## _cr06303 ## Source details **Canonical URL:** [_cr06303](https://www.imf.org/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/scr/2006/_cr06303.pdf) ## Other formats - [Markdown version](/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/scr/2006/_cr06303.pdf.md) - [Structured JSON version](/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/scr/2006/_cr06303.pdf.json) --- ### Poverty evolution - National poverty incidence and trend: - 2002: 80.7 percent - 2004: 72.1 percent - 2005: 68.9 percent - Overall poverty incidence in 2005: decreased to 72.1% from 68.7% in 2004 (table of contents note) and elsewhere reported as 68.9 percent (table excerpt). - Urban/rural split (selected figures): - Rural poverty rate: 75.3% - Urban poverty rate: 52% - Urban: 43,9 61,6 53,7 52,0 (as presented) - Rural: 77,2 86,4 77,3 73,5 (as presented) - Poverty by household characteristics: - Households of 2 to 4 people: poverty incidence 50.22 percent - Households of 8 to 10 people: poverty incidence 88.2 percent - Singleton households (P0): urban 10.15, rural 18.18, The whole 15.96 - Vulnerable occupational groups: - Small scale farm operators: poverty ratio 78.3 percent; poverty intensity 31.4 percent - Unskilled worker: P0 urban 52.6, rural 72.5, national 63.2; P1 urban 17.3, rural 28.6, national 23.3 - Laborer: P0 urban 75.0, rural 75.9, national 75.6; P1 urban 31.5, rural 29.1, national 29.9 - Independent workers: P0 urban 46.6, rural 64.7, national 56.0; P1 urban 15.6, rural 24.8, national 20.4 - Total (all socioeconomic groups): P0 urban 52.0, rural 73.5, national 68.8; P1 urban 19.3, rural 28.9, national 26.8; P2 urban 9.4, rural 14.5, national 13.4 - Household perceptions and living-standard dynamics: - National (2005): Live comfortably 0.3 percent; Live moderately 18.9 percent; Have to be careful 33.1 percent; In difficulty 47.7 percent - Capital city: Live comfortably 0.5 percent; Live moderately 42.0 percent; Have to be careful 35.5 percent; In difficulty 22.0 percent - Rural: Live comfortably 0.2 percent; Live moderately 16.2 percent; Have to be careful 33.0 percent; In difficulty 50.6 percent - Subjective quintile distribution nationally: Very wealthy 0.1 percent; Moderately wealthy 3.2 percent; Average 35.6 percent; Moderately poor 40.4 percent; Very poor 20.7 percent - 22 percent of households obliged to be indebted; 30 percent drew from savings; 34 percent declare income barely sufficient; 86 percent described as "fighting to survive" - Evolution of living standard in last year: More than 41 percent affirmed deterioration; more than 40 percent reported status quo; less than 18 percent reported improvement - Opinions about country’s future (2005): - Optimistic 35.4 percent; No change 20.5 percent; Pessimistic 18.4 percent; Don’t know 23.3 percent; Don’t express their view 2.4 percent - Optimism by consumption quintile: Poorest quintile optimistic 25.5 percent; Richest ones optimistic 42.2 percent - Optimism by education level of household head: Uneducated 23.7 percent; Primary 37.1 percent; Secondary 44.3 percent; Tertiary 48.4 percent ### Economic and financial analysis (macro outcomes, prices, external, fiscal, monetary) - Growth, investment, sectoral performance: - Economic growth rate in 2005: 4.6% (projection was 7%) - GDP growth rate series (table): 6.7-12.7 9.8 5.3 4.6 (as presented) - Total investments: 22.4% of GDP in 2005 (24.3% in 2004) - Private investments: 12.3% of GDP in 2005 (12.2% in 2004) - Public investments: 10.1% of GDP in 2005 (12.5% in 2004) - Private investment in Ariary / ratio indicators: Investment rate is 12.37% out of an objective of 14%; amount of private investments (in MGA Millions): 3,600 (2004) → 3,160 (2005 Achievement) - Tertiary sector production increased by 6.1% and contributed most to GDP growth - Inflation and prices: - Inflation rate in 2005: 11.5% (elsewhere year-on-year December 2005: 11.4%) - 2004 recorded consumer price increase of about 27% year-on-year - Average CPI change between 2004 and 2005: 18.4%; CPI difference at the beginning of 2005 compared to 2004 average: 12.8% - Exchange rate and external sector: - At end-2005, national currency depreciated by about 7.2% against the Euro and the dollar (text elsewhere: depreciated by 0.9% against the euro and by 15.5% against the dollar; annual average EURO: 11 601,6 (2004) vs 12 441,1 (2005); DOLLAR annual average: 9 344,3 (2004) vs 10 015,1 (2005)) - MID continuous established in July 2004; monthly average transactions: Euro 116.7 million in 2005 versus 95.3 million in 2004 (increase of 22.5%) - Export revenues recorded a 20.7% decrease in SDR terms compared to 2004; export values (SDR Millions): 2004 = 669.11; 2005 Achievements = 571.66 - Volume of exports (base 100): 163.1 in 2003; 182.7 in 2004; 198.0 in 2005 - Current account balance (including official transfers): deteriorated from 10.8% of GDP in 2004 to 11.9% in 2005 - Foreign external reserves: equivalent of 2.9 months of import - Public finance outcomes and budget execution: - Ratio of revenue to GDP: 10.1% in 2005 (no improvement compared to 2004) - Ratio of total expenditures to GDP: declined to 21.2% in 2005 (compared to 25.9% in 2004) - Budget deficit on a commitment basis: - 4.7% of GDP (versus -5.1% of GDP in 2004) - Key table figures 2004 vs 2005 (exact entries preserved): - Total revenue and grants: 1 653.4 (21.0% GDP) vs 1 682.3 (16.7% GDP) - Tax revenue: 887.1 (11.2% GDP) vs 1 020.0 (10.1% GDP) - Grants: 671.1 (8.5% GDP) vs 579.5 (5.7% GDP) - Total expenditure: 2 045.3 (25.9% GDP) vs 2 144.2 (21.2% GDP) - Deficit on commitment basis: -400.6 (5.1% GDP) vs -470.4 (4.7% GDP) - GDP at market prices: 7 889.1 (100.0) in 2004 vs 10 095.2 (100.0) in 2005 - Money, credit, banking: - Outstanding claims of banks on the economy progressed by 22.4% in 2005 - Monetary survey (billion Ariary; 2004 vs 2005; change in %): - ASSETS total: 2213,0 vs 2374,7 change 7,3 - Net external position: 892,9 vs 968,5 change 8,5 - Net credits to Government: 501,4 vs 404,7 change -19,3 - Credits on economy: 818,7 vs 1001,5 change 22,3 - LIABILITIES total: 2213,0 vs 2374,7 change 7,3 - Broad Money M3: 2111,3 vs 2171,9 change 2,9 - Quasi-money liabilities: 330,8 vs 392,8 change 18,7 - Other items nets: 101,7 vs 202,8 change 99,4 ### Strategy costs, financing, and budget execution (2005) - Total cost of implementing the strategy in 2005 (total non salary expenditures): 1,437 billion Ariary (also presented as Ariary 1,437.0 billion) - Allocation by axis: - Governance: 16% (Governance total Ariary 224.7 billion) - Economic growth: 58% (Economic growth total Ariary 840.2 billion) - Social protection, human and material security: 26% (Social protection total Ariary 372.1 billion) - Budget allocation and commitment performance (Table 21 summary, selected exact figures): - PROGRAM TOTAL OF GOVERNANCE: TOTAL: 141,804,189,600; COMMITTED TOTAL: 138,968,420,401; RATE: 98.0 - TOTAL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: TOTAL: 840,231,073,886; COMMITTED TOTAL: 914,206,565,558; RATE: 108.8 - SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAM TOTAL: TOTAL: 372,129,059,581; COMMITTED TOTAL: 266,058,726,124; RATE: 71.5 - TOTAL OF OVERALL PROGRAM: TOTAL: 1,354,164,323,067; COMMITTED TOTAL: 1,319,233,712,083; RATE: 97.4 - Commitments and execution: - Commitments of non salary expenditures provisionally estimated at 97.3% of resources planned for 2005 - Local governance program commitment rate: 107.5% (development activities in communes and regions at 176.2%, budget/accounting management at 99.8%) - Economic growth axis commitment rate: 108.8% (strong contribution from development of key growth sectors, rural development, private sector development, infrastructure) - Social protection axis provisional commitment rate: 71.5% (stronger contribution in sub-programs: social protection, human and material security, valorization of cultural diversity) - External financing of investments (commitments in 2005, in Ariary): - Capital subsidies: Open Credit 338 860 000 000; Commitments 438 519 612 000; Rate 129,4% - Loan funds: Open Credit 363 260 000 000; Commitments 346 126 440 000; Rate 95,3% - Other public loans: Open Credit 8 000 000 000; Commitments 14 948 000; Rate 0,2% - Total: Open Credit 710 120 000 000; Commitments 784 661 000 000; Rate 110,5% ### Implementation highlights: Governance, Economy, Social (selected sector results) - Governance: - Anti-corruption: national strategy updated (2005–2007), establishment/extension of BIANCO, annual national polling started - Civil service reform: VOY RINDRA operation distributed 150,000 questionnaires; 108,429 captured - Elections: Revision of election lists achieved in 107 out of 116 Districts (92% achievement); regularization of birth judgments 30,009 (30% of objective 112,101) - Justice: pending cases cleared among lower Courts leading to positive results (96%) - Economy and production sectors: - Tourism: number of tourists increased (2005 Achievement 277,000 vs 250,000 objective); new jobs created 1,322 (2005 Achievement) - Mining: Mining investments (US$ Millions) 542 (2005 Achievement); mining royalties collected increased (objective exceeded); mineral substance export value 104 (2005 Achievement) - Fishery: royalties/fees increased by 64% between 2004 and 2005; fishing production volume figures being collated - Manufacturing industries: EPZ investments grew close to 33% compared with 2004; licensed EPZ companies declined; Export Processing Zone firms created 9,335 jobs (sector note) - Agriculture: rice production volume (T): 3.030.000 → 3.420.000 (2005). Rice yield (t/ha): 2,42 → 2,57 (2005). Bovine anthrax vaccination rate: 78% (2005) - Environment: surface of protected areas (ha) reached 1,050,000 (2005 Achievement) - Energy: electricity access rate was 25.31% in 2005 - Social sectors: - Education: net enrolment (6–10) entries include 64.9 70.0 82.0 97 98.0 (as presented); number of classrooms built/rehabilitated: 1,423 (69.4%) - Health: DTC3 immunization rate increased to 87 (as presented); DTC/Hepatitis B3 coverage 75.1 → 87 (2005 Achievement); delivery rate with professional assistance in CSBs reported variably (examples: 28.04, 26.10, 27.10, 19.7, 28.5, 29.9) - Nutrition: National Community based Nutrition Program started as pilot among 110 sites; Vitamin A and de-worming achievements strong (Vitamin A: Objective 602,441; Achievement 3,074,695) - Water and sanitation: 39,6% of population has access to protected water in 2005; in 2005 close to 51.5% of population have a toilet; number of functional drinking water supply systems: Objective 300; Achievement 243 (81%) - Safety nets: FID and other programs created part time job-days at scale (selected program figures preserved in source) - Regional implementation (synthesis of workshops): - Noted achievements in decentralization, security (e.g., cattle recovery rates up to 96.5% in Mahajanga), agricultural productivity improvements (rice production increases in several regions), and expansion of telecommunication coverage and tourism arrivals ### Main recommendations (priority policy actions) - Cross-cutting: - Continue inter-ministry coordination and capacity building at Presidency, Prime Minister’s Office, MEFB, Ministries, and Regions - Clarify missions, roles and institutional responsibilities; appoint sector Leaders where appropriate; establish inter-ministry database within State Intranet - Orientation 1 — Governance and Rule of Law: - Elaborate a national integrated defense/security policy involving at least five Ministries - Attach institutional, legal, technical, and financial schemes to the Policy - Mainstream security in national, regional, commune development programs - Strengthen CTD means and implement capacity building plan for decentralization/deconcentration - Orientation 2 — Production and Economy: - Improve inter-ministry coordination for sectoral policy and public investment project implementation - Use Land Management Master Plans for infrastructure coordination - Develop and implement Public/Private Partnership work plan; strengthen private operators’ technical and financial capacities in priority sectors (infrastructure, rural development, energy, tourism) - Orientation 3 — Social aspects: - Prioritize support to social ministries for programming, management, monitoring and evaluation capacity building and financing-needs assessment - Develop public/private partnership strategies to ensure sustainability of social infrastructure investments - For health: simplify procedures and build capacity in deconcentrated services to improve budget execution performance ### Monitoring and evaluation (operations, lessons, and outlook) - Institutional arrangements and processes: - PRSP monitoring coordinated by the Technical Adjustment Secretariat (STA) with INSTAT, Directorate General of Economy, Directorate General of Planning - Thematic groups met quarterly in 2005; biannual regional workshops organized (February–March 2005 and August–September 2005) - PRSP implementation reports prepared: annual 2004 (June 2005), semester 2005 (November 2005), regional reports (May and September 2005) - Lessons learnt and challenges: - Periodic workshops improved data collection and ownership but monitoring capacity in Ministries and Regions remains limited - Only some Ministries have Regional Directorates; most Regions lack operational monitoring structures - Need to harmonize indicators, validate costing, and set up a committee including INSTAT, Directorate of Planning, STA and involved Ministries - Financing allocated to STA and INSTAT does not cover programmed monitoring actions; capacity building and standardization of tools required - Plan elements for operational regional monitoring: - Harmonize Vision, PRSP, Business Plans, annual work plans, and PRSP support programs; set up regional monitoring cells linked to deconcentrated services and STA ### Key quantitative targets and indicators (selected table entries preserved) - Under-five child mortality (per 1,000): 130.0 128.0 94.0 (years shown in table) - Net enrolment rate (6–10): 64.9 70.0 82.0 97 98.0 (as presented) - DTC3 Immunization rate (under 1 year): 61.5 73.3 75.1 87 (as presented) - Primary school completion rate: 35.0 35.0 39.5 47.0 60 (as presented) - Literacy rate (15+): 57 57.2 57.0 56.1 (table values); narrative: In 2005, literacy rate among individuals aged 15+ is 62.9 percent versus 59.2 percent - Number of telephone connections (fixed and cellular) per 1,000 inhabitants: 20 21.0 22.6 23.3 25.4 (as presented) - Selected budget/execution targets: MENRES budget share to EPPs sequence: 53.0 58.0 54.3 60.0 64.0 67.0 66.0 (as presented) - Drug availability rate in CSBs (selected): Chloroquine or equivalent sequence (as presented): 89.9 95.0 96.0 90.0 56.0 91.7 90.0 90.0 ### Concluding paradigms and transition - PRSP implementation (close to two and a half years) increased PHYSICAL and HUMAN CAPITAL and expanded physical and economic infrastructure but growth benefits were unevenly distributed due to lack of targeting - Private sector contribution remains relatively weak despite progress in privileged areas/sectors - Transition to Madagascar Action Plan (MAP) starting in year 2007: capitalize PRSP achievements and improve public policy analysis, medium-term macro-economic support, program coordination, costing and prioritization, clarification of monitoring-evaluation institutional arrangements, and reinforcement of institutional capacities for the budgetary process at central, regional and communal levels *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (excerpt).* ### EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... ### _cr06303 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... ### Poverty evolution - Section 2 addresses "POVERTY EVOLUTION" with subsections: - Poverty Status (2.1), including: - Poverty Incidence and intensity (2.1.1) - Poverty Indicators according to household characteristics (2.1.2) - Opinions expressed by households about their living conditions (2.2), including: - Depending on the location of the residence (2.2.1) - Subjective Classification in quintile of standard of living (2.2.2) - Financial Situation of the Households (2.2.3) - Evolution of the Standard of living for the last year (2.2.4) - The Opinion of Households regarding the Future of the Country (2.2.5) - Evolution of main indicators for monitoring of poverty (2.3) ### Economic and financial analysis - Section 3 provides "ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS" covering: - Economic and Financial Results (3.1), with detailed subsections: - Economic Growth and Prices (3.1.1) - Public Finance (3.1.2) - Money and Credit (3.1.3) - External Trade (3.1.4) - Market and Exchange Rate (3.1.5) - Costing and Financing of the Strategy (3.2), including: - Budget Allocation for the Implementation of the Strategy (3.2.1) - Budget Execution over the Year 2005 (3.2.2) - Conclusion (3.2.3) ### Main measures of social and economic reforms - Section 4 presents "THE MAIN MEASURES OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC REFORMS" organized by three axes: - Axis 1: Governance (4.1) - Axis 2: Production and Economy (4.2) - Axis 3: Social Aspects (4.3) ### Implementation of the FIFTEEN PRSP PROGRAMS - Section 5 details implementation of "THE FIFTEEN PRSP PROGRAMS" across three pillars: - Governance (5.1) — Programs and subprograms include: - Program 1. Governance and anti- corruption program (5.1.1) with subprograms: Fight against Corruption; Civil Service Reform (5.1.1.1–5.1.1.2) - Axis 2. Governance and observance of the democracy (5.1.2) with subprograms: Reliability of the election operations; Citizen Participation (5.1.2.1–5.1.2.2) - Program 3. Governance and legally constituated state (5.1.3) with multiple administrative and sectoral subprograms (5.1.3.1–5.1.3.7) - Program 4. Local Governance (5.1.4) including De concentration (5.1.4.2) - Performance of large projects (5.1.5) - Economy (5.2) — Key programs include: - Program 5. Macroeconomic Stability and Growth (5.2.1) with subprogram Economy and budget (5.2.1.1) - Program 6. Development of Key Growth Sectors (5.2.2) with subprograms: Tourism; Mining; Fishery; Manufacturing Industries (5.2.2.1–5.2.2.4) - Program 7. Rural Development (5.2.3) with Agriculture and Livestock; Environment, Water, and Forests (5.2.3.1–5.2.3.2) - Program 8. The Development and the Revitalization of the Private Sector (5.2.4) - Program 9. Development and Intensification of Structuring Infrastructure (5.2.5) with subprograms: Transports, Roads, and Meteorology; Land Management; Energy; Post, Telecommunication and Communication (5.2.5.1–5.2.5.4) - Program 10. Opening to the Global Competition (5.2.6) with subprograms: international Relations; Trade (5.2.6.1–5.2.6.2) - Performances of large projects (5.2.7) - Social aspects (5.3) — Programs include: - Program 11. Development of educational level of the population and the research (5.3.1) with Fundamental Education; Post- Fundamental Education; Research (5.3.1.1–5.3.1.3) - Program 12. Development of Population Health (5.3.2) with Health; Family Planning; STD/HIV AIDS; Ethics; Nutrition (5.3.2.1–5.3.2.5) - Program 13. Improvement of Access to Drinking Water and to Sanitation (5.3.3) with Drinking Water and Sanitation (5.3.3.1) - Program 14. Reduction of exclusion, and Social protection (5.3.4) with Non formal Education; Social Protection; Population and Social Development; Safety Nets; Response to shocks (5.3.4.1–5.3.4.5) - Program 15. Promotion of Cultural Diversity (5.3.5) with Culture; Youth; Sports (5.3.5.1–5.3.5.3) - Performances of Large Projects (5.3.6) - The document includes a "2005 PRSP Progress Report" marker within the implementation section. ### Synthesis of regional workshops - Section 6: SYNTHESIS OF REGIONAL WORKSHOPS (6) ### Main recommendations - Section 7: MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS structured by three orientations: - Orientation 1: Governance and Rule of Law (7.1) - Main Constraints (7.1.1) - Major Recommendations (7.1.2) - Orientation 2: Production and Economy (7.2) - Main constraints (7.2.1) - Major Recommendations (7.2.2) - Orientation 3: Social aspects (7.3) - Main Constraints (7.3.1) - Major Recommendations (7.3.2) ### Monitoring and evaluation - Section 8: MONITORING AND EVALUATION includes: - Actions completed in monitoring work (8.1) with actions undertaken by the Government and institutions; Quarterly Workshops for Thematic Groups; Regional Workshops in Faritany; PRSP Implementation Reports (8.1.1–8.1.4) - Having an Operational PRSP Implementation Monitoring System (8.2), including: - Lessons learnt (8.2.1) covering What was gained from the process; Improvements brought about; Implementing the PRSP at regional level: stakes and challenges (8.2.1.1–8.2.1.3) - Challenges (8.2.2) *Executive Summary (table of contents) of the PRSP Progress Report* ### 9. