, 030381–030389, 030390, 030431–030439, 030441–030449, 030451–030459, 030461–030469, 030471–030479, 030481–030489, 030491–030499, 030510, 030520, 030531–030539, 160300, 160411–160419, 160420, 160431–160432, 230120
  - Dairy Products (Milk): 040110, 040120, 040140, 040150, 040210, 040221, 040229, 040291, 040299, 040310, 040390
  - Fertilizers (DISTRIB) and specific fertilizer types (Nitrogen, Phosphate, Potassium): DISTRIB codes 310100, 310510, 310520, 310551, 310559, 310560, 310590 and specific codes 310210, 310221, 310229, 310230, 310240, 310250, 310260, 310280, 310290, 310310, 310390, 310530, 310540, 310420, 310430, 310490
  - Gold and other precious and industrial metals: Gold 710811, 710812, 710813; Silver 261610, 710610, 710691, 710692; Platinum 711011, 711019; Palladium 711021, 711029, 711031, 711039; Lead 260700, 780110, 780191, 780199; Zinc 260800, 790111, 790112, 790120; Nickel 260400, 750110, 750120, 750210, 750220; Iron ore and ferrous products 260111, 260112, 720110, 720120, 720150, 720310, 720390, 720610, 720690
  - Agricultural staples and oils: Rice 100610–100640, 230310; Wheat 100111, 100119, 100191, 100199, 110100, 110900, 230230, 100210, 100290, 100810, 100821, 100829, 110311, 110419, 110811; Palm Oil 151110, 151190, 230660, 120300, 120710, 151311, 151319, 151321, 151329, 230650, 530500, 200891; Soybeans 120110, 120190, 120730, 120810; Soybean Oil and meal 230400, 150710, 150790, 150810, 150890, 151530, 110813–110819; Rapeseed Oil 120510, 120590, 151411, 151419, 151491, 151499, 230641, 230649, 120400, 120740, 120750, 120760, 120791, 120799, 151511, 151519, 151550, 151590, 230620, 121140
  - Other commodities and groups with mapped HS2012 codes: Groundnuts + Tree Nuts, Hardwood logs, Hides, Lamb, Lead, Molybdenum & related ores, Natural gas (271111, 271121), Nitrogen fertilizers, Non-Citrus Fruit (Apple) and related HS codes, Oats, Olive Oil, Platinum, Pork (Swine), Potassium fertilizers, Poultry, Precious Metals - DISTRIB261690, Propane (271112, 271113, 271119, 271129), Rice, Rubber (400110–400400, 400911–400942, 400931–400942), Sawn Hardwood, Saw n Hardw ood and Softwood series (440110–440139, 440721–440799, 440791–440799, 440131, 440139, 440121, 440310–440331, 440410–440421, 440420, 440710, 440810, 440890, 440910, 440921, 140110, 140120), Sorghum, Sugar (040900, 170112–170199, 170211–170390, 230320, 010641, 090411–091099, 120910, 121291–121293, 130120, 130190, 130212–130220, 250100), Sunflower Seed Oil (120600, 151211, 151219, 151221, 151229, 230630, 120770), Tea (090230, 090240, 210120, 090210, 090220, 090300, 121130), Tin (260900, 800110, 800120), Uranium (261210, 284410, 284420), Vegetable Oils DISTRIB and related codes, Vegetables (Tomato) and wide-ranging codes 070110–071490, 140420, 140490, 200210–200990, 110813–110820, 130231–130239, Wool + Yarn (510111–510820, 150500, 500100–500400)
- The full Table 4 provides the exhaustive concordance of all 66 commodity groups with their HS2012 6-digit codes and descriptions.

---


_Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/research/commodityprices/monthly/pcps-technical-documentation.pdf_