## Selected Topics, 1992–98 ## Source details **Canonical URL:** [Selected Topics, 1992–98](https://www.imf.org/-/media/websites/imf/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/weo0598/pdf/_0598toppdf.pdf) ## Other formats - [Markdown version](/-/media/websites/imf/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/weo0598/pdf/_0598toppdf.pdf.md) - [Structured JSON version](/-/media/websites/imf/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/weo0598/pdf/_0598toppdf.pdf.json) --- ### I. Methodology—Aggregation, Modeling, and Forecasting - World Economic Outlook - The Accuracy of World Economic OutlookProjections for the Major Industrial CountriesMay 1992, Annex VIII - Revised Weights for the World Economic OutlookMay 1993, Annex IV - Structural Budget Indicators for Major Industrial CountriesOctober 1993, Annex I - The New Balance of Payments ManualMay 1994, Box 13 - The Difficult Art of ForecastingOctober 1996, Annex I - World Current Account DiscrepancyOctober 1996, Annex III - Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for JapanOctober 1997, Box 2 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - An Extended Scenario and Forecast Adjustment Model for Developing Countries — Manmohan S. Kumar, Hossein Samiei, and Sheila BassettDecember 1993 - How Accurate Are the World Economic OutlookProjections? — Jose M. BarrionuevoDecember 1993 - Purchasing Power Parity Based Weights for the World Economic Outlook — Anne Marie Gulde and Marianne Schulze-GhattasDecember 1993 - How Accurate Are the IMF’s Short-Term Forecasts? Another Examination of the World Economic Outlook — Michael J. ArtisDecember 1997 - IMF’s Estimates of Potential Output: Theory and Practice — Paula R. De MasiDecember 1997 - Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries — Anthony G. Turner and Stephen GolubDecember 1997 ### II. Historical Surveys - World Economic Outlook - The Postwar Economic AchievementOctober 1994, Chapter VI - Non-Oil Commodity PricesOctober 1994, Box 10 - The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar ExperienceOctober 1996, Chapter VI ### III. Economic Growth—Sources and Patterns - World Economic Outlook - Convergence and Divergence in Developing CountriesMay 1993, Chapter IV - Trade as an Engine of GrowthMay 1993, Chapter VI - New Theories of Growth and TradeMay 1993, Box 9 - Why Are Some Developing Countries Failing to Catch Up?May 1994, Chapter IV - World Economic Outlook and Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook, Selected Topics, 1992–98 - The Postwar Economic AchievementOctober 1994, Chapter VI - Business Cycles and Potential OutputOctober 1994, Box 5 - Economic ConvergenceOctober 1994, Box 11 - Saving in a Growing World EconomyMay 1995, Chapter V - North-South R&D SpilloversMay 1995, Box 6 - Long-Term Growth Potential in the Countries in Transition October 1996, Chapter V - Globalization and the Opportunities for Developing CountriesMay 1997, Chapter IV - Measuring Productivity Gains in East Asian EconomiesMay 1997, Box 9 - The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange RatesMay 1998, Chapter III - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications — Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent KoenSeptember 1995 - Deindustrialization: Causes and Implications — Robert Rowthorn and Ramana RamaswamyDecember 1997 ### IV. Inflation and Deflation; Commodity Markets - World Economic Outlook - Asset Price Deflation, Balance Sheet Adjustment, and Financial FragilityOctober 1992, Annex I - Monetary Policy, Financial Liberalization, and Asset Price InflationMay 1993, Annex I - Price StabilityMay 1993, Box 2 - Oil Demand and Supply in the Medium TermMay 1993, Box 5 - Hyperinflation and Chronic InflationOctober 1993, Box 8 - The Impact of Lower Oil PricesMay 1994, Box 3 - Non-Oil Commodity PricesOctober 1994, Box 10 - Nonfuel Primary Commodity PricesOctober 1995, Box 2 - The Rise and Fall of Inflation—Lessons from Postwar ExperienceOctober 