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... ### 9. CONCLUSION ### Introduction - PRSP updated in June 2005 to reflect Vision Madagascar Naturally (Madagascar Naturellement) and la Politique Generale de l’Etat (PGE). - Institutional changes: establishment of the 22 Regions and implementation of program budgets. - PRSP monitoring coordinated by the Technical Adjustment Secretariat (PRSP Technical Unit) via a participatory process: thematic workshops quarterly at national level and technical meetings every six months at regional level. - Implementation reports produced regularly every six months and annually since July 2003. - Fifteen programs identified in the updated PRSP; programs are subdivided into sub-programs with specific indicators, actions, and interim indicators. - Purpose of the 2005 monitoring report: provide information on evolution of poverty and poverty monitoring indicators; analyze achievements, results, and indicator evolution relative to defined objectives; inform recommendations and decision making for policy and strategy adjustment. ### Poverty status and poverty indicator analysis - Overall poverty incidence in 2005: - Poverty incidence reported as decreased to 72.1% from 68.7% in 2004. - Urban/rural split: - Rural poverty rate: 75.3%. - Urban poverty rate: 52%. - Regions most affected (rates close to 80%): Atsimo Atsinanana, Vatovavy Fitovinany, Androy. - Rural regions reported as least poor: Analamanga, Boeny, Alaotra Mangoro. - Distributional and price effects: - Economic growth between 2004 and 2005 benefited both rural and urban populations; impact more significant in rural areas due to an increase in producer price of food items. - Urban areas were more affected by significant price increases. - Household perceptions and subjective indicators: - Almost half of the population state they are "in difficulty," especially in rural areas. - 41% of households affirm their standard of living deteriorated over the last year. - More than 40% of households declared a status quo in their standard of living. - A slight decrease noted in the "rate of optimism" between 2004 and 2005. - Percentage of households optimistic about the country’s future increases with the consumption quintile and the education level of the head of household. ### Economic and financial analysis - Macro outcomes in 2005: - Economic growth rate: 4.6% (projection was 7%). - Private investment: 12.3% of GDP (compared to 12.2% last year). - Tertiary sector production increased by 6.1% and contributed most to GDP growth. - Inflation rate in 2005: 11.5%. - 2004 recorded consumer price increase of about 27% year-on-year. - Relative price and exchange rate stability attributed to tight monetary policy and decrease in rice price. - Exchange rate and currency: - At end-2005, national currency depreciated by about 7.2% against the Euro and the dollar. - In 2004, depreciation was about 67% and 53% respectively. - Establishment of the continuous MID (foreign exchange inter-bank market) in 2004 is starting to yield consequential results, though currency supply remains insufficient. - External sector and trade: - Export revenues recorded a 20.7% decrease in SDR terms compared to 2004. - Main causes cited: dismantling of the Multi Fiber Agreement and decline in the export price of vanilla. - Imports decreased compared to last year after removal of detaxation on capital goods and decrease in imports of consumption goods. - Fiscal outcomes: - Ratio of revenue to GDP: 10.1% (no improvement compared to 2004 despite collection efforts and strengthened measures). - Ratio of total expenditures to GDP: declined to 21.2% in 2005 (compared to 25.9% in 2004). - Budget deficit on a commitment basis: - 4.7% of GDP (versus -5.1% of GDP in 2004). ### Strategy costs and financing - Total cost of implementing the strategy in 2005 (measured by total non salary expenditures): 1,437 billion Ariary. - Allocation by axis: - Governance: 16%. - Economic growth: 58%. - Social protection, human and material security: 26%. - Commitments and execution: - Commitments of non salary expenditures provisionally estimated at 97.3% of resources planned for 2005. - Governance axis: expenditures planned were committed up to 96.9% of the open credit amount. - Local governance program commitment rate: 107.5%. - Performance drivers: development activities in communes and regions at 176.2%, improvements in budget management and accounting of local governments at 99.8%. - Economic growth axis (with broadened social basis): resources were committed up to 108.8% of the open credit amount. - Strong contribution from programs: development of key growth sectors, rural development, private sector development, and infrastructure development. - Social protection, human and material security axis: provisional commitment rate estimated at 71.5% of the open credit amount in 2005. - Stronger contribution within this axis for the three sub-programs: social protection, human and material security, and valorization of cultural diversity. *IMF staff report (2005 PRSP Progress Report), conclusion section.* ### 4. Implementation of the Fifteen PRSP Programs ### 4. Implementation of the Fifteen PRSP Programs ### Governance - Anti-corruption: CSLCC and BIANCO collaborated to establish the anti-corruption strategy oriented towards expanding economic sectors. - Civil service reform: Operation VOY RINDRA launched for classification of posts, harmonization of treatments, and setting up of a skill database. - Democracy: Actions to make electoral operations reliable are under way through non-mandatory rulings and preparation of election lists; the decree setting up the organization and modalities of functioning of the National Election Council [Conseil National Electoral (CNE)] is adopted. Civic education programs conducted and journalists trained. - Rule of Law: - Civil protection: contingency plans made available to Regions, Communes, and Districts; risk and disaster management committees established for cyclone vulnerability reduction. - Administration: establishment of a manual of procedures, improvement of means of working, and computerization of the working system. - Work environment: National Employment Policy adopted; National Monitoring Committee for the National Employment Policy and Poverty Reduction set up and operational. - Security and defense: strengthening of material means and capacities; crime rate manifestly decreased; reductions noted in offences on immigration and emigration, arms, drugs and alcohol traffic, road insecurity and people safety; confidence among rural population improved. - Justice: - Administrative and Financial Courts set up in the 6 main towns of province (Faritany); decentralization effort and effective budget control and legality advanced. - Controls intensified in 2005 for corruption prevention. - Pending cases cleared among the lower Courts of Antananarivo, Toamasina, Fianarantsoa, and Antsiranana, leading to positive results (96%). Ambulant hearings remain insufficient. - Local Governance (gouvernance de proximité): consolidation of decentralization through capacity building of officials in regions and communes on leadership, management, and regional planning; financial resources allocated to communes enhanced; deconcentration: administration services currently effective across the whole national territory. ### Economy - Macroeconomic stability and growth: - Growth objective not reached. - Low performance of the tax revenue to GDP ratio. - Power outages, JIRAMA cash flow problems, and oil price increases disrupted economic activity. - Measures taken to reduce the public expenditure deficit. - JIRAMA: preparation for implementation of the management contract with Lahmeyer and elaboration of the recovery plan with short, medium and long term investment plans. - Government allocated significant budgets to the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health in line with poverty reduction commitments. - Expanding sectors: - Tourism: promotion of Madagascar as a destination, identification of new tourist sites, creation of new infrastructure; positive results include increase in operational rooms, new jobs created, increased tourist arrivals and foreign exchange revenues; standardization, labeling, and certification of hotel facilities underway. - Mining: increases in amounts of investment in mining, collection of mining royalties and mining exports; enforcement actions reduced mineral substance smuggling via controls and unexpected visits seizing important quantities. - Fishery: fishing and aquaculture royalties increased by 64% between 2004 and 2005, exceeding the annual objective of 2%; contributed to soaring catches in 2004, high number of licenses issued, and impact of permit and royalties publications on a six months basis. - Manufacturing industries: dismantling of the Multi Fiber Agreement provoked regression in number of authorized Export Processing Zone enterprises; power outages in 2005 caused malfunctioning problems; investment objectives in Export Processing Zone firms achieved with creation of 9,335 jobs. - Rural Development Program (agriculture): - Satisfactory results: agriculture contests fulfilled, rehabilitation of hydro agricultural networks, access to credit and financing enabled positive results for agricultural output (3% to 6%) and increased agricultural production. - Export value of agricultural products decreased due to decrease in shrimp catch. - Land titling objectives almost achieved. - Livestock: vaccination rate for cattle against anthrax achieved at 78%. - Environment, water, and forest: - Objectives for 2005 achieved. - Monitoring and repression actions strengthened for good governance. - Communication campaign in main towns of the province (Faritany) contributed to the creation of 5 new protected areas with provisional status and an area of 1,050,000 ha. - Set up of 6 MECIE resource centers contributed to achieving objectives in issuance of environment permits (35). - Burnt areas decreased by 17% compared to 2002; deserving communes granted bonuses. - Private sector development, industry and trade: - Actions for securing investment, promoting investment, and developing partnerships produced positive results. - Investment rate is 12.37% out of an objective of 14%. - GUIDE firm setup objectives exceeded: 882 out of 820. - Delays recorded in execution of the program due to procedure problems in recruitment of officials. - Trade: decrease in export values due to declines in exports of vanilla and textile products. - Infrastructure and transport: - Rehabilitation of rural roads improved compared to 2004 but objectives for the year not achieved (65%). - National roads results decreased compared to 2004; objectives half reached. - Constraints: redeployment of personnel, expenditure regularization, restructuring of the Sector Transport Program (PST), and increases in prices of cement and laminates. - Positive results in maintenance of road networks and construction works. - Reform in the transport sector achieved at 65%; autonomous management of the port established; port concession management under way. - Meteorology: rehabilitation and modernization of physical infrastructure close to 75% at end 2005. - Territory management: - Satisfaction rate among population towards services provided is satisfactory. - Territory management tools provided to decentralized Local Governments; town planning completed by observing procedures. - Elaboration of the scheme for regional development postponed to 2006. - Energy: - Institutional and organizational reform established. - Electricity access rate was 25.31% in 2005. - Objectives for number of electrified villages not achieved. - Sector facing financing and equipment clearance problems. - Posts and telecommunication: - Postal service: number of savings “Tsinjolavitra” recorded a net improvement. - Telecommunication: production center feeding sixteen remote centers operational; computer equipment for them acquired. - National Optic Fiber Backbone work has started. - Pilot “Government Intranet” starting at the Ministry of Telecommunication, Post and Communications. - State portal site developed online. - RNM and TVM equipped with digital equipment in all Regions to improve program quality. - Opening to global competition: external exchanges intensified; Madagascar strengthened international presence and participation in regional cooperation. ### Social - Education and research: - Many classroom buildings constructed. - Enrolment rate improved due to reduction in schooling costs for families (school fees, kit) and subsidies to establishments. - Development of teaching staff yielded positive results in completion rate, pupil/teacher ratio, and repetition rate. - Health: - Vaccination coverage rate improved considerably and objectives exceeded due to advanced and mobile vaccination strategies in each district. - Despite construction and rehabilitation of Basic Health Centers (CSB), population per CSB ratio did not improve in 2005. - Objectives for increased rate in curative medicine consultation in CSBs were not achieved. - Objectives of availability of drugs in CSBs were achieved. - Recruitments completed; staff coverage achieved at 90%. - Family planning: - Actions to operationalize new PF sites and supply integrated products and essential drugs undertaken. - Objectives in contraceptive coverage rate were not achieved. - HIV/AIDS: - Establishment of Local anti-AIDS Council under way; sensitization among communes. - Awareness and information actions via television and radio broadcasting achieved. - Management of People Living with HIV/AIDS achieved. - Nutrition: - National Nutrition Office operational. - National Community based Nutrition Program validated and started as a pilot among 110 sites. - Actions such as de-worming, Vitamin A and iron Supplementation improved malnutrition prevalence (underweight). - Communication actions conducted across radio and television to intensify access to malnutrition prevention information. - Water and sanitation: - New construction works and new latrines built, improving access to drinking water and use of latrines. - Reduction of exclusion and social protection: - Numbers of literate people increased in non formal education. - Training of responsible officials and technicians in planning improved gender and development planning approaches. - Support to elderly people improved (green cards). - Non-mandatory rulings for birth registration increased considerably under the Program “Ezaka Kopia ho an’ny Ankizy” (EKA). - Safety nets and response to shocks: - Main results satisfactory relative to objectives for creating part time jobs, community based basic infrastructure, and income generating activities. - Cultural diversity and youth: - Objectives of supervising and mobilizing young vulnerable people achieved. - Construction and rehabilitation of sport facilities improved sports practice. - Cultural celebrations and participation in international events objectives achieved. ### 5. Main Recommendations - Overall constraint: execution of program budgets in 2005 delayed due to need to appoint and train new officials. - Governance: - Strengthen coordination among ministries to achieve governance objectives. - Security and defense: financial and technical resources insufficient; develop a national security and safety policy with participation of all relevant institutions (defense, public security, justice, interior, foreign affairs ...). - Strengthen means of local governments to avoid delays in decentralization/deconcentration; implement through a work plan integrating all ministries involved. - Justice: increase ambulant hearings taking account of current numbers. - Economy: - Strengthen inter-ministerial coordination in implementation of economic development programs (telecommunication, agro-industry, electrification); develop Master Management Plans for project coordination. - Strengthen private operators' capacities (roads, buildings, electrification). - External trade: find solution to dismantling of the Multi Fiber Agreement to boost Export Processing Zones; improve export revenues in vanilla and shrimps. - Road and transport: focus actions on reducing isolation; complete institutional reform process. - Post and telecommunication: accelerate procedures for connecting rural areas; boost savings to motivate savers. - Energy: improve electrification rate by increasing number of electrified villages and resolving financing and equipment clearance problems. - Social: - Address inadequacy of financial means; strengthen public/private partnerships to ensure sustainability of social infrastructure investments. - Health: continue efforts to improve CSB coverage and drug availability; direct family planning actions to improve contraceptive coverage rate especially in rural and remote areas. - Malnutrition prevention: strengthen integration of nutrition policy in development programs. ### 6. Monitoring & Evaluation System - Coordination and tools: - Monitoring evolved with experience acquired by the Technical Adjustment Secretariat (STA), which coordinates and facilitates the work. - Regular quarterly national workshops and six-monthly regional workshops helped Ministries, deconcentrated services and programs adopt the methodology and operational tools. - Collection of information and data quality improved, but strengthening of monitoring structures and capacity for analysis in Ministries is needed. - Efforts to harmonize and articulate operational tools at national level were undertaken and should continue across institutions: Prime Minister’s office, STA, General Planning Directorate, Public Investment Directorate, INSTAT. - Partnership and reviews: - Government relations with technical and financial partners formalized in a partnership framework. - Periodic joint reviews between both parties took place twice a year to discuss achievements, results, and new orientations. - Regional monitoring: - Plan for operational PRSP monitoring system at regional level proposed to regional officials. - Organizing regional PRSP monitoring workshops remains difficult because not all Ministries have an operational Regional Directorate and monitoring structure. - Actions needed for effective regional monitoring: standardization of approaches and working tools while considering regional specificities; establishment of regional monitoring structures; capacity building among officials. *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report — Implementation of the Fifteen PRSP Programs* ### 7. Conclusion ### 7. Conclusion ### Key paradigms after close to two and a half years of PRSP implementation - The PRSP implementation has left its mark on the landscape of the planning and programming process by bringing in a number of innovations in terms of conducting the development of the country by linking PARTICIPATION – PARTNERSHIP and RESULTS. - After implementing the PRSP for close to two and a half years, the following paradigms are worth highlighting: 1. The PRSP process has enabled a notable and tangible increase in the PHYSICAL and HUMAN CAPITAL of Madagascar, as many results and achievements were obtained in the country as a whole. The physical and economic infrastructure is expanding and this development contributes gradually to smoothing the deficits and imbalances within and between regions. 2. Nevertheless, despite the many achievements, the poverty reduction strategy which was conducted was not generally favorable to the poor people because the benefits of growth were rather kept by those who did not immediately need it, and this was due to a lack of targeting. This issue will have to be solved urgently so as to sustain the actions undertaken to benefit those who are truly needy. 3. Furthermore, despite the partnership process that was engaged, it seems that the contribution of the private sector as an engine of development remains relatively weak in spite of its effort in some privileged areas and sectors. ### Transition to Madagascar Action Plan (MAP) starting in year 2007 - The achievements of the PRSP process will be capitalized and improved within the framework of the process of Madagascar Action Plan (MAP) which will start in year 2007. It is a question of improving in particular: - the analysis of the public policies - the macro-economic policy in the medium term should support the objectives of development - the development and the coordination of the programs in order to improve their effectiveness - the evaluation of the needs in terms of means and costing - the prioritization of the actions of the governmental actions by taking into account the means and the risks of external shocks - the clarification of the institutional arrangements of the system of monitoring-evaluation, and - the reinforcement of the institutional capacities for budgetary process (formulation, execution, control) at the central, regional and communal levels. *Source: _cr06303 - 7. Conclusion* ### 2005. In urban areas, it remained stable but it decreased slightly in rural areas. It declined slightly in ### _cr06303 - 2005. In urban areas, it remained stable but it decreased slightly in rural areas. It declined slightly in ### Evolution of poverty indicators (national and regional) - National poverty rate (P0) and trend: - 2002: 80.7 percent - 2004: 72.1 percent - 2005: 68.9 percent - Madagascar (regional summary from Table 2): - The whole: 69,6 80,7 72,1 68,7 - Urban: 43,9 61,6 53,7 52,0 - Rural: 77,2 86,4 77,3 73,5 - Noted change in intensity of poverty in 2005: - The decrease in intensity assumes a decline in inequality in the distribution of consumption during the year 2005. - Regional/urban exceptions: - Urban Toliara intensity moved from 23.6 percent to 28.6 percent (an increase). ### Poverty by household characteristics and socioeconomic group - Poverty increases with household size: - Households of 2 to 4 people: poverty incidence 50.22 percent - Households of 8 to 10 people: poverty incidence 88.2 percent - Singleton households (P0): urban 10.15, rural 18.18, The whole 15.96 - Total (by household size, from Table 3): P0 urban 51.96, rural 73.48, The whole 68.75; P1 urban 19.34, rural 28.89, The whole 26.79; P2 urban 9.43, rural 14.5, The whole 13.39 - Vulnerable occupational groups (Table 4): - Small scale farm operators: poverty ratio 78.3 percent; poverty intensity 31.4 percent - Unskilled worker: P0 urban 52.6, rural 72.5, national 63.2; P1 urban 17.3, rural 28.6, national 23.3 - Laborer: P0 urban 75.0, rural 75.9, national 75.6; P1 urban 31.5, rural 29.1, national 29.9 - Independent workers: P0 urban 46.6, rural 64.7, national 56.0; P1 urban 15.6, rural 24.8, national 20.4 - Total (all socioeconomic groups): P0 urban 52.0, rural 73.5, national 68.8; P1 urban 19.3, rural 28.9, national 26.8; P2 urban 9.4, rural 14.5, national 13.4 - Gender of household head (Table 5): - All households (P0): Male 51.2 (urban) 73.8 (rural) 69.0 (national); Female 56.0 (urban) 71.4 (rural) 67.5 (national) - Households with more than 2 people (P0): Male 52.6 75.5 70.6; Female 61.5 77.2 73.3; The whole 53.9 75.7 71.0 ### Household perceptions, financial situation, and living-standard dynamics - Self-reported difficulty and living conditions (Table 6 / Table 7): - National (2005): Live comfortably 0.3 percent; Live moderately 18.9 percent; Have to be careful 33.1 percent; In difficulty 47.7 percent - Capital city: Live comfortably 0.5 percent; Live moderately 42.0 percent; Have to be careful 35.5 percent; In difficulty 22.0 percent - Rural: Live comfortably 0.2 percent; Live moderately 16.2 percent; Have to be careful 33.0 percent; In difficulty 50.6 percent - Subjective quintile classification (Table 8): - National distribution: Very wealthy 0.1 percent; Moderately wealthy 3.2 percent; Average 35.6 percent; Moderately poor 40.4 percent; Very poor 20.7 percent - Regions with high self-classification as “very poor”: Menabe 34.3 percent; Sofia 37.8 percent - Financial coping and vulnerability (Table 9 and narrative): - 22 percent of households are obliged to be indebted to satisfy their needs - 30 percent of households drew from their savings - 34 percent declare that their income is barely sufficient to satisfy their needs - 86 percent of Malagasy households are described as "fighting to survive" - Regions with particularly severe financial distress: Sofia, Atsimo Atsinanana, Amoron’i Mania (more than nine households out of ten declare very delicate financial situation); Menabe and Atsimo Atsinanana have indebtedness close to 45 percent - Evolution of household living standard (Table 10 and narrative): - More than 41 percent of households affirmed that their situation deteriorated in the course of the last year - More than 40 percent mentioned a status quo (stable) - Less than 18 percent felt an improvement in the standard of living - Regions reporting improvement: Sofia (26 percent improved), Vakinankaratra (25 percent improved) - Regions reporting strong deterioration: Sava and Atsimo Atsinanana (more than 54 percent confirmed deterioration) - Sectoral access improvements reported by households: - 17 percent recorded improvement regarding access to education - 20 percent affirmed improvement regarding access to health care - For food consumption, living place, and clothing, improvement proportions do not exceed 10 percent - Subjective wellbeing: - More than half of households feel unhappy; only 6 percent answered that they are happy (Sava: more than 13 percent happy) - Compared with 2001, almost 55 percent of the population noticed a decline in satisfaction level ### Opinions on the country’s future - National distribution on country’s future (2005): - Optimistic 35.4 percent - No change 20.5 percent - Pessimistic 18.4 percent - Don’t know 23.3 percent - Don’t express their view 2.4 percent - Optimism by consumption quintile (Table 11): - Poorest quintile: Optimistic 25.5 percent - 2nd quintile: Optimistic 31.1 percent - 3rd quintile: Optimistic 34.5 percent - 4th quintile: Optimistic 38.2 percent - Richest ones: Optimistic 42.2 percent - Optimism by education level of family head (Table 13): - Uneducated households: Optimistic 23.7 percent - Primary education: Optimistic 37.1 percent - Secondary education: Optimistic 44.3 percent - Tertiary education: Optimistic 48.4 percent ### PRSP monitoring indicators and macro-social trends - Selected monitoring and sector indicators (Table 14 and Table 15 excerpts): - Under-five child mortality (per 1,000 children under 5): 130.0 128.0 94.0 (years shown in table) - Net enrolment rate (children aged 6 to 10): 64.9 70.0 82.0 97 98.0 (as presented) - DTC3 Immunization rate (under 1 year old infants): 61.5 73.3 75.1 87 (as presented) - Primary school completion rate: 35.0 35.0 39.5 47.0 60 (as presented) - Literacy rate (15+): 57 57.2 57.0 56.1 (table values); narrative at end: In 2005, the literacy rate among individuals aged 15 years old and more is 62.9 percent versus 59.2 percent in - GDP growth rate (row in Table 14): 6.7-12.7 9.8 5.3 4.6 (as presented) - Inflation rate (CPI, annual variation): 7.4 16.5 -1.7 13.8 11.4 (as presented) - Number of telephone connections (fixed and cellular) per 1,000 inhabitants: 20 21.0 22.6 23.3 25.4 (as presented) - Sector program indicators and targets (Table 15 highlights): - % of 6 year old enrolled children in the first cycle of fundamental education: 80.0 81.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 (as presented) - MENRES budget share allocated to EPPs (in %): 53.0 58.0 54.3 60.0 64.0 67.0 66.0 (as presented) - Pupil/teacher ratio in public primary schools — The whole: 59 57 56 56 60.0 54 53; urban and rural detailed values presented in table - Drug availability rates in CSBs (selected): Chloroquine or equivalent 89.9 95.0 96.0 90.0 56.0 90.0 90.0 (as presented) - Delivery rate with professional assistance in public CSB and CHD 1: 28.04 35.0 26.10 27.10 19.7 28.5 29.9 (as presented) - Medical cure consultation rate in public CSBs, new case/year: 0.57 0.4 0.49 0.58 0,45 0.61 0.64 (as presented) ### Analysis excerpts and policy-relevant observations (as presented in the source) - The 2002 spike in poverty (80.7 percent) was mainly due to political, economic and social crises. - Inflation in 2004 and 2005 had negative impacts in urban areas on non-executive wage earners by reducing purchasing power due to increases in basic commodity prices; inflation also increased producer prices, encouraging production in suburban and rural areas. - Improvements in infrastructure and access to localities occurred, but were mitigated by increases in fuel prices. - State actions in primary enrolment (free of charge) and in health (for vulnerable households) had positive impacts on household living conditions. - The forecast for child and infant mortality ratio at 88 percent is explained by improved prevention against diseases, improved availability of health services and household living conditions in general. *Source: INSTAT/DSM/EPM2005* ### 2004. It increased consistently: 50% in 1999, 53% in 2001 and 57% in 2002. This is the fruit of the ### _cr06303 - 2004. It increased consistently: 50% in 1999, 53% in 2001 and 57% in 2002. This is the fruit of the ### Education and human development - "This is the fruit of the efforts undertaken in the area of education in the past years." - No further quantitative education indicators provided in this excerpt. ### Water, sanitation, and living conditions - 39,6% of Malagasy population has access to protected water in 2005. - Historical access to protected water: 24.7% in 2001; 29.4% in 2002; 32.2% in 2004. - Urban vs rural differences: - In large urban centers, rate of access to drinking water was more than 95% in 2004, whereas it was only 70% in 2001. - Rural rates varied from 12.7% to 31.2% during the same period. - Sanitation: - In 2005, close to 51.5% of the population have a toilet. - Rate in large urban centers: more than 84%. - Rate in rural areas: 47%. - "The situation has improved since 2001." ### GDP growth and sectoral performance - GDP growth rates: - 2002: -12.7% (explained by the crisis that affected the country). - 2003: 9.8% (resumption of economic activity). - 2004: 5.3%. - 2005: 4.9% (slowdown attributed to increasing oil prices and power cuts). - 2005 specific growth outcome: "In 2005, the economic growth rate was 4.6% versus an initial forecast of 7.0%." - Sectoral growth and contributions: - Secondary sector average growth in 2005: 3.0% (compared to 6.6% in 2004). - Contribution to GDP: 14.6% in 2004 and 14.2% in 2005. - Primary sector growth in 2005: 2.5%; agriculture 4.5%. - Tertiary sector: - Construction and repair work growth: 6.1%. - Tourism share in GDP: 2.0% in 2004 and 3.0% in 2005. - Domestic consumption and investments (2005): - Domestic consumption represented 92.3% of the GDP. - Private consumption: 83.9% of GDP. - Public consumption: 8.4% of GDP. - Nominal growth of private consumption in 2005: 30.2%. - Total investments: 22.4% of GDP in 2005 (24.3% in 2004). - Private investments: 12.3% of GDP in 2005 (12.2% in 2004). - Public investments: 10.1% of GDP in 2005 (12.5% in 2004). - Foreign direct investments: 35 million SDR in 2004 to 70.3 million in 2005. ### Inflation and prices - Inflation: - Average CPI change between 2004 and 2005: 18.4%. - CPI difference at the beginning of 2005 compared to 2004 average: 12.8%. - Year-on-year change (December 2004 to December 2005): 11.4%. - Following a strong 27.0% increase in consumer prices at year end in 2004 (year-to-year), inflation decreased to 11.4% (year-on-year) at end 2005. - Determinants: repetitive increases in fuel prices on the international market, upward revisions to the energy tariff, and a moderate increase in rice prices during the lean period at end 2005. ### Exports, trade, and current account - Volume of exports (base 100): 163.1 in 2003; 182.7 in 2004; 198.0 in 2005. - Drivers: decline in vanilla global prices in 2005 increasing export volumes of vanilla; diversification with new products (essential oils, industrial stones, etc.); depreciation of the national currency. - Value of exports: "the value of exports indicated a net decline of 20.7% decline compared to 2004." - Tourism: revenues increased by 19% in 2005. - Imports: decreased in both value and volume compared to 2004. - Current account balance (including official transfers): deteriorated from 10.8% of GDP in 2004 to 11.9% in 2005. - Foreign external reserves: equivalent of 2.9 months of import. ### Public finance and budget outcomes - Public finance reforms and modernization efforts: ASYCUDA++ at customs; Integrated Public Finance Management System (SIGFP) operational since July 2005 in six provinces; establishment of a Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) and program budget. - Tax revenue ratio to GDP: 10.1% in 2005. - Total expenditures: 21.2% of GDP in 2005 versus 25.9% in 2004. - Overall deficit on a commitment basis (including grants): 4.7% of GDP in 2005 versus 5,1% in 2004. - Key table figures (Year 2004 vs Year 2005): - Total revenue and grants: 1 653.4 (21.0% GDP) vs 1 682.3 (16.7% GDP). - Tax revenue: 887.1 (11.2% GDP) vs 1 020.0 (10.1% GDP). - Grants: 671.1 (8.5% GDP) vs 579.5 (5.7% GDP). - Currents: 311.5 (3.9% GDP) vs 81.2 (0.8% GDP). - Capital: 352.4 (4.5% GDP) vs 438.5 (4.3% GDP). - HIPC Assistance: 7.2 (0.1% GDP) vs 59.8 (0.6% GDP). - Total expenditure: 2 045.3 (25.9% GDP) vs 2 144.2 (21.2% GDP). - Recurrent expenses: 1 027.3 (13.0% GDP) vs 1 053.0 (10.4% GDP). - Capital expenditure: 1 018.0 (12.9% GDP) vs 996.3 (9.9% GDP). - Deficit on commitment basis: -400.6 (5.1% GDP) vs -470.4 (4.7% GDP). - Deficit on cash basis: -463.8 (5.9% GDP) vs -436.1 (4.3% GDP). - GDP at market prices: 7 889.1 (100.0) in 2004 vs 10 095.2 (100.0) in 2005. ### External financing of investments (commitments in 2005, in Ariary) - Capital subsidies: Open Credit 338 860 000 000; Commitments 438 519 612 000; Rate 129,4% - Loan funds: Open Credit 363 260 000 000; Commitments 346 126 440 000; Rate 95,3% - Other public loans: Open Credit 8 000 000 000; Commitments 14 948 000; Rate 0,2% - Total: Open Credit 710 120 000 000; Commitments 784 661 000 000; Rate 110,5% ### Money, credit, and banking sector - M3 growth slowed in 2005 compared to end-December 2004. - Structural measures since 2004: uniformization of reserve requirements for all deposits; reduction of monetary financing of the public deficit. - Outstanding claims of banks on the economy progressed by 22.4% in 2005. - In 2005 credit flows composition: - Short term credit: Ariary 181.0 billion to various enterprises. - Investment credits: Ariary 15.4 billion. - Government net withdrawal from banking system in 2005: 94.5 billion (more significant to commercial banks: Ariary -172.1 billion). - Monetary survey (billion Ariary; 2004 vs 2005; change in %): - ASSETS total: 2213,0 vs 2374,7 change 7,3 - Net external position: 892,9 vs 968,5 change 8,5 - Net credits to Government: 501,4 vs 404,7 change -19,3 - Credits on economy: 818,7 vs 1001,5 change 22,3 - LIABILITIES total: 2213,0 vs 2374,7 change 7,3 - Broad Money M3: 2111,3 vs 2171,9 change 2,9 - Money availability: 1402,6 vs 1415,5 change 0,9 - Quasi-money liabilities: 330,8 vs 392,8 change 18,7 - Deposits in currencies and obligations: 377,9 vs 363,6 change -3,9 - Other items nets: 101,7 vs 202,8 change 99,4 ### Market and exchange rate developments - National currency movement in 2005: - Depreciated by 0.9% against the euro and by 15.5% against the dollar (compared to 66.3% and 53.3% respectively in 2004). - MID (Marché Interbancaire de Devises) continuous established in July 2004. - Monthly average transactions: Euro 116.7 million in 2005 versus 95.3 million in 2004 (increase of 22.5%). - Exchange rates (MGF period averages; Year 2004 annual average vs Year 2005 annual average): - EURO annual average: 11 601,6 (2004) vs 12 441,1 (2005) - DOLLAR annual average: 9 344,3 (2004) vs 10 015,1 (2005) - Annual average depreciation of MGF (January 2005-December 2005): - EURO: -6,7% - DOLLAR: -5,3% - Additional listed: -6,7% and -15,0% (as presented in the table). ### Costing and financing of the PRSP strategy (2005) - Three strategic axes: governance; economic growth on a social broadened base; social protection, human and material security. - Total cost for implementing the strategy in 2005 (non salary expenditures total across all financing sources): Ariary 1,437.0 billion. - Governance: 224.7 billion. - Economic growth: 840.2 billion. - Social protection, human and material security: 372.1 billion. - Governance axis supported by three programs including prevention of corruption, respect for democracy and rule of law, local governance. *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (excerpt).* ### 77.4 billion (5.4% of total), the respect of democracy and of rule of law for 110.6 billion (7.7%), an ### _cr06303 - 77.4 billion (5.4% of total), the respect of democracy and of rule of law for 110.6 billion (7.7%), an ### Budget allocations by strategic orientation (Table 21 summary) - Governance and Fight against Corruption: - RECURRENT: 26,499,418,000 - CAPITAL: 50,931,212,000 - TOTAL: 77,430,630,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 22,899,182,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 49,712,039,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 72,611,221,000 - RATE: 93.8 - Democracy and observance of the Rule of Law: - RECURRENT: 26,260,354,000 - CAPITAL: 84,336,711,000 - TOTAL: 110,597,065,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 25,555,539,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 80,067,948,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 105,623,307,000 - RATE: 95.5 - Local Governance: - RECURRENT: 33,060,948,600 - CAPITAL: 3,561,486,000 - TOTAL: 36,622,434,600 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 32,980,834,098 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 6,378,396,303 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 39,359,230,401 - RATE: 107.5 - PROGRAM TOTAL OF GOVERNANCE: - RECURRENT: 85,820,720,600 - CAPITAL: 138,829,409,000 - TOTAL: 141,804,189,600 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 79,110,714,098 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 59,857,706,303 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 138,968,420,401 - RATE: 98.0 - Preservation of the macroeconomic stability: - RECURRENT: 107,341,170,000 - CAPITAL: 87,622,291,000 - TOTAL: 194,963,461,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 102,343,318,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 87,981,013,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 190,324,331,000 - RATE: 97.6 - Development of the expanding sector: - RECURRENT: 7,678,436,400 - CAPITAL: 110,850,468,000 - TOTAL: 118,528,904,400 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 6,702,918,619 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 119,631,111,803 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 126,334,030,422 - RATE: 106.6 - Rural development: - RECURRENT: 11,529,038,936 - CAPITAL: 82,882,645,800 - TOTAL: 94,411,684,736 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 10,118,380,058 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 146,757,566,419 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 156,875,946,477 - RATE: 166.2 - Private sector and Openness to competition: - RECURRENT: 14,626,150,000 - CAPITAL: 15,912,400,000 - TOTAL: 30,538,550,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 14,342,006,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 23,039,703,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 37,381,709,000 - RATE: 122.4 - Development of the infrastructure: - RECURRENT: 8,487,344,250 - CAPITAL: 393,301,129,500 - TOTAL: 401,788,473,750 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 6,760,771,725 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 396,529,776,934 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 403,290,548,659 - RATE: 100.4 - TOTAL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: - RECURRENT: 149,662,139,586 - CAPITAL: 690,568,934,300 - TOTAL: 840,231,073,886 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 140,267,394,402 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 773,939,171,156 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 914,206,565,558 - RATE: 108.8 - Improvement of education, vocational training and valorization of research: - RECURRENT: 98,648,000,290 - CAPITAL: 122,195,586,800 - TOTAL: 220,843,587,090 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 0 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 0 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 159,446,791,130 - RATE: 72.2 - Prevention of transmissible diseases, non transmissible diseases and malnutrition: - RECURRENT: 1,034,256,330 - CAPITAL: 2,868,980,000 - TOTAL: 3,903,236,330 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 1,028,986,267 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 1,905,510,866 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 2,934,497,133 - RATE: 75.2 - Improvement of the health conditions: - RECURRENT: 32,294,298,633 - CAPITAL: 67,580,127,400 - TOTAL: 99,874,426,033 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 29,914,758,782 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 26,643,992,291 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 56,558,751,073 - RATE: 56.6 - Social Protection: - RECURRENT: 826,322,328 - CAPITAL: 7,071,359,800 - TOTAL: 7,897,682,128 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 805,601,328 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 9,029,998,460 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 9,835,599,788 - RATE: 124.5 - Valorization of cultural diversity: - RECURRENT: 763,253,000 - CAPITAL: 3,480,900,000 - TOTAL: 4,244,153,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 755,912,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 3,169,130,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 3,925,042,000 - RATE: 92.5 - Human and material security: - RECURRENT: 29,034,590,000 - CAPITAL: 6,331,385,000 - TOTAL: 35,365,975,000 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 27,579,534,000 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 5,778,511,000 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 33,358,045,000 - RATE: 94.3 - SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAM TOTAL: - RECURRENT: 162,600,720,581 - CAPITAL: 209,528,339,000 - TOTAL: 372,129,059,581 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 60,084,792,377 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 46,527,142,617 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 266,058,726,124 - RATE: 71.5 - TOTAL OF OVERALL PROGRAM: - RECURRENT: 398,083,580,767 - CAPITAL: 1,038,926,682,300 - TOTAL: 1,354,164,323,067 - COMMITTED RECURRENT: 279,462,900,877 - COMMITTED CAPITAL: 880,324,020,076 - COMMITTED TOTAL: 1,319,233,712,083 - RATE: 97.4 ### Budget execution and commitment performance in 2005 - Capital expenditure commitments on foreign financing exceeded the open credit. - Commitments of non salary expenditure provisionally estimated at 97.3% of planned resources for 2005. - High-performing programs (commitment focus): - Local governance (Governance axis) — commitment rate 107.5% (commune and region activities at 176.2%; local governments budget/accounting management at 99.8%). - Development of expanding sectors, Rural development, Development of the private sector and Openness to international competition, Development of infrastructure (Economic growth axis) — contributed to axis commitment rate 108.8%. - Lower-performing programs within Social Protection, Human and Material Security axis — overall commitment rate provisionally estimated at 71.5% for 2005. - Specific program rates and notable activity rates: - Prevention of corruption: 96.9% - Observance of the Rule of Law and Democracy: 95.5% - Donors partnership for fishing resource management activity: 107.1% - Governance in the agricultural sector: 93.1% - Promotion of diversification and transformation of agricultural products: 288.2% - Improvement of rural productivity: 169.8% - Access to land tenure: 91.2% - Opening up and practicability of national roads: 94.0% - Sanitation and development of human establishments: 123.6% - Improvement of productivity and efficiency of the transportation system: 291.2% ### Operational and institutional execution issues identified (2005) - Non mastery of new procedures relative to program budgets (ORACLE software). - Lengthy procedures for public procurement and DTI and VAT payments. - Frequent credit rearrangements. - Quarterly credit limited to 25% of recurrent credit at outlying levels despite budget circular stipulating six months credit per budget section. - Inventory and recovery measures implemented with positive effects: - Extension of regulatory texts on public finance. - Training of ORDSEC and GAC in programming, budget execution, and public procurement (central and off-center levels). - Periodic monitoring of public procurement plan. - Government actions to ensure budget counterpart availability, including intensification of tax and tax arrear collection. - Close collaboration with Delegates of the Expenditure Commitment Control (CDE) and Main Treasury Officers. - Inventory of needs in supplies to group purchases. ### Donor-supported projects and disbursement performance - Governance and local governance support from: UNDP (DAP1), World Bank (PGDI), FID, European Union (ACORDS), USAID. FID and ACORDS recorded satisfactory disbursement rates in 2005; PGDI disbursements were relatively low in 2005. - Development of expanding sectors supported by: PDSP, PGRM, PE III, Energy II. Energy II had satisfactory disbursement performance relative to others. - Development of infrastructure supported by: PNER, PNEOA (European Union), AfDB project on cyclone damages, World Bank Sectoral Transportation (PST) and Urban Infrastructure, projects financed by Japan, USAID, and AFD — overall satisfactory disbursement rates. ### 2006 outlook and budget execution improvements planned - Establish consistency between the budget and poverty reduction objectives in 2006. - Strengthen satisfactory 2005 expenditure commitments through: - Rapid establishment of credit for year 2006. - Continued training for actors in the budget process at central and outlying levels. - Larger availability of domestic resources via intensified tax collection check system. - Strengthening roles assigned to “secondary authorizing officers” and to “operations managers” (programming of purchases depending on needs). - Breaking-in the program budget system to improve efficiency. ### Main measures of social and economic reforms recorded in 2005 (selected highlights) - AXIS 1: GOVERNANCE — reorganization and improvements including: - Reorganizing and improving functioning of the National Election Council (CNE). - Restructuring the former Immigration and Emigration Service. - Draft texts finalised for restructuring the Armed Forces. - Redefining missions/duties of the Ministry of Decentralization and Land Management (MDAT); developing National Decentralization/Deconcentration Policy; preparing Local Development Funds (FDL). - Setting up the Reform Program for Public Service Efficiency (PREA) with COS and a general coordination body. - AXIS 2: PRODUCTION AND ECONOMY — public finance and sectoral reforms including: - Adoption of the new framework law related to the budget law. - Effective setup of the Program Budget and modernization of import duties/taxes payment system. - Passing decrees on ARMP, IGF, and CDBF; interaction between customs and SGS; effective use of ASYCUDA ++; SIGPF and SYGADE setup. - Agriculture/livestock/fisheries reforms: Adopting Land Ownership Policy Paper; updating Livestock and Rural Development Policy Papers; developing PNDR and National Strategy for Cotton Cluster; institutional reform of MAEP; reforming land tenure sector; establishing ZAC for fishing resource management. - Environment/water/forestry reforms: defining legal framework for protected areas; update forest legislation application decree; reform Forestry Administration; launch Forest Sector Observatory restructuring. - Transport and ports: operationalising APMF; creating SPAT; concessioning container terminal of Toamasina; adoption of multiple decrees and ministerial decrees related to port institutional reform (including Decree n° 2005-322 on May 25, 2005; decrees n°2005-330, 331, 332 on May 31, 2005). - Energy: Concede management of JIRAMA; adjust JIRAMA price rates; develop regulatory texts for ORE fee collection; adopt 4 texts for ADER. - AXIS 3: SOCIAL ASPECTS — education, health, water/sanitation, population and culture measures including: - Education: Update/validate EFA Plan; create new study courses (mining and geology, agriculture and livestock, textile, gems and stoning, tourism and eco-tourism, hotel business and catering); develop training plans in 22 regions. - Health: Update 2006-2008 National Health Policy; validate National Child Health Policy; set up 22 Regional Directorates For Health and Family Planning (DRSPF); develop National Multisectoral Plan for avian flu; adopt law n°031/2005 on Right and on HIV; validate PMTCT Policy; set up National Nutrition Office (ONN). - Water and Sanitation: Adopt Program of Access to National Drinking Water; develop Sectoral Water Policy and Manual of Procedures; finalize National Sanitation Strategy and Policy. - Population and Social Protection: Promulgate law n° 2005-014 on 07/09/05 on Adoption; install SIG/EPT software in all Provinces; develop draft decree on small childhood supervision and care. - Culture: Promulgate National Cultural Policy for socioeconomic development. *2005 PRSP Progress Report (excerpt).