1996, Chapter VI - World Oil Market: Recent Developments and OutlookOctober 1996, Annex II - Inflation TargetsOctober 1996, Box 8 - Indexed Bonds and Expected InflationOctober 1996, Box 9 - Effects of High Inflation on Income DistributionOctober 1996, Box 10 - Central Bank Independence and InflationOctober 1996, Box 11 - Rising Petroleum Prices in 1996May 1997, Box 3 - Recent Developments in Primary Commodity MarketsMay 1998, Annex II - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - “Boom and Bust” in Asset Markets in the 1980s: Causes and Consequences — Garry J. Schinasi and Monica HargravesDecember 1993 - Prices in the Transition: Ten Stylized Facts — Vincent Koen and Paula R. De MasiDecember 1997 ### V. Fiscal Policy - World Economic Outlook - Structural Budget Indicators for Major Industrial CountriesOctober 1993, Annex I - Economic Benefits of Reducing Military ExpenditureOctober 1993, Annex II - The TreuhandanstaltOctober 1993, Box 9 - Structural Fiscal Balances in Smaller Industrial CountriesMay 1995, Annex III - Can Fiscal Contraction Be Expansionary in the Short Run?May 1995, Box 2 - Pension Reform in Developing CountriesMay 1995, Box 11 - Effects of Increased Government Debt: Illustrative CalculationsMay 1995, Box 13 - Subsidies and Tax Arrears October 1995, Box 8 - Focus on Fiscal PolicyMay 1996 - The Spillover Effects of Government DebtMay 1996, Annex I - Uses and Limitations of Generational AccountingMay 1996, Box 5 - The European Union’s Stability and Growth PactOctober 1997, Box 3 - Progress with Fiscal Reform in Countries in TransitionMay 1998, Chapter V - Pension Reform in Countries in TransitionMay 1998, Box 10 - Transparency in Government OperationsMay 1998, Annex I - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - An International Comparison of Tax Systems in Industrial Countries — Enrique G. Mendoza, Assaf Razin, and Linda L. TesarDecember 1993 ### VI. Monetary Policy; Financial Markets; Flow of Funds - World Economic Outlook - Monetary Policy, Financial Liberalization, and Asset Price InflationMay 1993, Annex I - Chronology of Events in the Recent Crisis in the European Monetary System October 1993, Box 3 - Information Content of the Yield CurveMay 1994, Annex II - Saving in a Growing World EconomyMay 1995, Chapter V - Saving and Real Interest Rates in Developing CountriesMay 1995, Box 10 - Financial Market Turmoil and Economic Policies in Industrial CountriesOctober 1995, Chapter III - Financial Liberalization in Africa and AsiaOctober 1995, Box 4 - Policy Challenges Facing Industrial Countries in the Late 1990sOctober 1996, Chapter III - Using the Slope of the Yield Curve to Estimate Lags in Monetary Transmission MechanismOctober 1996, Box 2 - Financial RepressionOctober 1996, Box 5 - Bank-Restructuring Strategies in the Baltic States, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union: Main Issues and Challenges October 1996, Box 7 - Monetary and Financial Sector Policies in Transition CountriesOctober 1997, Chapter V - DollarizationOctober 1997, Box 6 - Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications)December 1997 - Financial Crises: Characteristics and Indicators of VulnerabilityMay 1998, Chapter IV - The Role of Hedge Funds in Financial MarketsMay 1998, Box 1 - International Monetary System: Measures to Reduce the Risk of CrisesMay 1998, Box 3 - Resolving Banking Sector ProblemsMay 1998, Box 6 - Effective Banking Prudential Regulations and RequirementsMay 1998, Box 7 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - The Global Real Interest Rate — Thomas Helbling and Robert WescottSeptember 1995 - A Monetary Impulse Measure for Medium-Term Policy Analysis — Bennett T. McCallum and Monica HargravesSeptember 1995 - Saving Behavior in Industrial and Developing Countries — Paul R. Masson, Tamim Bayoumi, and Hossein SamieiSeptember 1995 ### VII. Labor Market Issues - World Economic Outlook - Fostering Job Creation, Growth, and Price Stability in Industrial CountriesMay 