* ### 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FIFTEEN PRSP PROGRAMS ### 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FIFTEEN PRSP PROGRAMS ### 5.1. GOVERNANCE — PROGRAM 1. GOVERNANCE AND ANTI- CORRUPTION PROGRAM - Subprogram: Fight against Corruption — specific objectives kept: - (i) to develop and update a national anti-corruption strategy - (ii) to strengthen the anti-corruption legal framework - (iii) and to implement the national anti-corruption strategy - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 22): - Develop and update a national corruption prevention strategy - National corruption prevention strategy paper; survey reports; National convention against corruption - Update the strategy for the period from 2005 to 2007 - A national strategy geared to expanding economic sectors: fisheries, mining, energy, water and forests, rural economy (rice, vanilla, tobacco, zebus), industry and handicraft, tourism - Strengthen the legal framework of the prevention of corruption - Texts developed; Law on corruption - Implement the National Corruption Prevention Strategy - Activity reports; Number of broadcast radio and TV programs - Set up of BIANCO and the Anti-Corruption Penal network - Set up of measuring tools; Extend BIANCO to provinces - The Fianarantsoa territorial branch (opened in March 2006), start an annual national survey (zero status); Prepare a corruption observatory - Result analysis — key findings: - 2004 strategy oriented to public services (justice, police, land property); 2005 strategy geared towards economy at private sector request - Surveys and specific action programs implemented for expanding sectors and integrity pillars (media, Ombudsman, political parties, civil society) - CSLCC, BIANCO and the Criminal Chain collaborated to implement strategy - Measurement tools established: - Annual national polling (first campaign by Casals Associated with national consultant support; future editions to be national consultancy-led) - An observatory to provide ongoing information on corruption forms and actors’ behavior - Tools aim to provide accurate, up-to-date data to adjust strategy and methodology - Anti-corruption bodies observed lack of administrative support and familiarity with anti-corruption; recommended government leadership to create spillover effect - Subprogram: Civil Service Reform — specific objective: - «to prepare and to carry out the civil service reform» - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 23): - The reform strategy and plan is developed; The manual of job description is available - 07 application decrees of the general status of civil servants are adopted - 06 workshops were held in the capital of provinces - 22 information/ training workshops on civil service reform strategy were held (in the 21 regions and the capital) - VOY RINDRA operation started: - 150,000 questionnaires on job description were distributed - 126,100 questionnaires on job description (QDP) were collected - 108,429 questionnaires on job description captured - 05 application decrees of the general status of civil servants were adopted (2004) - 07 workshops entitled: “towards a well governed, productive and efficient civil service” were held (2004) - Result analysis — key findings: - Implementation decrees begun in 2004 continued in 2005; development of additional reform texts slowed partly due to budget impact concerns - Voy Rindra introduced as a preliminary operation to build a solid basis for reform. Main objectives of Voy Rindra: - The classification of posts (profile-post and profile-agent adequacy) - The harmonization of the treatment (alignment of treatments across civil service corps) - Establishment of a skill database - Job description manual is a result of Voy Rindra and expected to underpin further legal/textual reforms; publication of Voy Rindra results is desired as basis for subsequent texts - Accompanying measures recommended: strengthening monitoring and modernization bodies to enhance administrative efficiency ### 5.1.2. PROGRAM 2. GOVERNANCE AND OBSERVANCE OF THE DEMOCRACY - Subprogram: Reliability of the election operations — five specific objectives: - (i) improve the organization and working of the National Election Council - (ii) reduce contestations related to election lists - (iii) reduce contestations related to election operations - (iv) prevent corruption in election - (v) regularize the administrative status of citizens of vote age - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 24): - Improve organization/functioning of National Election Committee (CNE) - Publication and application of the decree - Decree n° 2004-993 on October 26, 2004 defining the CNE functioning mechanisms adopted - Regularize administrative situation of voting-age population - Number of judgments of compensative birth and Nation ID cards delivered - 112, 101 “judgments” published (objective) - 30, 009 “judgments” published (achievement) — i.e., 30% of the objective set - Reduce contestations related to election lists - Software installed and operational; Number of districts having reviewed their election lists - Revision achieved in 107 out of 116 Districts (i.e. 92% achievement); exhaustive census of Fokontany at District level - Reduce contestations related to election operation - Number of stabilized voting stations; stabilize list and locations of voting stations; exhaustive census of Fokontany at district level - Result analysis — key findings: - Decree n°2004–993 was adopted and implemented, but many BLEs at district level are not operational due to: - Temporary agent status leading to low motivation - Lack of recurrent budget, instructions and/or training from the CNE - Consequences: delays in pre-election actions and inconsistency among election actors - Recommendations: provide BLEs with recurrent credit, staff motivation and training - Regularization of administrative status underperformed: 30,009 birth judgments provided (30% of the 112,101 objective) due to mixing of under-age and adult operations; recommended actions: - Review materials and organization for “birth judgments” and “CNI” operations - Use and adapt Civil Status management software used by the Urban Municipality of Antananarivo across all districts and communes - Revision of election lists: 107 out of 116 districts (92%); objective not fully met due to communication problems; recommended to limit newly created Fokontany to facilitate election operations - Subprogram: Citizen Participation — main objective: - Support actions in information, education and communication enabling populations to take responsibility in public life and community policy - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 25): - Number of weekly broadcast programs that are produced; number of local radio speakers and journalists trained - 22 broadcast programs (“Kaominina sy Faritra miasa”) - 157 radio speakers trained - IEC sessions: distribution of civic education aids — 15,000 posters, 10,000 leaflets, and 5,000 brochures - Five training sessions for journalists for 157 local facilitators - Result analysis — key findings: - Achievements in social dialog strengthening, judiciary popularization for prevention, civic education material distribution, training of community facilitators and journalists, weekly radio programs - Lack of coordination between MDAT and PGDI in program design, planning and completion - Challenge: standardize internal and external communication ### 5.1.3. PROGRAM 3. GOVERNANCE AND LEGALLY CONSTITUTED STATE - Subprogram: Rationalize the Processing of Administrative Activities and implementation of the E-Governance — two specific objectives: - (i) reduce malfunctioning and cumbersome practices in Administration - (ii) process administrative activities in a reliable, secure, and rapid manner - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 26 and text): - Conduct surveys on processing of administrative activity rationalization: Four (4) surveys conducted - Develop, edit and distribute manuals on rationalized processing: One (1) manual of procedure (civil status) developed - Set up E-governance: - Decree 2005-327 of May 25, 2005 setting institutional framework for National Policy in E-Governance; instituted CDEG and ANRE - Law n° 2005-023 of October 17, 2005 stating institutional reform of the Telecommunication sector adopted - Establishment of Directorates for Information Systems in each Ministry - Decree n°2005-591 of September 13, 2005 establishing the Public Purchase Grouping for purchasing computer equipments and software for the Malagasy government - Inter ministry decree n°1207/2006 dated January 26, 2006 designating Members representing the Ministries involved in grouped computer material and software purchase relating to the government intranet - Development, validation and publication of normative documents: government computer/telecommunication materials and standards (network standardization, interconnection, infrastructure, IP Addressing Plan, Naming Plan) - Training of technical officials in Ministries in Open Office System; National E-Governance Program (PNEG) developed; Web Sites and portal for each Ministry completed - Implementation postponed: establishment of government intranet and ICT technical infrastructure at central and regional levels delayed to 2006 due to tardy validation of two texts - Result analysis — key findings: - Studies undertaken to rationalize administrative activity processing in civil status management, local government action control, administrative management of foreigners, and staff management - Manual of procedures on civil status and other areas developed and training provided to State agents - Difficulty in removing malfunctioning lies in ownership and methodology; need to streamline activities and comply with texts before manual development - Study for administrative management of foreigners is the most compliant with desired methodology and generalizable - Some E-Governance institutional texts adopted but technical implementation deferred to 2006 - Subprogram: Administrative Reform — three specific objectives: - (i) reduce malfunctioning in Territory Administration - (ii) improve functioning of Administration - (iii) modernize the Administration - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 27): - Reduce time limit for obtaining stay visa from 6 to 2 months on average — Objectives achieved at 92.5% - Number of manuals published and distributed: - 5 manuals (achieved); 04 manuals being developed (2004) - Number of training sessions held: training of trainers and of Heads of Districts in Regions of Analamanga, Bongolava and Itasy; 03 training sessions held (2004) - Modernize Administration: - 13 computers purchased - 17 using agents trained - All directorates connected - Website implemented (MIRA website set up but not operational pending server restoration) - Result analysis — key findings: - Stay visa issuance time reduction achieved at 92% via restructuring and rationalized file processing in Directorate for Immigration and Emigration; remaining delays due to non-computerized legal document management - Four thematic manuals under development; training provided in Management, Monitoring and Evaluation for Territory Administration executives - Computerization of stock control and fiduciary values not achieved due to 80% credit blockage - Computerized staff management achieved (13 computers, 17 trained) with positive effects on staff monitoring and active civil servant census within MIRA - MIRA website set up but not yet operational pending definitive restoration and server accommodation - Subprogram: Work area Environment — three specific objectives: - (i) strengthen partnership among government, workers, investors and ensure participation of social development partners to increase productivity - (ii) ensure job market rules enable competitiveness and employment while protecting workers’ basic rights - (iii) promote vocational training and job creation - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 28): - Public Private Partnership established; National Employment Policy (PNE) adopted; National Committee for Monitoring the National Employment and Poverty Reduction Policy (CNSPERP) set up and operational - New Labor Legislation adopted (Law n° 2003-044 of July 28, 2004); 3 application texts for the Labor Legislation adopted; National Committee against Child Labor operational - Number of new jobs created per year: - 6, 000 jobs (objective) - 7, 500 jobs (2004) - 10, 000 jobs (2005 achievement: number of created employments largely exceeded the objective in 2005) - Result analysis — key findings: - Government focused on strengthening PPP and improving legal environment via PNE and new work code - PNE emphasizes job creation and will strengthen partnerships with Vocational Training Centers (CFP), Private Employment Agencies (BPP), enterprises; set up CNSPERP and projects like IJVA for youth insertion - Number of created employments largely exceeded 2005 objective - Work code governs existing private sector jobs (leave, salary, medical care) - AU Ouagadougou recommendation: prioritize employment in development policies, optimize local resource use for labor-intensive sectors, and program public investment toward job-creating sectors (agriculture, infrastructure, environment); study technological options to preserve employment - Subprogram: Justice — five specific objectives: - (i) rehabilitate judiciary and penitentiary functions and infrastructure at national level - (ii) reinforce anti-corruption devices (including rehabilitate and organize the national committee for human rights: education component) - (iii) expedite case processing - (iv) enhance legal and judiciary environment, notably in economic area - (v) make imprisonment more human - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 29): - Satisfaction rate among people under jurisdiction of the court (survey): 40% (2004) - Increase rate of processed cases: 7,458 verdicts published; clearing proceedings at the TPI of Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, and Antsiranana 96% - Increased number of investors: 817 (2004) → 882 (achievement) - Humanization of imprisonment conditions: reducing mortality rate; nutritional assistance to prisoners with the IRCC in 4 prisons (Manajary, Manakara, Farafangana, Moramanga) - Revitalize penal camps: boosting of agricultural work in 14 penal camps and harvesting of products - Result analysis — key findings: - Efforts to enhance business environment and harmonize national laws with international instruments; establishment of one-stop desk GUIDE; CRDA established; trade code renewed; tax incentives set; membership to ACA and AMGI - More than three quarters of newly created businesses in tertiary sector (trade, tourism, NICT); nationality breakdown: about 40% French, 20% Chinese, 10% Mauritian - Poll (CSLCC with Vanderbilt University) indicates households not satisfied with judiciary transparency, accountability, corruption and performance - Actions to improve access to justice: rehabilitation of judiciary and penitentiary functions, establishment of lower courts (TPI), equipment modernization, capacity building, increased ordinary and itinerant hearings - Improvements in human aspects of imprisonment: food, hygiene and health - Recommendations: develop tax incentives for labor-intensive sectors, publish consumer protection texts, strengthen specialization in commercial law (mediation and arbitration) - Subprogram: Civil Protection — main objective: - Strengthen protection of population against risks and disasters - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 30): - Decree n° 2005-866 defining modes of application of Law n° 2003 - 010 of September 05, 2003 relative to the National Politics of Risks Management and Disasters adopted on December 20, 2005 - Number of executive staff trained: 13 executives out of 19 - GRC achievement rate in training of regional officials: 120% (13 regions out of 11 planned) - Number of regions having a contingency plan: 13 regions - Number of districts having erected GRC Committees: 67 districts - Number of “communes” having located evacuation sites: 113 communes - Result analysis — key findings: - 2005 marked by multiple devastating disasters: cyclones (Ernest et Felapi), Inter Tropical Convergence Zone impacts, floods (Boeny, Sofia, Diana, Alaotra-Mangoro), fires, tsunami in Manakara, malnutrition in Manantenina and Vangaindrano - Despite disasters, population vulnerability rate decreased; rapid interventions, evacuation plans, relief service quality, agent competence and equipment mitigated damages - National Council for Risk and Disaster Management operational and enabled dispatch of help; civil protection units and standing committees for bushfire monitoring set up in all districts - Training in GRC provided to regional officials in 13 Regions (13 out of 11 planned = 120% achievement) - Emergency interventions in 83 Districts, of which 52 Districts for 69 fire cases - Rehabilitation work underfunded: 01 out of 04 achieved due to insufficient budget and dependency on Public Investment Plan financing - 2006 focus: develop CNS structure (Specific Risks) and operationalize territory structures of the National Relief Council - Subprogram: Defense — two specific objectives: - (i) enhance the device called “DEFENSE” which is the guarantor of national sovereignty - (ii) strengthen the contribution of the Armed Forces to socio-economic development actions - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 31 and text): - Number of staff trained: 1,511 interior trainees; 12 outside trainees (2005) versus 813 internal and 46 external (objective) - Number of exit days in the sea: 154 days (2005) versus 234 days (2004); objective 250 days/ship - Number of officers sent to peacekeeping operations: 19 officers (AM:09; GN:10) - Number of participants to bilateral maneuvers: 764 participants of which 404 Malagasy - Number of properties requiring measures: 73 properties listed as illicit (2005) - DAS (Defense and Security actions) put in place: 118 DAS with 590 service members; 12 movements; 216 DAS of 746 men (comparatives provided in table) - Contribution to socioeconomic development: - 150,000 young plants; 2,000 fruit trees (achieved) - 04 sites; 07 zones of production; 7 agricultural companies - 228,578 young plants; 2,935 fruit trees (achievements) - 07 zones: Mampikony, Ambatondrazaka, Midongy, Toliara, Mahajanga, Vangaindrano - Result analysis — key findings: - Achievements include studies for restructuring armed forces, standardization of refresher course regimes, strengthened land/sea/air surveillance and operational capacity building - Trainee numbers increased by about 77% compared to 2004; training dependent on offers from friend countries and allocated credits - Participation of 19 Malagasy officers in inter-African operations and increased Malagasy participation in bilateral drills (≈20% increase vs 2004) - Sea surveillance weakened by unavailability of vessel Matsilo in 2005; sea outings reduced by about 34% compared to 2004 - Armed Forces’ contribution to socio-economic development had positive effects on population vulnerability and confidence; 83% increase in DAS set up compared to objective - Security measures in mining sites, natural reserves and protected areas reduced deforestation and illicit extractions - Farmer supervision and rural training via 7 agricultural companies improved productivity - Epidemiological survey: 624 blood bags sampling conducted - Sports achievements: 32 medals (12 gold, 14 silver, 6 bronze) - Restructuring documents and mission drafts developed but redefined structures and missions pending approval - Military property management: 4 files processed; illicit properties files pending due to lack of credit - Recommendation: other ministries combine efforts to assess defense/security impacts on sectors; encourage population participation in area securing; designate government representative at sea and establish new defense concept - Subprogram: Public Security — specific objectives: - Ensure safety of people, goods and activities and enhance national police picture - Indicators / 2005 achievements (from Table 32): - Proportion of secured communes (PCS): 140 (specific indicator) - Evolution of Kizo guards (EGK): 5909% (table entry) - 930 communes visited and secured - 161 KIZO kept - Number of TPG undertaken: 164,033 - Number of cattle markets controlled: 13 - Number of security operations conducted: 94 - Number of DAS set up: 07 (table) and 118 DAS set up (590 service members) (other columns) - Number of PA set up: 11 Outposts set up - Number of cattle thefts: 65,307 - Document on the insecurity action program established and distributed - Drugs and illegal alcohol seized: 1,015 Kg and 3,215 L - Number of watch rounds and patrols: 40,849 - Weapons and ammunitions seized: 3,926 - PGE targets and achievements: - 13 cattle markets (objective) - 98 operations (achievement) - 118 DAS set up (590 service members) - 11 Outposts set up - Result analysis — intended outcomes and targets: - Improve public security with targeted outcomes: - Drug deals reduced by 30% - Adulterated alcohol deals reduced - 50% increase in watch rounds and patrols - 25% increase in arrests of “Dahalo” - 20% reduction in crime rate - Road insecurity reduced and revenues increased by 100% - Operational achievements and seizures recorded as above; mixed reporting across objectives and achievements in the table indicates implementation progress but variability in meeting specific targets *Source: _cr06303 - 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FIFTEEN PRSP PROGRAMS* ### 230.040 TPG ### 230.040 TPG ### Strengthening security in urban areas — key results - Setting up of an inter ministry committee and establishment of a document of action plan against insecurity. - Decrease in infractions to legislation in Immigration and Emigration. - Reduction of drug supply and adulterated alcohol. - Securing of people through improved prevention and operations. - 34,560 Common Rounds by the General Police [Tournées de Police Générale Ordinaire (TPGO)] in 22 Regions, 111 Districts. - 195,480 Joint Crosscut Rounds by the General Police [Tournée de Police Générale Croisée Conjointe (TPGCC)] in 62 red zone targeted districts. - 17.17% reduction in crimes in general in the year 2005. ### Immigration, border control, and intelligence - 180.38 % increase in travel document controls. - 32.38% increase in the number of intelligence transmitted. - 17.48% increase in control of activities of non residents. - 24.11% increase in visas granted. - Actions included intensified territory surveillance, prevention against underground immigrations, improved prevention to violations of public order and entry refusal, and driving back people in irregular situations to the border. ### Drug, psychotropic substances, and alcohol control - Rational organized prevention of plantations and marketing of “Rongony” conducted in synergy with decentralized local governments. - Increase of about 50% in road controls. - Drug seizures increased at a rate of 100%. - Adulterated alcohol seizures increased at a rate of 200%. - Participation of the Gendarmerie in drug prevention and Drilling Walks for Permanent Rural Securing. ### Weapons, economic delinquency, and crime prevention - Strengthening of control of the introduction, circulation and allocation of weapons and ammunitions. - Seizures of weapons and ammunitions used during armed thefts. - Repression of large economic delinquency and money laundering prevention. - Under the PGE: 16 gangs were dismantled. - Urban crime rate lowered to 21% versus a 20% objective. ### Rural security and “dahalo” (banditry) - Security actions achieved among 930 communes. - 216 DAS set up versus 118 planned ones. - 68 outposts established for an objective of 11 outposts to be set up. - 34% increase in dahalo arrests (noted elsewhere as 34% increase). - Number of “dahalo” arrested moved from 3,926 in 2004 to 5,249 in 2005 (an increase of about 34% versus an objective of 25%). - Recovery of more than 50% of cattle stolen through a 14% increase in KIZO kept against the objective set. - Systematic controls of markets and the commercial circuit of cattle, Intensive Rural Securing operations by the Armed Forces, mixed operations (GN-AM), road control and surveillance, and participation in drug prevention. ### Police capacity, equipment, and public image - Objective of building 03 Police stations (with police superintendent) per year achieved only at 75%, following budget cuts. - Recruited policemen reduced to 750 agents versus 1,000 planned (due to carrying forward budget items). - Opening of 6 new proximity Police Stations and rehabilitation of 11 buildings. - Acquisition of new equipment and car fleet; reinforcement of transmission and communication networks. - New uniforms and valorization of the police function and public image. - 17.17% reduction in crimes in general attributed to improved operation modes, UNO mission training participation, operational capacity building among Scientific and Technical Police and Public Order Keeping elements, quasi permanent presence via motorized surveillances and patrols, expanded action scope, and training: - 152 elements in computerization trained. - 89 elements from specialized elements regarding kidnapping and organized crime prevention trained. ### Traffic, road safety, and patrols - Highway infractions code decreased overall by 63,52% due to lowering of traffic and improved intervention methods. - Increase in rounds and patrols in the order 49%. - Lessons note that lowering of traffic flow can engender speed excess. ### Quantities, operations, and seizures (operational figures listed) - 13 cattle markets - 98 operations - 216 DAS with 746 service members - 68 outposts - 54,603 (context present in source as a standalone figure) - Document on the insecurity action program established - 2,108 Kg - 12,291 L - 63,070 patrols - Weapons: 38, ammunitions: 459 - Grenades: 06 - 5,249 “Dahalo” arrested - 21% reduction (urban crime rate noted elsewhere) - 14,924 (context present in source as a standalone figure) - Increase of 30% of the revenues in relation to 2004 - Enhance the public image of the National Police - Police force numbers per inhabitant (3 policemen for 1,000 inhabitants.) - Maintain the police enrollment rate to 1,000 policemen per year - Build 3 commissariats per year for one commissariat per district - 750 policemen recruited - Rate achieved to 75% with only one construction - 38 new cars of interventions - 29 computers; 09 printers; 03 scanners; 04 photocopiers and 50 Typewriters - 4507 new uniforms - Initial formation composed of: 20 CP; 30 OP; 100 IP and 650 AP ### Performance gaps and constraints - Revenues in fines increased by only 30% versus a 100% projected one due to antinomy in assignments and non implementation of texts on a new flat fine rate. - Budget cuts and carrying forward of budget items reduced construction of commissariats and recruitment targets. ### Lessons learned - Contacts and cooperation with technical and financial partners are indispensable for capacity building in security. - Given the size of the territory, contribution of everyone to security is desirable. - Lowering of the traffic flow has harmful effects because it engenders speed excess. ### Recommendations - Integrate a security component in all development projects. - Each commune should have a security plan. - Conduct awareness raising among the population for setting up a self defense based village. ### Local governance / decentralization indicators (program objectives and achievements) - Objectives to strengthen MDAT intervention capacities, turn communes and regions into development actors, strengthen financial capacities of local governments, and strengthen CTD competences in community based resource management. - Specific indicators and achievements include: - Functional reorganization of the MDAT: 05 conventions; 06 regional directions. - Number of staff trained: 8 settings formed. - Geographical information system (GIS) Operational. - LP2D (Decentralization and De-concentration Policy Paper) adopted. - 149 PCD; 335 MPP; 361 (figures presented in table context). - Number of commune officials trained: 5,273 - Number of co operations supported: 18 *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (extracted content).* ### 1.860 elected and local officer ### 1.860 elected and local officer ### Decentralization and Local Development — achievements and indicators - Territorial coverage and institutional support - 257 communes benefited from support in legality control. - 22 PRD supported. - 100 mayors. - 05 co operations. - 109PCD. - 333 MPP. - 315 (item listed without label). - Capacity building and training - 1,860 elected people and commune officials trained. - 198 regional officials trained, of which: - 88 in regional scheduling. - 66 in management and leadership. - 42 in Follow-up, support-advice. - Financial capacity strengthening - Study on FDL completed (Intermediate indicator). - Survey of the Local Development Fund (FDL) achieved and validated. - Establishment of Local Development Funds. - More than 17.2 billion Ariary of subsidies allocated to communes and regions. - Improved local tax returns through an operational interministerial task force. - Institutional reforms and systems - Adoption of the new organization chart for MDAT. - Training of MDAT officials. - Establishment of an operational Geographical Information System (GIS). - Setting up of a Centre d’Analyse et Prospective (CAP). - Intranet network and internet connection established. - 05 partnership conventions signed. - 06 Regional Directorates supported. - Constraints and challenges (noted for 2005 and outlook for 2006) - Insufficient IEC on Decentralization. - Lack of activity consistency and harmonization regarding decentralization and local development. - Delay in starting overall training, particularly in provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toliara, due to harmonization and finalization issues in training modules. - A lag problem led to changes in the orientations of some PRDs. - Challenges for 2006: provide consistency and harmonization of decentralization/local development activities; better integrate land management into PRDs; have an operational Local Development funds in 2006. - Recommendations - Regarding Monitoring Evaluation Method: adopt one single template for reports and agree on the various monitoring structures. - Regarding development and implementation of PGE: ensure better coordination in the development and implementation of assignments involving two (02) or several Ministries (case of local tax returns and Local Development) and coordinate the contribution of donors regarding national objectives (e.g. developing PCDs). ### De-concentration — indicators, achievements and constraints - Objectives and indicators (Table 34 highlights) - Ensure CAA geographical coverage: 62% (CAA Geographical coverage rate shown under 2004 Objectives column). - Adoption of texts: Decree n° 2005-012 on January 11, 2005 on the creation of Districts and Administrative subdivisions adopted. - Build intervention and guidance capacity: Training sessions in the 6 provinces; four training sessions completed. - Rehabilitate State administrative circumscription offices: Repair the district and administrative offices; Buildings of five Districts repaired. - Achievements in 2005 - Decree n° 2005-012 of January 11, 2005 establishing Districts and Administrative subdivisions adopted. - All District Head Officers appointed. - 65 new agents for the CAA posts recruited. - Training in legality control provided to Region and District officials in five provinces (Mahajanga, Toliara, Fianarantsoa, Antsiranana and Toamasina). - District and administration subdivision offices repaired in Morondava, Ambovombe Androy and among 03 Districts in the town of Antananarivo. - Constraints and operational issues - Credit freezing limited the achievement of programs established in advance (e.g. purchase of computer equipment and software, development of a thematic manual, rehabilitation of offices). - Capacity building and/or level updating among executives and agents in the Administration must be systematic. - Frequent movements of CAA across Regions and Districts make it difficult to undertake their census (new assignment to a post, abrogation, death). - Challenges and recommendations for 2006–2007 - Ensure effective state presence all over the Territory: 75% geographical coverage rate in CAA, and 100% coverage rate among Heads of District. - Provide training in legality control among Heads of District in other Regions. - Appointment, in 2006 and 2007, of officials for the 435 CAA posts planned in 2005 is recommended. ### Performance of Large Projects - Projects cited as being on track regarding execution: - Program of Governance and Institutional Development (PGDI/IDA). - PNUD DAP1. - USAID ACORDS. - CREAM. - PGDI contributions included: - Effective establishment of BIANCO. - Enhancement of public finance management. - Reinforcement of legal and judiciary frameworks in Madagascar. - Building capacity of regions. - PNUD DAP1, USAID, and ACORDS: provided support to the decentralization process. - USAID Program on Governance Improvement in Targeted Areas: supporting the participative process and the civil society in regions. ### Economy and Budget — performance, indicators and analysis - Program objectives for Economy and Budget (five specific objectives) - (i) develop the mid term macroeconomic framework and forecasts compatible with the poverty reduction strategy and maintaining the large balances; - (ii) have instruments to analyze, coordinate, monitor and evaluate sectoral and regional development policies and strategies; - (iii) implement a reliable information system required for knowing the economic and financial situation of the country; - (iv) establish a budget policy as an instrument for the orientation and promotion of economy, resulting in an increase of the incomes and a control over public expenditures which are in compliance with the priority global and sectoral objectives; - (v) update and implement the privatization program in an optimal manner. - Key indicators and achievements (Table 35 excerpts) - Publish the LF 2005 and CDMT 2005-2007: Framework of the LF 2005 and CDMT 2005-2007 published; Justification and CDMT published. - Instruments developed and extended: Manual of follow-up-assessment of the programs/projects published. - Economic and financial information system operational: 6 main treasury offices connected via Internet; Reliable statistics. - Public finance indicators and budget allocations: - Ratio revenue to GDP: 11.2% (2004 Objectives column), 11.6% (2005 Objective column), 10,5% (2005 Achievements column). - Budget share allocated to social sectors: education, health: - 2004 Achievement: 23.41% (education), 8.34% (health). - 2005 Objective: 21.05% (education), 8.6% (health). - 2005 Achievement: 21,28% (education), 7,89% (health). - Result Analysis — macroeconomic and fiscal context in 2005 - Economic growth performance declined in 2005 compared with the objective and with 2004 achievement. - Causes of underperformance included continuous increase in energy prices and JIRAMA cash flow problems resulting in frequent power cuts that disrupted economic activity. - Decline in production led to lower public incomes and a low level of fiscal pressure in 2005. - Policy responses included budget and monetary actions: cuts in expenditures, efforts in tax recovery (customs, duties), and resort to domestic loans (BTA...) to reduce public finance deficit. - Measures decreased public sector financing needs but reduced household financing capacity and increased financing needs among enterprises. - Deterioration in tax revenues and exchange rate depreciation contributed to high inflation; inflationary tensions expected to impact interest rates and investment. - Despite constraints, Government maintained commitments to the poverty reduction strategy: significant budget allocations to the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health; social sectors were spared from cuts. - Strategic note: to boost the economy Madagascar must produce cheaper goods of good quality and lower price through judicious use of human, financial, and natural resources, the public investment program, and tax policy. ### Tourism — objectives, indicators, achievements and lessons - 2005 sector objectives - (i) diversify, valorize tourism products and promote Madagascar as a destination; - (ii) standardize activities, buildings, tourism products and sites to make them competitive; - (iii) keep Madagascar a healthy destination by preventing tourism blights (sexual tourism, drug, pedophilia, AIDS, sexual exploitation of children); - (iv) make Madagascar a safe destination through control of tourism activities bearing risks to humans and the environment; - (v) promote investment and develop tourism infrastructure and ensure good governance in the sector. - Key indicators and numeric achievements (Table 36 excerpts — preserve values as presented) - Incoming foreign currency amount per year (in MGA Billions): 288 (2004 Achievement), 252343 (appears as 2005 Objective or Achievement entry in table — preserved as in source). - Number of foreign tourists per year: 228,784 (2004 Achievement), 250,000 (2005 Objective), 277,000 (2005 Achievement). - Number of tourists involved in sex tourism and drug: 0.1%. - Number of tourists involved in incidents or accidents: 10 (2004 Achievement). - Number of environmental permits issued to tourism businesses: 56 EIE, 5 PREE. - New jobs created: 1,155 (2004 Achievement), 1,000 (2005 Objective), 1,322 (2005 Achievement). - New travel companies authorized: 36 (2004 Achievement), 124 (2005 Achievement). - New accommodation and restaurant buildings: 129 (2004 Achievement), 84 (2005 Achievement). - New operational rooms: 905 (2004 Achievement), 500 (2005 Objective), 649 (2005 Achievement). - File processing duration (days): 25 (2004 Achievement), 10 (2005 Objective), 20 (2005 Achievement). - Number of investment project files processed: 200 (2004 Achievement), 208 (2005 Achievement). - Number of RFT put to disposal: 6. - TMP validated and presented to donors: 11. - Result Analysis and drivers - Incoming foreign currency and international tourist arrivals increased: number of tourists increased by 21% in 2005; income increased by 19% in 2005. - 2005 objectives for both visitors and income were exceeded. - Contributing factors: development of ecotourism; operationalization of National and Regional Tourism Offices; promotion (film “Coast to Coast”, guides, brochures, web site); participation in international/regional events; identification of new tourism sites in Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, and Vatovavy Fitovinany. - Jobs created: annual increase rate was around 40% between 1997 and 2001; after the 2002 crisis job rate increased by 5% between 2003 and 2004 and reached 14% between 2004 and 2005; 2005 objective reached. - Standardization: guides for standards and classification developed and distributed; sensitization campaign and sustainable tourism training conducted; Green Label grading activities initiated with Chambers of Commerce in ten sites (Antananarivo, Antsirabe, Ranomafana, Toamasina, Nosy Be, Antsiranana, Toliary, Toamasina, Sainte Marie). - Environment-friendly tourism: objective largely exceeded; sensitization actions for preventing tourism blights conducted; risk activities and risky tourism sites identified and classified; sites for sustainable tourism program identified (Anakao, Toliary I, Ifaty, Beheloka, Soalary). - Lessons and challenges - Need for available, reliable, and up to date information. - Air transportation fees remain expensive. - Inexistent infrastructure in tourism zones and insufficient budget for promoting tourism. - Need for standardization of tourism activities and establishments and clearing of State owned hotels. - Challenges: set up intranet and extranet network of the Ministry; set up the agency for the promotion of tourism investment aligned with GUIDEs; strengthen open sky policy; prioritize tourism sites/infrastructure rehabilitation in development program (transport and sanitation); establish adequate financing mechanism for tourism; effectively implement the Tourism Master Plan. ### Mining — indicators and 2005 performance - 2005 sector objectives - Increase the mining sector contribution to national value added. - Provide a sound and safe environment to the mining sector and related industries. - Reduce the smuggling of mineral substance. - Key indicators and achievements (Table 37 excerpts) - Mining investments (in US$ Millions): 354 (2004 Achievement), 458 (2005 Objective), 542 (2005 Achievement). - Mining royalties collected (in MGA Millions): 207 (2004 Achievement), 270 (2005 Objective), 336 (2005 Achievement). - Mining administration fees (in MGA Millions): 212 (2004 Achievement), 1,700 (2005 Objective), 3,177 (2005 Achievement). - Mineral substance export value (in US$ Millions): 30 (2004 Achievement), 45 (2005 Objective), 104 (2005 Achievement). - Large mining investment decisions: 2 (2004 Achievement), 1 (2005 Objective). - Number of authorizations granted to private organizations that undergo the official test on gas pressure or steam device: 2 (2004 Achievement), 0 (2005 Achievement). - Result Analysis (summary start) - Satisfactory results were recorded in mining investment (significant improvement in 2005). *Source: _cr06303 - 1.860 elected and local officer* ### 2005. They indicate a 70% increase in value compared with an annual average increase of 30% ### _cr06303 - 2005. They indicate a 70% increase in value compared with an annual average increase of 30% ### Mining — results and drivers - Mining royalties collected: - they increased by 62% compared with 2004. - the objective targeted in 2005 was exceeded. - Mining administration fees: - the objective targeted in 2005 was exceeded. - Mining substance export: - indicated a remarkable increase close to 246% compared with 2004. - the annual increase was only 11% between 1996 and 2004. - the objective set for 2005 was largely exceeded. - Drivers of the 2005 outturn: - Strengthened sensitization and awareness raising actions among operators. - Efforts for setting up and strengthening transparency and good governance through the biannual publication of the list of license holders, together with the royalties. - Improved Mining Legislation and Large Mining Investment Act. - Setting up the Base for Promoting the Governance of Mining Resources (equipment, training). - Enforcement of regulatory texts pertaining to legal action against non performing operators is under way. - Promotion of decentralized management of mineral resources through strengthened activities by the “Bureau de Cadastre Minier” in income collection. - Promotion of private investment in the mining sector through skill building among IGM students and artisans in gemology and lapidary activities via long term courses at the Madagascar Gemology Institute and itinerary