1994, Chapter III - Capital Formation and EmploymentMay 1995, Box 4 - Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMUOctober 1997, Annex II - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - Unemployment and Wage Dynamics in MULTIMOD — Leonardo Bartolini and Steve SymanskyDecember 1993 - Evaluating Unemployment Policies: What Do the Underlying Theories Tell Us? — Dennis J. SnowerSeptember 1995 - Institutional Structure and Labor Market Outcomes: Western Lessons for European Countries in Transition — Robert J. FlanaganSeptember 1995 - The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies — Matthew J. Slaughter and Phillip SwagelDecember 1997 - International Labor Standards and International Trade — Stephen GolubDecember 1997 ### VIII. Exchange Rate Issues - World Economic Outlook - Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in the European Monetary System)January 1993 - Recent Changes in the European Exchange Rate MechanismOctober 1993, Chapter III - Chronology of Events in the Recent Crisis in the European Monetary System October 1993, Box 3 - Striving for Stability: Realignment of the CFAFrancMay 1994, Box 8 - Currency Arrangements in the Former Soviet Union and Baltic CountriesMay 1994, Box 10 - Exchange-Rate-Based StabilizationMay 1994, Box 11 - Exchange Market Reforms in AfricaOctober 1994, Box 3 - Currency ConvertibilityOctober 1994, Box 7 - Currency Substitution in Transition EconomiesOctober 1994, Box 8 - Exchange Rate Effects of Fiscal ConsolidationOctober 1995, Annex - Exchange Rate Arrangements and Economic Performance in Developing CountriesOctober 1997, Chapter IV - Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United StatesOctober 1997, Box 4 - Currency BoardsOctober 1997, Box 5 - The Business Cycle, International Linkages, and Exchange RatesMay 1998, Chapter III - Evaluating Exchange RatesMay 1998, Box 5 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - Multilateral Unit-Labor-Cost-Based Competitiveness Indicators for Advanced, Developing, and Transition Countries — Anthony G. Turner and Stephen GolubDecember 1997 ### IX. External Payments, Trade, Capital Movements, and Foreign Debt - World Economic Outlook - Trade as an Engine of GrowthMay 1993, Chapter VI - New Theories of Growth and TradeMay 1993, Box 9 - Is the Debt Crisis Over?October 1993, Box 5 - The Uruguay Round: Results and ImplicationsMay 1994, Annex I - The New Balance of Payments ManualMay 1994, Box 13 - The Recent Surge in Capital Flows to Developing CountriesOctober 1994, Chapter IV - Currency ConvertibilityOctober 1994, Box 7 - Trade Among the Transition CountriesOctober 1995, Box 7 - World Current Account DiscrepancyOctober 1996, Annex III - Capital Inflows to Developing and Transition Countries— Identifying Causes and Formulating Appropriate Policy ResponsesOctober 1996, Annex IV - Globalization—Opportunities and ChallengesMay 1997 - Moral Hazard and IMF LendingMay 1998, Box 2 - The Current Account and External SustainabilityMay 1998, Box 8 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - Foreign Direct Investment in the World Economy — Edward M. GrahamSeptember 1995 ### X. Regional Issues - World Economic Outlook - The Maastricht Agreement on Economic and Monetary UnionMay 1992, Annex II - Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in the European Monetary System)January 1993 - Chronology of Events in the Recent Crisis in the European Monetary SystemOctober 1993, Box 3 - Economic Performance and Financing Needs in AfricaOctober 1993, Box 6 - Stabilization and Economic Reform in the Baltic CountriesOctober 1993, Box 7 - Adjustment and Recovery in Latin America and the CaribbeanMay 1994, Annex III - European Economic IntegrationOctober 1994, Annex I - Adjustment in Sub-Saharan AfricaMay 1995, Annex II - Macroeconomic and Structural Adjustment in the Middle East and North AfricaMay 1996, Annex II - Stabilization and Reform of Formerly Centrally Planned Developing Economies in East AsiaMay 