training in Antsirabe, Maevatanana and Betroka. - Environmental and safety licensing: - no result achieved yet in granting licenses to organizations called to test the gas or steam pressure materials. - first step is reviewing texts regulating gas or steam pressure materials and explosive or detonating substances; gathering existing texts and legislation worldwide was required first. - the study on licensing procedure is started. - Smuggling reduction: - 39 inspections and unexpected visits undertaken during operation “DIO SEHATRA” (a clearing operation). - operation allowed seizing about 12 tons of substances. - Main lessons learnt: - delay or insufficiency of information and scientific data exchange in the sector. - lack of technical knowledge among mining artisans. - poor participation of the mining sector in tax incomes. - Main challenges and priorities: - developing geological, digital maps and accelerating establishment of intranet and extranet networks. - professionalizing mining artisans through training of gold washers and collectors in all pilot communes; providing short courses in gemology and lapidary works in the regions; financial support to mining artisans. - pursuing reinforcement of mining cadastre offices. - developing and establishing a strategic and operational plan to reduce mineral substance smuggling. ### Fishery — indicators and analysis - Specific objective: - Strengthening collaboration with technical and financial partners to ensure transparent and rational management of fishing resources and ensure their sustainability. - Table 38 indicators (selected figures): - Fishing production volume (t): 139,008141,130 Not available - Income/royalties (fees) volume in the area of fisheries and aquaculture (in MGA Billions): 6.887.02 11.30 - Result analysis: - The fees/royalties amount collected in 2005 indicated a 64% increase compared to 2004. - The 2% annual increase objective is thus largely exceeded. - Performance explained by strong increase in the 2004 yield, high number of fishing licenses, prospecting licenses, and collection permits issued, and impact of semester publications in the media of the lists of fishing license holders with the status of royalty payment. - Fishing production: the 2005 achievement status is not available yet; the data are being collated. - Actions to promote fishing production: - Establishment of joint area management zones (Zones d’aménagement concerté). - Implementation of GELOSE in continental and marine fishery. - Fish stock restoration in water tables. - Establishing compatibility of fishery with the environment. - Capacity building for technical agents, fishing people and aquaculture people. ### Manufacturing Industries — indicators, outcomes, lessons - Sector objectives: - Promote foreign and domestic direct investment. - Promote partnerships between Government and Private Sector in handicraft and manufacturing industries. - Table 39 indicators (selected figures): - Jobs created: 10,93512,000 9,395 - Investment injected in EPZs (in MGA Millions): 6690 99 - Number of EPZ files authorized: 2350 15 - Number of craftsmen trained and formalized: 40050 0 900 - Number of craftsmen / factories having obtained the label of quality: 0710 15 - Result analysis: - EPZ investments grew close to 33% compared with 2004. - A 53% decline in the number of licensed EPZ companies was recorded. - A 16% reduction in job creation was recorded. - The 2005 objective in EPZ investments was exceeded, but objectives in licensed EPZ companies and job creation were not achieved. - Performance in EPZ investment due to identification and servicing of manageable areas into industrial areas, finalization of the bill on EPZs and setting up of the EPZ observatory. - Causes of decline in licensed EPZ companies: dismantling of the Multi Fiber Agreement and frequent power outages in 2005. - Number of craftsmen formalized and provided with technical and managerial skills has more than doubled, contributing to the increasing number of quality label artisans and industrial enterprises, which doubled compared with 2004. - ZFI (Tsarakofafa, Toamasina): - All surveys completed; off-site management undertaken and developer selected. - Legal resolution of the developer still expected; improvements in contracts relating to schedule for executing obligations required. - Need to establish clear separation between work on the zones and developer commitments. - Lessons learnt: - Required level for maximum information on prospective developer during management of dedicated industrial zones. - General lack of knowledge on cooperatives. - Necessity to de-concentrate support and information services. - Main challenges: - Accelerate selection of the developer following the survey and management of the dedicated industrial zone. - Extend information on cooperatives to operators, partners and decision makers. - Multiply EPA (Espaces Promotion de l’Artisanat) centers in regions. ### Agriculture and Livestock — indicators and result analysis - Sector specific objectives: - (i) facilitating good governance in the agricultural sector; - (ii) promoting diversification and processing of agricultural products by encouraging investment in rural areas and partnership between farmer organizations, village based associations, and the private sector; - (iii) reaching international quality standards for developing agricultural and agro industrial export; - (iv) increasing agricultural productivity; - (v) facilitating access to land ownership. - Table 40 indicators (selected figures): - Progress rate of institutional reform: 15% 50% 40% - Number of emergent clusters: 13 5 5 - Agricultural export values (in MGA Billions): 619,250 835,990 529,690 - Rice production volume (T): 3.030.000 3.400.000 3.420.000 - Rice yield (t/ha): 2,42 2,60 2,57 - Cattle head number: 8,109,480 9,000,000 Non available - Bovine anthrax vaccination rate: 75% ≥ 80% 78% - Area invaded by locusts and chemically treated (ha): 67,538 (80%) (80%) 138,450 (90%° - Credit Outstanding (in MGA Millions): 19,429 50,000 35,979 - Number of land titles issued: 1,800 15,000 13,700 - Result analysis and drivers: - Institutional reform progress rate measured from anticipated voluntary retirement achievements, training, and agent redeployment. - Progress recorded compared with 2004; objective set for 2005 was achieved at 80% thanks to achievements related to training of “at work” agents and the recruitment plan; agent redeployment still to be improved. - Other governance achievements: development of 4 policy documents (Land Tenure Policy Paper, Rural development Policy Paper; National Strategy for the Development of the Cotton Cluster, Livestock Sector Policy Paper); establishment of 4 new Regional Rural Development Head Offices (Betsiboka, Androy, Atsimo Atsinanana and Itasy); implementation of 13 accounting procedure and organizational audits. - Rice production: from 8% in 2004 it increased to 13% in 2005; the objective was reached. - Rice yield: from 3% in 2004 it increased to 6% in 2005 but did not reach the objective of 8%; average rice yield reached 2.57 t/ha in 2005 (from 1.8 t/ha in the 60s–2000 period to 2 t/ha and 2.57 t/ha in 2005). - Factors favoring rice improvement: good climate conditions; technical and management support via PSDR, PSSA, PHBM, and PADANE; rehabilitation of hydro agricultural networks and maintenance of irrigation canals (good water control in 88,000 ha); organization of agricultural contests; funding agricultural subprojects from PSDR; microfinance credits; road infrastructure development. - Constraints explaining low output levels and gap to objectives: insufficient production factors (fertilizers, improved seeds, funding/credits, agricultural equipment); inadequate water control; low adoption rate of improved techniques and low promotion of rain fed rice cultivation. - Cattle immunization rate recorded progress; objective for 2005 nearly reached though some area information not available; contributed by training of technicians in animal health and construction/rehabilitation of immunization corridors (PHBM). - Locust treatment: rate of treating invaded areas developed from 80% to 90% between 2003/2004 and 2004/2005; objective exceeded thanks to use of pesticides and strengthening anti-locust watch system through communication materials. - Credit outstanding for 2005 indicated a net progress close to 85% versus a 27% value increase in (text truncated). *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (extracted content).* ### 2004. The credit outstanding objective was achieved at 72%. The relevant actions contributing to such ### _cr06303 - 2004. The credit outstanding objective was achieved at 72%. The relevant actions contributing to such ### Agriculture, Emergent Sectors, Land Titles, and Farming Business Registration - Credit outstanding objective was achieved at 72%. - Relevant actions contributing to the credit outcome: - Promotion of decentralized financial systems. - Facilitation and sensitization among grassroots farmers in various financial service types provided by microfinance institutions. - Explanation for gap against the set objective: - Achievements relate only to mutual financial institutions, whereas the objective involves all financial institutions; achievements relating to non mutual financial institutions are not available. - Targeted emergent sectors achieved (clusters and locations): - litchi (Analanjirofo, Atsinanana) - shrimp breeding (Alaotra Mangoro, Betsiboka) - silk (Analamanga) - onion (Analamanga) - potato (Vakinankaratra) - Contributing measures to emergent sector results: - Partnerships between producers and operators. - Improved producers’ access to markets. - Strengthened skills among producers and the Administration via the Agricultural Export Boosting Project. - Infrastructure subprojects funding, PSDR transfers to agricultural and non agricultural activities. - Transfers of agricultural equipment (ploughs, harrows, weeding hoes, mini tractors) to producers and farmer organizations via OPMA (Small agricultural Material Operation), PSDR and PHBM. - Land titles and farming business registration: - Number of land titles established in 2005 declined to about 23% compared to that of 2004. - The related objective for 2005 was achieved at 91%. - Delays attributed to late supply of technical and office supplies; achievements relate to land tenure sector reform and computerization of land tenure and topography system. - Objective regarding registration of farming businesspeople (chefs d’exploitation) involves 5 regions: Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Menabe, Amoron’i Mania, and Haute Matsiatra. - Identification of 30% of farming businesspeople corresponding registers was identified, but registration of farming businesspeople and land title seizures could not be started due to pending acquisition of software for land title registration, organization of agent training, and credit freezing. - Agricultural export values: - Compared with 2004, agricultural export values declined by 15%. - Main constraints identified: - Non mastering of the new procedures related to the program budget. - Difficulty collecting and forwarding information from off-center entities. - Low agricultural output level, especially national average in rice. - Vanilla export price fall. - Recommended measures: - Continuation of training and permanent support to ORDSECs and GACs. - Development of community based services and extension of the intranet network. - Improvement in input supply: improved seeds and small agricultural equipment. - Promotion of small agro-industries. - Promotion of standardization and diversification of export products. - Periodical rehabilitation of rural tracks and extension of rural electrification coverage to promote communication, information systems, and small agro-industries. ### Subprogram: Environment, Water, and Forests — Indicators and Results - Specific objectives: - (i) ensuring good governance at all levels of accountability, - (ii) increasing the surface of protected areas and conservation sites, - (iii) preserving and valorizing natural resources for sustainable economic growth and better life quality, - (iv) fulfilling economic and ecological needs of the population in forest, soil, and water resources, - (v) mainstreaming environmental dimension in sector development policies and local planning. - Table 41: Key indicators (2004 Achievement / 2005 Objective / 2005 Achievement) - Number of infractions / number of controls: 6/69/9 9/9 - Surface of protected areas (ha): 500,0001,000,000 1,050,000 - Number of management plans implemented: 2 2 - Reforested area (ha): 7,30050,000 Non available - Burnt areas (ha): Non available ≤ 680,000 555,938 - Number of environmental permits issued: 1835 37 - Result analysis — governance and controls: - Despite progress in number of checks, CIREEFs coverage remains low; objective over time is to reduce infraction rate while multiplying and extending checks to all CIREEFs. - Recommendation: monitor number of checks undertaken and number of checked infractions rather than only the infraction ratio. - Number of checks targeted achieved at 100%; checks undertaken in CIREEFs: Fianarantsoa, Mainitirano, Toamasina I, Antsohihy, Ambatondrazaka, Taolagnaro, Antalaha, Ambositra, Moramanga; related to 102 units (artisans, woodworkers, art galleries, sale depots, trucks). - Checked infractions objective achieved at 100%; contributing actions: six months publication of list of permit holders with royalties status, field inspections in Menabe, SAVA, Analanjirofo, Amoron’i Mania, Atsinanana, Alaotra Mangoro, Andrefana, Boeny; establishment of planning and monitoring evaluation system; implementation of forest administration reform separating check function from design/support/monitoring functions. - Protected areas and management plans: - Surface of protected areas doubled in 2005 compared with 2004; 2005 objective reached. - Contributing actions: definition of legal and judicial framework for protected area system and communication campaign in 6 Faritany with involvement of deconcentrated services and local decision makers. - Management plans: 2 management plans implemented as per the 2005 objective — integrated management plan from the Land and Water Initiative in rural commune of Anjepy and management plan of the Prunus Africana cluster. - Contributing actions: transfer of management of natural resources to grassroots communities (close to 100,359 ha); development of procedures and Streamlined Development and Management Plan; reinforcement of ministry environmental units; start of zoning process and preliminary forest zoning maps; cluster valorization plans; wetland management plans (6,900 ha with interim status). - Burnt areas, reforestation, and permits: - Burnt areas: 2004 information not available. Compared with 2002–2003 annual average, extent of burnt areas in 2005 decreased to close to 9%; reduction objective reached. - Actions: creation of 14 fire squads and 2,053 committees of fire prevention in 1,695 fokontany; sensitization campaigns and missions; bonuses to deserving communes in fire prevention. - Number of environmental permits nearly doubled versus 2004; objective achieved. Contributing factors: 6 operational MECIE resource centers (Antsiranana, Nosy Be, Antsirabe, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Fianarantsoa); establishment of Environmental Operating Reports (Tableaux de Bord Environnemental); setting up of a website. - Reforestation achievement data not available yet. Reforestation promotion actions: establishment of 7 Land Reserves for Reforestation, production of 50,000,000 young plants, distribution of ravintsara plants to 150 communes, and jatropha plants to 40 communes. - Foundation for Protected Area: - Operational at 80%. - Contributing factors: legal establishment, decree stating public usefulness, recruitment of staff, identification of funds, subscription of initial capital: government: Ariary 1.1Billion; WWF: US$ 1Million; Conservation International: US$ 1Million. ### Program 8 — Development and Revitalization of the Private Sector: Indicators and Results - Overall objective: revitalize private sector so it participates up to 12 to 14% in the investment rate. - Specific objectives: (i) promoting domestic and foreign private investment and public-private partnership; (ii) fostering good governance in Industry, Trade and private sector development. - Table 42: Key indicators (2004 Achievement / 2005 Objective / 2005 Achievement) - Amount of private investments (in MGA Millions): 3,600 5,000 3,160 - Ratio Private investment to GDP: 12.2% ≤ 14% 12.3% - Number of enterprises created at GUIDE: 817 820 882 - Number of regional CAPEs set up: 05 02 02 - Execution rate in development and boosting of the private sector: _ 30% 10% - Result analysis: - Amount of private investment decreased between 2004 and 2005; 2005 objective not reached. - Private investment ratio to GDP increased by 0.1 (from 12.2% to 12.3%); related objective in 2005 not achieved (≤ 14%). - Number of enterprises created at GUIDE increased by close to 8% between 2004 and 2005; 2005 objective exceeded. - Actions contributing to enterprise creation: setting up regional GUIDE branches in Nosy Be and Taolagnaro; reducing required documents and service costs at GUIDE in collaboration with IG2P; materializing partnerships; missions to extend support for investment promotion; efforts to improve business environment (development of Investment Charter and PPP Conduct Code; publishing Baromètre des Entreprises à Madagascar); securing investment via membership to Agency for Trade Insurance; developing Bilateral Agreements for Investment Promotion and Protection. - Execution rate of program for developing and boosting private sector was 10% versus objective of 30% due to startup delays linked to recruitment procedure problems. - Lessons learnt: inadequate preparation for organization of promotion missions abroad; impossibility to organize training sessions in Madagascar by APPI experts. - Challenges: professionalize investment promotion missions abroad and provide budgetary financial resources required for capacity building in promoting APPIs. ### Program 9 — Development and Intensification of Structuring Infrastructure: Transports, Roads, and Meteorology - Ministry responsibilities: design, implement, and monitor government policy in public works and transports. - Objectives include: - have a good condition road network of 14, 000 Km by 2015; - ensure maintenance of the road network as a whole; - promote good functioning of railways by private enterprises; - improve quality of services in ports and reduce cost; - encourage development of competitive air transports; - improve meteorology and national alert systems. - Table 43: Selected indicators and 2004 Achievement / 2005 Objective / 2005 Achievement (excerpt) - Length of earth roads repaired (km): 482 1,500 977 - Length of rural and access roads (km) — intermediate: 1,261 829 - length of rural trails – HIMO (km): 24 20 - length of rice field tracks (km): 215 52 - length of opening up roads: 130 76 - length of FID repaired rural trails: 469 403 - Length of national roads repaired (km): 1,145 1,500 805 - Length of roads maintained (km) — specific: 7,000 7,000 7000 - Length of the road network maintained (km) — intermediate: 7,000 7,000 7200 - Progress rate of the transportation sector reform: 10% 100% 65% - Progress rate of establishment of autonomously managed ports: 4 ports 50% - Progress rate of concession of non autonomous ports: 4 ports 70% - Have port compliance with ISPS standards: 6 ports 70% - Number of physical infrastructures repaired and modernized (%): 20% 100% 75% - Build national capacity in meteorology — intermediate: - weather stations repaired: 09 60% - weather stations modernized: 100 25% - rainfall stations: 04 75% - agriculture and weather stations: 05 100% - satellite systems set-up: 02 100% - meteorological assistance (number of cultivation zones): 100 100% - Result analysis: - Overall significant improvement in evolution of indicators, but mixed balance in road rehabilitation: - rural tracks: 805 Km / 1,500 Km (achievement) - national roads: 977 Km / 1,500 Km (achievement) - Decline in performance in 2005 attributed to weak performance of Executive Secretariat of the Sector Transport Program in management and monitoring of World Bank financed projects, leading to cancellation before planned end and resorting to external firm for administrative and fiduciary management. - Limited absorption capacity of the sector explains poor performance; additional reasons include increase in unit costs of works due to inflation and downward adjustment of forecasts because of regulation in public expenditures. - Road maintenance shows net improvement: 7,200 km / 7,000 km (102%). - Current maintenance involves networks as a whole on an ongoing (annual programming) basis and integrates needs related to engineering works. - National meteorology performance: close to 75% in rehabilitation and modernization of physical infrastructure due to satellite systems and meteorological assistance. - Principal meteorology activity: set up the national precautious alert system for tsunami prevention. ### Subprogram: Land Management — Objectives and Indicator Snapshot - Specific objectives: - (i) strengthening management and regulation of urban services, - (ii) creating an environment enabling urban infrastructure and services development, - (iii) securing the agglomerations. - Table 44: Indicator excerpt - Satisfaction of the population as regards the services provided — Specific 2004: 100% / 2005 Objective: 90% / Achievements: (not provided in supplied excerpt) *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (content unit provided).* ### 1. Master Town planning Programs & ### 1. Master Town planning Programs & simplified town planning Programs ### Overview - Operations conducted to reinforce cooperation between communes (intercommunalité). - Regions provided with Regional Planning and Development Program (SDAR). - Objectives: Strengthen management and regulation of urban services; Create an urban infrastructure and services environment that enables development; Secure agglomerations. ### Policy, legal, and planning instruments - 2. letter of Policy - 3. Housing Policy - 4. Town planning Law - 5. Master Plan for Sanitation (PDAV) of town of Toliara - Official formalization in 2006 - Toliara PDAV postponed to 2006 - SDAR postponed to 2006 ### Institutional arrangements and capacity building - Technical unit set-up - TORs of consultants and steering committee - Members appointed - TORs finalized - Ditto (validation and other iterative steps) ### Town planning outputs and validations - 20 plans validated - 2 town planning operations - Validation noted as completed (Ditto) - Law validated ### Specific projects and infrastructure works - 6. Ambohimalaza bus station - 7. Madagascar’s commune streets - 8. construction and/or repair of road transportation terminal infrastructures - 9. creation of new towns - 10. provide and/or build equipment to communes - 11. Mandroseza lake protection project ### Physical works and equipment (reported achievements) - The bus station construction program is achieved - 205 KM of roads and transportation infrastructures (urban ways, streets, parking lots, stairways...) - 24 structuring equipment (market, commune office, bus station...) - 45 assisting equipment (WC, shower booths, garbage bins...) - 45% of initial program (progress indicator) - 163,.83 Km of tracks/ways constructed and/or repaired - 7 markets repaired and planned - 3 bus stations constructed and/or repaired - 9 commune offices - 4 WC/shower booths - 2 tractors and 4 trailers - 1 slaughterhouse - 15 garbage bins - 8 green parks - 1 technical unit of TVM arranged - “Analamanga gate” arranged ### Urban development units and plans listed - 10 PDUi - 10 PSU - 1 bus shelter and one sanitation plan ### Performance indicators and progress percentages - PGE: 15 regional development plans approved - Regions developed: 75% - Specific Socioeconomic exchanges developed: 100% - Intermediate target achieved: 80% - On-site investment rate increased: 100% - Secure agglomerations: 85% ### Intended outcomes - Strengthen management and regulation of urban services - Create an urban infrastructure and services environment that enables development - Specific: On-site investment rate increased; Secure agglomerations; Socioeconomic exchanges developed *Source: _cr06303 - 1. Master Town planning Programs &* ### 12. infrastructure repairs in the ### 12. infrastructure repairs in the peripheral communes of Antananarivo (APIPA: authority for the protection of Antananarivo plain against floods) ### Mandroseza lake protection and flood security in Antananarivo - Environmental study on the project of protecting the Lake of Mandroseza: achieved at 100%. - APIPA focused on rehabilitation of infrastructure in the peripheral communes of Antananarivo for preventing flood: achieved at 80%. - Recommendation / emphasis: sustain effort in protecting the Lake of Mandroseza and concentrate means on securing the agglomeration of Antananarivo against flood. ### Result Analysis (infrastructure, urban services, and administrative tools) - First specific objective (land planning tools to CTD and respect of procedures; promotion of intercommunality): achieved at 90%. - Socioeconomic exchanges improved via resumption of urban, suburban, and rural dynamics through collective social, cultural, and economic infrastructure equipment. - Ambohimalaza station construction: built at 45% compared to the initial program due to inadequate financing. - Planned program on development of enabling urban infrastructure and services: achieved at 80%. - Conclusion: continued focus needed on Mandroseza protection and overall agglomeration flood security. ### Subprogram: Energy — objectives and performance highlights - Government policy aims: provide sustainable, good quality energy at reasonable prices; create institutional framework to assist and support operators and investors. - Specific objectives: (i) institutional and organizational reform; (ii) capacity building for ORE and ADER; (iii) increase access to electricity; (iv) rational energy/environment management; (v) provide hydrocarbon supply system. Key indicators and achievements (2005): - National Energy Program (PNE) validated; PNE approval/officialization effort to be sustained. - Restructure JIRAMA: 100% (performance rate table). - Management contract implemented: 75% (intermediate) / under way / 100% (table entries show mixed stage labels). - PNE validated during Energy Symposium held in October and November 2005; expected to facilitate Cabinet approval. - Tariff adjustments: a 10% increase in July 2005 and a 35% increase in November 2005. - Electrification: overall achievement at 25% (noted as poor performance vs objectives). - Electricity access rate in 2004: 23.92%; 2005 achievement: 25.31%. - Number of villages provided with electricity (achievements): 08 by extending the network; 35 in decentralized mode; 2 photovoltaic system — table indicates mixed percentages and notes (e.g., 60%). - Low cost expansion plan and independent electricity production indicators: mixed progress; PGE start a hydroelectric power plant noted. - Sahanivotry hydroelectric (PGE indicator): equipping/construction AHE of Sahanivotry — 20% execution (earthworks, access road, intake works). - Number of economical stoves distributed / reforested area: target 50,000 stoves / 1,100 ha reforested; achievements: 35,000 stoves / 820 ha (table entries). - Hydrocarbon sub-sector: SNIH and RCEH setup and product quality standardization are under way/at various stages; MEM website/intranet to be set up rapidly. Result analysis (energy): - PNE validated at symposium; Cabinet approval pending. - Electrification program needs improved action plan for villages (network) and stronger decentralized-mode efforts to increase household connections for 2006. - Customs clearance delays for electric material and equipment impede network extension and rural electrification. - Capacity building for ADER and completion of ORE regulations and procedures will expedite electrification. - Sahanivotry hydroelectric execution at about 20%—works limited to earthworks, access roads, water intake. - SINH, RCEH, and MEM intranet/website implementation must be accelerated for hydrocarbon sub-sector development. ### Subprogram: Post, Telecommunication and Communication — objectives and performance highlights - Sector objectives include: develop postal services, promote ICT for all, develop National Telecommunication Backbone, ensure international fibre connections, set up techno poles with private sector, guarantee access to information and freedom of expression, promote multimedia/ICT services, and ensure active communication for social/economic development. Postal services and financial services: - Postal financial services: achievements described as satisfactory due to personnel capacity building, new management tools, and application of a professional code of ethics. - CCP-related actions: products and reforms underway; number of savers referenced (e.g., 60,000; 120,000; 105,000 in table entries). ICT access and remote centers: - 16 remote centers planned per year (2005-2007); work on mid-way due to delay in purchasing computer materials. - Achievements: first phase of rural ICT access study with World Bank achieved at 100%; sensitization in three pilot zones (Vakinankaratra, Boeny, Anosy) complete; “Internet Bus” project started and achieved at 100%. - Telma and Gulfsat: deployment of a VSAT network to complement the national optic fiber backbone. National optic fiber backbone and international connectivity: - Calls for bids started by Telma on three main axes: Toliara-Antananarivo; Toamasina-Antananarivo; Antananarivo-Mahajanga. - Telma signed MOU in the EASSY Consortium (integration into EASSY noted). - National optic fiber backbone and VSAT deployment: progress described; PGE optic fiber for national backbone set up with a PGE indicator showing 85% (table entry). - Implementation of connectivity programs for rural areas undertaken (workshops, taskforce creation). Telecommunication sector organization and regulation: - OMERT restructuring / ARTEC regulator setup: table entry indicates 90%. - Develop National Telecommunication Program (PNT): Cabinet approval and promulgation of laws on telecommunications and ICTs — table entries indicate 100% for development/promotion actions. Communication and media: - Extension and modernization of radio/TV stations: equipment endowment and modernization achieved at 85%. - Training and production: producers trained; community mobilization agents trained (120 agents, 100% achieved); audiovisual equipment targets listed (digital cameras, editing computers, etc.) with target numbers. Result analysis (post, telecom, communication): - Postal financial services improvements and international parcel services secured. - Postal Sorting Center relocation and outsourcing improved mail processing. - VSAT deployment with Telma/Gulfsat reinforced national communication infrastructure; bid process for three main optic fiber axes started. - Synergy among Ministry entities led to completion of first phase rural ICT access study at 100% and successful pilot activities. - ICT setup in Administration (E-governance) satisfactory with government intranet pilot; support provided to Prime Minister’s Office. - Extension/modernization of regional radio/TV limited by delays in funds disbursement; national RNM/TVM modernization achieved at 85%. ### Program 10: Opening to the Global Competition — International Relations and Trade International Relations (subprogram) - Objectives: improve communication with embassies/ministries and professionalize MAE staff; strengthen Madagascar’s participation in bilateral, regional, and multilateral systems. - 2005 achievements: - Opening of two (02) Malagasy embassies abroad (Bern and Libya). - Presentation of fifteen (15) credentials by foreigners. - Establishment of two (02) economic, commercial, and cultural partnerships. - Professionalizing MAE staff: 97 trained vs 52 intended (achievement ~187%). - Missions/outputs: 22 missions and 13 investors sent by bilateral representations; 114 projects (67 bilateral, 47 multilateral); 12 projects by regional cooperation organizations. Trade (subprogram) - Specific objective: leverage membership in international organizations to develop exports. - Export indicators: - Export values (in SDR Millions): 2004 = 669.11; 2005 Objectives = 802.93; 2005 Achievements = 571.66. - Export / GDP: 2004 = 29.1; 2005 Objectives = 39.6; 2005 Achievements = 28.2. - Exports of textile products (in SDR Millions): 2004 = 294; 2005 Achievements = 210. - Result analysis: - Export value increased 10% between 2003 and 2004, then declined 15% between 2004 and 2005. - Export target reached at 71% (2005 achievements vs target). - Declines driven by key products (vanilla and textile) decreasing by close to 28%. - Challenges: non-application/misunderstanding of texts, delays in information collection for trade newsletter, non-effective website connectivity for external trade. - Actions: plan material development (capacity building, radio programs, brochures), intensify sensitization missions, set up inter-ministry partnership, boost trade information system. ### Performances of Large Projects - Noted projects/programs and contributions: - PNUD/DAP 1 and FNUAP supported national monitoring-evaluation system implementation. - CREAM conducted economic analyses (IG2P, regional integration, investment climate, exchange rate depreciation, oil price increase impact). - PDSP2 increased tourist numbers and infrastructure capacity; facilitated investment procedures. - PSDR activities focused on project financing. - PGRM achievements: geophysical survey work. - EPIII: satisfactory environment mainstreaming and increased protected areas surface, but performance poor vs objectives. - Transport and infrastructure projects (PNER/UE; PNOEA/UE; Cyclone Damage Project/UE/BADEA/BAD; RN6 rehabilitation/BAD; PST/PTR/PIIT/BM; Urban Infrastructure Project II/BM; FER/multi donors; HIPC/Japan/USAID/AFD funded projects) showed satisfactory performance, especially ADB Group financed projects. - Project II for Development of The Energy Sector contributed to rural/suburban electrification and JIRAMA reforms. - ICT for All improved telecommunication access rate. - USAID Broadened Critical Markets program increased exports among 29 companies adopting Business Best Practices. - PDSP 2 aided private investment promotion via capacity infrastructure and regulatory studies (Investment Charter) and trade representations (Business Brokers). ### Social aspects — Education, Research, and Health summaries Fundamental Education (Program 11) - Overall objective: universalize Fundamental Education and improve quality/relevance. - Key achievements and indicators: - Education For All (EFA) document updated and validated; PGE Cabinet approval objective referenced. - Catalytic Funds mobilized: US$ 10 millions for 2005, US$ 25 millions for 2006, US$ 25 million for 2007; new financing: US$ 20 million from Norway and Euro 17 million from AFD (noted in text). - Completion rate and repetition improvements; pupil/textbook/teacher metrics presented in tables: - Completion rate target/achievements entries (examples): 2004 values include 47 overall; 2005 targets and achievements listed in table with mixed entries (e.g., 60, 48, 60). - Number of textbooks distributed: 1,139,966 (2004) vs 1,041,700 (2005 objective) and 1,200,030 (achievement per table entries). - Recruitment of new teachers: 1,900 recruited (2005 target/achievement entries). - Number of classrooms built (Public Primary schools): 1,423 classrooms (69.4%) built/rehabilitated (achievement). - MENRES budget share allocated to EPPs increased (table shows 54.3 then 64.0 and achieved entries). - Result analysis: - EFA validation enabled additional financing. - Recruitment of 1,900 teachers, creation of 7,500 new posts, increased subsidies to 25,870 FRAM teachers improved pupil/teacher ratio. - 1,423 EPP classrooms built/rehabilitated — objectives not fully reached relative to targets. - MENRS Action Plan developed, validated, and implemented; budget share to EPPs increased. - Conclusion: objectives for school year 2004-2005 achieved, but challenges remain for secondary education capacity absorbing new pupils. Post-Fundamental Education - Objectives: improve Secondary Education quality; train young qualified people for jobs; develop work-environment skills; improve tertiary education quality. - Key indicators and achievements: - Recruitment in Lycée: 234 teachers recruited vs 250 objective. - Construction/rehabilitation: 45 classrooms for Secondary Education; tertiary infrastructure works across six universities with specific campus entries (e.g., Mahajanga, Toamasina, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Toliara, Antananarivo) indicating varied repairs and constructions. - Vocational and technical training: 1,168 trainees; 234 recruitments; 13 programs developed; 4 curricula developed; 850 (target/achievement entries). - Creation of 8 new training courses responding to socioeconomic needs. - Result analysis: - Secondary education capacity increased via 45 classrooms and 234 teacher recruitments. - Training/employment adequacy improved; trainers’ technical improvement and 8 new courses created. - Skills development for work environment objectives largely exceeded (modern agriculture and livestock training; maintenance of agricultural equipment). - Tertiary infrastructure works contributed to increased tertiary capacity. Research (subprogram) - Objectives: strengthen scientific/technical cooperation and valorize research. - Indicators and achievements: - Strategic documents: first draft at 30%. - Number of conventions signed: 03. - Pre-extension of research results: achieved at 40%. - Production targets: 30 tons of rice seeds; 250,000 fingerlings; 1,500 disease resistant banana plants; 50,000 disease resistant cassava cuttings (table indicates production activities and other outputs). - Outputs listed: 41 documents published, 1,867 learners trained, 1 regional structure set up. - Result analysis: - Strategy defined; financing obtained from Competitive Funds for Applied Research (FCRA/PSDR). - Pre-extension of research results achieved at 40%. Health (Program 12) — Health, Family Planning, STD/HIV/AIDS, Ethics, Nutrition Health subprogram — objectives and indicators (selected) - Maternal mortality rate for 100,000 living births: 2004 = 469 (EDS 2003/2004); next survey target: reduce to 36 by 2009 (note in table: “Next survey in 2009: the maternal mortality rate reduced to 36 for 100, 000 living births”). - Child and infant mortality rate for 1,000 living births: 2004 = 94 (EDS); table entry shows 285 and 84.8 in mixed columns. - DTC, Hepatitis B3 immunization coverage rate for children under one year (%): 2004 = 75.1; 2005 achievement = 87. - Rate of professionally assisted births in CSBs (%): 2004 = 26,1; 2005 = 19.7 (decline). - Complete immunization rate for children from 1 to 11 months (%) and other immunization indicators: table entries show notable increases for immunization coverage. - Plague lethality rate: objective <14; achievement = 8,3. - Population ratio for one CSB: 2004 = 1/5612; 2005 objective = 1/7523; 2005 achievement = 1/________ (table entries show mixed values, e.g., 1/7523 then 1/________). (Note: source contains mixed table formatting; reported achievements include number of functional public CSB = 2,383 then 2,266 in alternate columns.) - Number of functional public CSB: table shows 2 383 (one column) and 2 266 (another). Health result analysis (selected findings) - Immunization coverage improved: DTC/Hepatitis B3 coverage from 75.1% in 2004 to 87% in 2005 due to outreach and ACD (Atteindre Chaque District) approach and RRI/PEV of 100 days in 111 SSD. - Assisted births in CSBs declined from 26,1% in 2004 to 19.7% in 2005 despite MSR training and CSB rehabilitation/equipment—partly due to integration of trained traditional birth attendants and home deliveries assisted by health staff. - IMCI reviewed (July 2005); National Policy for Child Health developed and validated; 52 IMCI functional sites set up in 2005 (objective achieved) though community coverage remains insufficient. - Plague lethality objective (<14%) achieved; result = 8,3%. - Malaria prevention: impregnated bed nets and rapid test kits acquired and distributed, but net coverage still inadequate. - Non-transmissible disease prevention: oral health promoted; dentistry centers target achieved; further efforts needed at commune level. - Eye health: 3/3 hospital centers supplied with equipment; 49/49 CSB2 supplied with cardiovascular screening kits; 3,879 blinding cataract operations performed. - Access to quality health services: construction of 170 CSB started (107 by FID); 197 CSB built and equipped; some damage from cyclones and some community-built CSB not standardized; new CSB not operational due to delays in staff assignment. - Drug availability objectives not achieved; stock outages contributed to decreased outpatient consultation rates in CSBs. - Human resources: staff coverage rate for CSB1/CSB2 not achieved; recruitment and assignment delays and insufficient budget posts noted. - Human resource outputs: 511 doctors, 699 paramedical staff, 152 administrative agents, 141 ECD integrated, 43 surgeon dentists under concession, graduation of 362 paramedical students; official graduation of 30 Public Health specialist doctors, 20 anesthesia and intensive care agents, and 15 paramedical executives. - National health Policy 2006-2008 updated; health information and management system assessed and updated; 22 Regional Health and Family Planning Directorates set up; health component integrated into PCD and PDR. - System for managing extremely poor people among CSB: PGE objectives achieved. Family Planning subprogram - Contraceptive use coverage rate (%): - 2004 = 7.0 - 2005 Objectives = 5.9 - 2005 Achievements = 5,3 - Result analysis: - Contraceptive coverage declined vs 2004; objectives not achieved. - Achievements: integrated contraceptive supply with essential drugs via SALAMA purchasing group; development of a 10-year purchase plan; 161 new PF sites set up (including 14 Norplant sites); total operational PF sites = 2,246. - Recommendation: continue securing contraceptive products, facilitate quality FP services, strengthen access and sensitization. STD/HIV/AIDS subprogram - Institutional framework indicators: - Number of CLLS set up: 2004 target 550; 2005 achievement = 383. - Number of sub-projects financed: 2004 = 12; 2005 achievement = 3. - % communes sensitized: 2004 = 35; 2005 achievement = 24,6. - Information and prevention: - Number of TV and radio programs broadcast: 2004 = 264; 2005 = 264. - Number of OCBs financed: 2004 = 1,550; 2005 = 1,051. - % blood bags screened: 2004 = 100; 2005 = 98. - Care services: - Number of PLHIV taken care of and other service indicators show mixed/ND entries in table. - Legal/ethics: - Law n° 031/2005 relative to Rights in HIV and PLHIV protection adopted by National Assembly and approved by the Senate. - Result analysis: - Community and decentralized coordination structures (CLLS) and commune sensitization progressed but remain below targets. - Communication plan for behavior change implemented; OCB financing achieved at 68%. - PLHIV management objectives broadly achieved; CTV set up or repaired; personnel trained. Ethics subprogram - Ethics Code updates: Ethics Code of doctors and the Public Health Code updated in 2005. Nutrition subprogram (brief) - Objectives: mainstream malnutrition prevention across sectoral policies; intensify prevention and access to information. - Indicator actions mentioned: set up memoranda of understanding with partner ministries; develop nutrition sectoral plans (table entries truncated in source). *2005 PRSP Progress Report (excerpts).