1997, Box 10 - EMU and the World EconomyOctober 1997, Chapter III - Implications of Structural Reforms Under EMUOctober 1997, Annex II - The European Union’s Stability and Growth PactOctober 1997, Box 3 - Asymmetric Shocks: European Union and the United StatesOctober 1997, Box 4 - Interim Assessment (Focus on Crisis in Asia—Regional and Global Implications)December 1997 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - The Design of EMU — David BeggDecember 1997 ### XI. Country-Specific Analyses - World Economic Outlook - Voucher Privatization in the Czech and Slovak Federal RepublicOctober 1992, Box 2 - Currency Reform in EstoniaOctober 1992, Box 3 - Economic Reforms, Growth, and Trade in ChinaMay 1993, Box 4 - Economic Arrangements for the Czech-Slovak BreakupMay 1993, Box 6 - India’s Economic ReboundOctober 1993, Box 1 - Japan’s Trade SurplusOctober 1993, Box 2 - The TreuhandanstaltOctober 1993, Box 9 - Adjustment and Recovery in Latin America and the CaribbeanMay 1994, Annex III - Poland’s Economic ReboundMay 1994, Box 9 - Foreign Direct Investment in ChinaOctober 1994, Box 6 - Factors Behind the Financial Crisis in MexicoMay 1995, Annex I - New Zealand’s Structural Reforms and Economic RevivalMay 1995, Box 3 - Brazil and KoreaMay 1995, Box 5 - The Output Collapse in RussiaMay 1995, Box 8 - Foreign Direct Investment in EstoniaMay 1995, Box 9 - September 1995 Economic Stimulus Packages in JapanOctober 1995, Box 1 - Uganda: Successful Adjustment Under Difficult CircumstancesOctober 1995, Box 3 - Changing Wage Structures in the Czech RepublicOctober 1995, Box 6 - Resolving Financial System Problems in JapanMay 1996, Box 3 - New Zealand’s Fiscal Responsibility ActMay 1996, Box 4 - Deindustrialization and the Labor Market in SwedenMay 1997, Box 7 - Ireland Catches UpMay 1997, Box 8 - Foreign Direct Investment Strategies in Hungary and KazakhstanMay 1997, Box 12 - China—Growth and Economic ReformsOctober 1997, Annex I - Alternative Exchange Rate Assumptions for JapanOctober 1997, Box 2 - Hong Kong, China: Economic Linkages and Institutional ArrangementsOctober 1997, Box 9 - Russia’s Fiscal ChallengesMay 1998, Box 9 - Staff Studies for the World Economic Outlook - How Large Was the Output Collapse in Russia? Alternative Estimates and Welfare Implications — Evgeny Gavrilenkov and Vincent KoenSeptember 1995 ### World Economic Outlook: publication and series information - The World Economic Outlook, published twice a year in English, French, Spanish, and Arabic, presents IMF staff economists’ analyses of global economic developments during the near and medium term. Chapters give an overview of the world economy; consider issues affecting industrial countries, developing countries, and economies in transition to the market; and address topics of pressing current interest. - ISSN 0256-6877. - $36.00 (academic rate: $25.00); paper. - 1998 (May). ISBN 1-55775-740-2. Stock #WEO-198. - 1997 (Dec.). ISBN 1-55775-714-3 (English only). Stock #WEO-1797. - 1997 (Oct.). ISBN 1-55775-681-3. Stock #WEO-297. ### World Economic and Financial Surveys series information and ordering - Series ISSN 0258-7440 contains biannual, annual, and periodic studies covering monetary and financial issues of importance to the global economy. Core elements: the World Economic Outlook report (usually May and October) and the annual report on International Capital Markets. - Available by series subscription or single title (including back issues); academic rate available only to full-time university faculty and students. - International Monetary Fund, Publication Services, 700 19th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20431, U.S.A. - Tel.: (202) 623-7430 Telefax: (202) 623-7201 - E-mail: publications@imf.org - Internet: http://www.imf.org *Content compiled from the provided document (_0598toppdf).* --- _Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/websites/imf/imported-flagship-issues/external/pubs/ft/weo/weo0598/pdf/_0598toppdf.pdf_