* ### 1. Agriculture, ### 1. Agriculture, ### 1. Agriculture, - 1. Agriculture, - 1 Agriculture, ### References / Codes - 1 (MAEP/ONN) *Source: _cr06303 - 1. Agriculture,* ### 1. integrate and ### 1. integrate and ### Prevention of malnutrition: integration and prioritization - Specific indicator: Number of regions/communes having integrated the prevention of malnutrition in their PCD/PRD - 22 regions - Intermediate indicator: Number of communities having a sensitization plan in PCIME (IMCI) - 167 communities (CRS) - Specific indicator: Number of functional community nutrition sites having adopted the PNAN model - 110 PNNC pilot sites of the 22 communes - 110 pilot sites - 2004 baseline and 2005 achievements (selected indicators and targets) - Number of operational community sites: 3,640 PNC sites (2004 baseline listed as 3,640) - Number of schools supplemented with iron and de-worming tablets: Objective 9,270; Achievement 11,274 schools - Number of schools having a school feeding system: Objective 274; Achievement 289 schools - Number of baby/child friendly workplaces (LTAB): Objective 5; Achievement 3 LTAB (achievement reported elsewhere as 5 LTAB then 3 LTAB) - Number of child/baby friendly communes (CAB): Objective 5 CAB; Achievement 2 CAB - Number of children cared for at community nutrition sites: Objective 653,166; Achievement 728,000 - Proportion of malnourished children between 0 to 59 months externally cared for at the CSB: Objective not numeric; achievement presented as 35% (*) in community sites (objective was 40% overall malnutrition) - Number of Vitamin A supplemented for children: Objective 602,441; Achievement 3,074,695 - Number of de-wormed children: Objective 2,983,037; Achievement 4,659,238 - Number of iron supplemented for children: Objective 1,450,536; Achievement 790,816 - Number of primary schools having completed the iodine salt screening: Objective 9,270 schools; Achievement 3,417 schools - Number of operational Intensive Nutritional Recovery Centers (CRENI): Objective 36; Achievement 44 CRENI (36 CRENI also listed) - Management of children struck by severe or moderate malnutrition: improved among 966 children - Result analysis (2005) - ONN activities effectively started; ONN is the intervention and actor coordination body in Nutrition. - Protocol objectives and the sectoral nutrition plan established with partner Ministries were achieved at 50% despite delay in making available Budget support funds allocated to ONN in 2005. - Mainstreaming strategies: 22 pilot communes identified (one commune per region). - Malnutrition prevalence rate among community sites achieved at 35% versus an objective of 40%. - De-worming and Vitamin A supplementation improved compared with last year; significant efforts still required in iron and iodine salt supplementation in schools. - Objectives on number of operational sites and school feeding structures are achieved. - Emergency intervention coverage: 81% CRENI are operational. - 84% of mothers participating in nutritional education; radio program broadcast achieved 98% of objectives. ### Improvement of access to drinking water and sanitation (Program 13) - Specific objectives: Improving the access to drinking water; Improving the access to sanitation infrastructure - Selected indicators, objectives and achievements (2004 baseline / 2005) - % of population having a sustainable access to a drinking water source: 29.4 (2004) → 31,3 (2005) - Number of installed works: Objective 300; Achievement 243 - Number of functional drinking water supply systems: Objective 300 (PGE); Achievement 243 (81%) - Rate of access in sanitation facilities % (INSTAT): 50.0 (2004) → 50,7 (2005) - Number latrines built and used: 3442 - Availability of National Water policy / National Program: National Drinking Water Access Program (PGE) — National Program available; National Policy available - Diorano WASH program scaling up: 20 NGOs and Associations trained - Result analysis (2005) - Access rate to drinking water improved by 1.9%. - PGE (AEP systems) achieved objectives at 81%. - Access to sanitation facilities improved from 50% in 2004 to 50.7% in 2005, largely due to latrine construction and a developed communication strategy. - Draft national sanitation policy and strategy finalized; sector water policy developed; National sector coordination policy now available. ### Reduction of exclusion and social protection (Program 14) - Subprogram Non Formal Education - Selected indicators and achievements: - PGE target 37,500 people able to read and write; Achievement 55,268 - Trained adult literacy tuition trainers: Objective 300; Achievement 244 - Sites: Objective 71 sites; Achievement 66 sites - Operational GIS/EFA: Objective 293; Achievement 293 - Adopted regulatory texts on small childhood: Objective 1; Achievement 1 - Number of trained specialized educators: Objective 400; Achievement 350 - Result analysis: Objectives exceeded for increase in literacy and improvement of preschool conditions; draft law developed relating to supervision of small childhood. - Subprogram Social Protection - Selected indicators and achievements: - Adopt the National social protection and risk management policy and strategy paper: Drafts developed (464 listed) - Number of operational structures: Institutional pattern defined and validated - Number of beneficiary vulnerable population by program type: 90 households supported; 150 mothers sensitized; 52 social cases processed - Achievement indicator: 93% - Result analysis: Important progress in development/validation of first drafts of National policy and strategy; sector plans being developed; institutional pattern for operational structures defined and validated; financing and cost efficiency analyses of programs achieved; tangible support actions (food support, sensitization) implemented. - Subprogram Population and Social Development - Selected indicators and achievements: - Number of officials and technicians trained in population and development planning: Objective 64; Achievement 64 - % of women in decision spheres: several institution-specific percentages listed (Senate 9%, ANP 6%, Woman member of the Cabinet 1/21, Head of region 2%); Objective 300 people (50 people per province); Achievements include 6 at provincial level and 22 at regional level - Number of beneficiaries per program type and instruments adopted: multiple entries (e.g., 700 Objective → Achievement 203; 50,000 Objective → Achievement 30,068; 24,000 Objective → Achievement 42,240) - Law n° 2005-014 of August 7, 2005 on adoption promulgated - 1,500 OEV undertaken; 900 families supported (both Objective and Achievement) - Result analysis: Percentage of women in decision making remains very low despite sensitization; better planning and institutional arrangements in provinces; adoption law and application decree developed; decrease in traffic of children noted; food distribution and AGR training improved well-being of extremely poor families. - Subprogram Safety Nets - Selected indicators and achievements: - Number of jobs created (man/day and j/j metrics across programs): - ONN: 243,197 h/ day; 17,457 beneficiaries, of which 9,990 women - CEPREAS: 1,141,315 h/ day - FID: 7,741,140 h/ day - Alternative listing: ONN 499,500 j/j; 33,300 beneficiaries; CEPREAS 2,100,000 man/ day; FID 1,955,090 man/ day - Achievements elsewhere: ONN 215,750 man/ day; 17,457 beneficiaries including 7,230 women; CEPREAS 2,300,225 man/ day; FID 1,77,843 man/ day - Geographic coverage and institutions: CTD reached 15 regions, 33 districts; ONN Regions: 22; Districts: 84 - Reforested area: 61 ha; CEPREAS 350 ha; Achievement 282 ha - Infrastructure & sites built/repaired (selected): CCPREAS 184; 37; 18,010 ml; 27,841 ml; 40,093; 298,175 m2 - Small community projects in response to emergency situations: CCPREAS 247 infrastructures; 100 water supply facilities; ONN 60 projects; Achievements: CCPREAS 298 infrastructures; 72 water supply facilities; ONN 68 projects - Create full time jobs and improve incomes of farmers (CCPREAS): Objective 30 full time jobs; Objective 450 full time jobs; Achievement 347 - Build capacities of communes: Number of PCD supported Objective 218; Achievement 112 - Result analysis: Basic infrastructure building improved community living environment; 2005 objectives exceeded for community infrastructure; substantial improvements in household life quality through part time job creation (man/day basis); high demand for social protection due to inflation; financing limitations and economic deterioration limit overall sufficiency; FID benefited from a large 2004 budget for cyclone damage repairs enabling more part time jobs; tangible results in community infrastructure and commune capacity building. - Subprogram Response to shocks - Selected indicators and achievements: - Number of infrastructure restored and repaired: Objective 444; Achievement 355 - Number of beneficiaries: Objective 1,135,065; Achievement 1,135,388 - Result analysis: FID reconstruction and rehabilitation actions yielded Infrastructure: 80%, Jobs: 100% for 2005. ### Promotion of cultural diversity (Program 15) - Subprogram Culture — selected indicators and achievements - Number of advocacy campaigns undertaken: Objective 6; Achievement 3 - Number of studies and research undertaken: Objective 3; Achievement 0 then 3 (mixed entries) - Number of sensitization campaigns undertaken: Objective 8; Achievement 2 - Number of ceremonies created/supported: Objective 8; Achievement 4 - Number of living human /treasures listed: Objective 12; Achievement 0 - Number of cultural sites inventoried and valued: Objective 8; Achievement 8 - Number of events celebrated: Objective 28; Achievement 16 - Number of Malagasy participations to cultural events: Objective 8; Achievement 16 - Number of cultural centers made functional: Objective 5; Achievement 0 - Number of librarians trained: Objective 7; Achievement 2 - Number of computer equipments purchased: Objective 1; Achievement 1 - Number of effective co operations: Objective 9; Achievement 9 - Result analysis: Positive results in taking culture into account for development, promotion and preservation of Malagasy cultural identity and diversity, encouragement of reading and better distribution of local publication production. ### Youth and Sports subprograms - Subprogram Youth — selected indicators and achievements - Number of Chambers of Youth set up and operational: Objective 6 Chambers of Youth; Achievement 6 Chambers of Youth - Supervision and mobilization of vulnerable young people: Objective 40% of vulnerable young people; Achievement 35% (482, 226 young people) - Number of young athletes selected and trained: Objective 250 athletes; Achievement 348 athletes - Number of sports facilities built: Objective 12 sports facilities; Achievement 11 sports facilities (construction of multi-sports complex postponed) - Result analysis: Vulnerable young people show improved responsible behavior due to supervision and councils at all levels and operational Chambers of Youth. - Subprogram Sports — selected indicators and achievements - Number of sports facilities built: Objective 12; Achievement 11 - Number of young athletes selected and trained: Objective 250 athletes; Achievement 348 athletes - Number of stadiums and swimming pools built: Objective 6 stadiums; Achievement 9 stadiums - Sports improvement centers created: Objective unspecified; Achievement unspecified - Result analysis: Construction/rehabilitation of sport facilities and training produced positive results in sports practice and international breakthroughs by high level athletes. ### Performances of large projects - CRESED II, FID, OPEP, CRESAN II and ADB-funded projects contributed to: - Increase in enrolment rate - Construction/rehabilitation of EPPs and CEGs; teacher training and recruitment; subsidization; quality improvement of education - CRESAN II: increased rate of CSB external consultations; construction; equipment; training; malaria, tuberculosis, and bilharzias prevention (major part of objectives practically achieved) - Rehabilitation/construction of health infrastructure supported by CRESAN II, FID projects and ADB-funded projects - HIV/AIDS prevention: PMPS project develops IEC activities - USAID funded Health Project: malnutrition prevention objective nearly achieved - Contraception sales exceeded nationwide through social marketing - SEECALINE, FID, CCPREAS projects: combined efforts for poverty reduction and social protection by creating jobs and reducing child malnutrition - Water and sanitation projects showed good performance in 2005; objectives for drinking water supply works nearly achieved - Note: Sustainability of infrastructure sometimes induces problems *Source: 2005 PRSP Progress Report (excerpts from the provided PDF content).* ### 6. SYNTHESIS OF REGIONAL WORKSHOPS ### 6. SYNTHESIS OF REGIONAL WORKSHOPS ### Objectives of the regional workshops - Share relevant information of the PRSP process with regional stakeholders (provincial and regional authorities, deconcentrated service officials, private sector and civil society representatives): presentation of the National Report and the Regional Reports as regards the implementation of PRSP in terms of achievements in the first semester of 2005. - Collect information and data related to PRSP implementation at the regional scale, complementing the sectoral information provided by central level ministries, thus allowing highlighting the common points and specificities of Provinces and Regions, not only as regards achievements in development actions, but also as regards constraints and issues. - Obtain overall perceptions from regional stakeholders over the main aspects of the PRSP process: coordination of central, sectoral, and regional programming; setting up of the integrated monitoring and evaluation system of PRSP at central, sectoral, and regional levels, the main related constraints. ### Overall implementation findings (2005) - Overall slight decrease is recorded compared with 2004; explained especially by constraints linked to first implementation of the program budget: delay in financial resource disbursement, appointment and training of new officials in public expenditure execution (“sous ordonnateurs secondaires”, activity managers). - Other constraints at the regional level: - Institutional: lack of clarification in division of missions and responsibilities between central level ministries and the Decentralized Territory Local collectivities (CTD) in programming, management, and checking of action of interest to regional, commune and local development. - Technical: inappropriate capacity, in general, and human and technical resources in particular in CTDs and deconcentrated services. - Financial: insufficiency of budget resources made available to CTD for the implementation of PRD and PCD. - Despite constraints, significant achievements were recorded in the 3 strategic orientations of PRSP. ### Achievements — Governance (selected highlights) - Decentralization and deconcentration: - Training in budget management of close to 80% commune officials, especially in the provinces of Antananarivo and of Mahajanga. - Establishment of the Local Development Funds (FDL) for CTD; equipment of CTD in office supplies and means of transportation; construction of buildings for newly created communes. - Equipment in computers and communication materials, as well as office supplies for the 22 Regions. - Security: - Settling of Autonomous Security Detachments (DAS) in the Region of SAVA (2 units) and in the Regions of the Fianarantsoa Province (15 units) allowed reduction of insecurity rate by up to 90% and to give back up to 75% stolen cattle, especially in the Regions of Ihorombe and Haute Matsiatra. - Securing mining operating sites engenders decrease in crime and theft rates by 72% and under in the Region of Ihorombe. - In the province of Mahajanga: extension of Village Self Defense “Kalony” and setting up of gendarmerie stations engendered decrease in human bone thefts (tomb raids) and a cattle recovery rate of 96,5%. - Positive impacts of securing actions in rural areas tangible in the Regions of Melaky and Sofia. - Urban areas: community based police stations and better spatial coverage reduced crime and organized crime, especially in Antananarivo and Toamasina. - Justice: - Establishment of a financial and administrative court in each main provincial town; multiplication of penal courts to expedite processing of “dahalo” files, particularly in Fianarantsoa. - Penitentiary improvements: improved food, construction and rehabilitation of prison buildings; reduction of mortality rate in prisons by 1.6% in 2005, especially in Toliary. - Civil Service Reform: - “PAOTOKANA” operation conducted in 2004 and continued in 2005 regularized about twenty thousand civil servants into private workers. - Establishment of OMEF and JIVA in the Regions of Haute Matsiatra and Amoron’i Mania to reduce youth unemployment. ### Achievements — Production and Investment (selected highlights) - Economic management and planning: - Regional directorates supported regions through training in PRD development and implementation; published socioeconomic regional brochures (Antananarivo, Toamasina, Fianarantsoa); regional diagnoses and databases; regional monographs (Antananarivo, Mahajanga, Toliary). - Public Expenditure Management: - SIIGFP set up, allowing an 85% performance rate in file processing in 2005 versus 75% in 2004 for Fianarantsoa and Antananarivo. - New software and training of ordonnateurs secondaires, activity managers, and procurement officials decreased processing time from 72 hours to 48 hours and reduced rejected files from 40% in 2004 to 3% in 2005 for Antananarivo and Fianarantsoa. - Tax and arrears collection improved; in Toliary the amount collected in 2005 accounts for about 20 times more than in 2004. - Rural Development and agriculture: - Rice production increase rate went from 13% in 2004 to 15% in 2005 in the Province of Antananarivo and in the Regions of Menabe, Boeny, and Alaotra Mangoro. - Land ownership security: a 40% increase recorded between 2004 and 2005 in number of land titles distributed in Menabe and Alaotra Mangoro. - Fresh water fish production increased by 10.2% between 2004 and 2005, especially in Itasy, Alaotra Mangoro, and Betsiboka. - Cattle immunization coverage rate went from 65% in 2004 to 82.2% in 2005. - A 2% average annual cattle head increase rate is achieved in extensive breeding areas (Menabe, Androy, Sofia, Melaky, Bongolava). - Environment, Water and Forests: - Environment management transferred to grassroots communities regarding about 69% of renewable natural resources, especially in Menabe, Androy, Anosy, Melaky. - Reforestation, bushfire prevention, erosion prevention conducted; reforestation notably in Bongolava, Alaotra Mangoro, Atsinanana. - Land Management and urban planning: - Master town planning Schemes developed (Antananarivo, Antsirabe, Tsiroanomandidy, Manjakandriana); urban communes endowed with materials; commune infrastructure built and repaired, especially in Toamasina and Mahajanga. - Transport and infrastructure: - National and rural roads maintained and repaired; bridges maintained and repaired especially in Antananarivo and Toliary; transportation licenses/authorizations issued; bus stations rearranged and cleaned in Atsinanana and Analamanga. - Meteorology: - Meteorological centers set up in Bongolava, Analanjirofo, Itasy; provincial services created in Toamasina and Antananarivo. - Post and Telecommunication: - New products such as postal savings and post transportation services started; fixed and GSM mobile coverage extended; VSAT and CDMA set up for isolated areas especially in Toliary and Toamasina. - Journalists trained; radio and TV studios endowed with digital video/audio editing materials for the 22 Regions. - Trade and Private Sector Development: - Operational regional branches of CAPE and GUIDE set up; artisans and SMEs trained and formalized especially in Atsinanana, Haute Matsiatra, Amoron’i Mania. - Import products checked and standardized; export promoted — related revenues reached ten times more their value in 2004 for the Province of Fianarantsoa. - Tourism: - Double number of foreign tourist arrivals in 2005 versus 2004 especially for Antananarivo, Toliary, Mahajanga. - Tourism activities and buildings standardized and checked; ecotourism started; tourist tax stamps collection rate reached 65% in 2005 in Fianarantsoa and Antananarivo. - Mining: - Mining artisans trained; mining royalties collection rate went from 4.49 % in 2004 to 52.14 % in 2005 in Ihorombe, Androy and the Province of Antananarivo. - Export of processed mining products promoted; research and operating permits granted; Regional Mining – Forest Committees set up in DIANA, Ihorombe, Androy. ### Achievements — Social Aspects (selected highlights) - Education: - Enrolment fees and FRAM teacher subsidy management continued; in-service/on-the-job training for teachers emphasizing competency based approach. - Chefs ZAP and chefs CISCO trained and equipped; kit and textbook provision continued; repetition rate decreased from 28% in 2004 to 16.2% in 2005 in Fianarantsoa. - Vocational Training and Technical Education: - Interest bearing clusters created in Fianarantsoa and Antananarivo (Mantasoa); itinerary training organized among rural populations, especially in Amoron’i Mania. - Health: - Immunization rate among children under 1 year old increased from 46.1% in 2004 to 80.93% in 2005 in Toliary. - Professionally assisted births increased from 13.58% in 2004 to 21% in 2005 in the Regions of Bongolava, d’Atsimo Atsinanana. - Contraceptive coverage rate increased from 12 % in 2004 to 25% in 2005 in Analamanga via the Rapid Result Initiative (RRI). - CTV, PMTCT sites and Referral centers set up in AIDS prevention; STD/AlDS management continued across health centers. - Safety Net and Social Protection: - Provisional AGR created through HIMO in community infrastructure construction and repair financed by FID, ONN/SEECALINE, CCPREAS, particularly in Analamanga, Haute Matsiatra, Androy. - Basic commodities distribution continued to civil servants and wage earners with monthly income ≤ Ar 100,000 in all Regions. - Population, Youth, Sport, Culture: - EKA operation continued; green cards distributed to elderly people; literacy tuition to young school dropouts in all Provinces. - Sport facilities built; SRA extended; mass and high level sport events held; cultural festivals organized. - Librarians trained; CLEFs established especially in Fianarantsoa and Antananarivo; regional cultural events organized. --- ### 7. MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS ### General constraints identified - Two categories of constraints identified from Ministries’ PRSP monitoring for 2005: (i) general constraints, and (ii) specific constraints. - General constraints: - Execution of public expenditure: delays due to necessity to appoint and train new officials (Ordonnateurs Secondaires, Gestionnaires d’Activités), and People in charge of Public Procurement following publication of the Program Budget since 2005. - Coordination of development actions: low institutional capacities among institutions and ministries reflected in delays developing or updating national plans or programs that involve several ministries and integrate donor support. ### Cross-cutting recommendations - Continue efforts to improve inter-ministry coordination for institutional capacity building among coordination bodies at all levels: Presidency (strategic coordination), Prime Minister’s Office (operational coordination), MEFB, other Ministries, and the Regions. - Clarify missions, roles and institutional responsibilities and promote local governance to improve results and impacts of development actions. - For sectoral coordination, appoint one Ministry as Leader for achievement of some specific objectives where appropriate. - Improve transparency and information flow among Ministries through establishment of an inter-ministry database within the State Intranet to strengthen government coordination schemes. ### 7.1 ORIENTATION 1: GOVERNANCE AND RULE OF LAW - 7.1.1 Main constraints: - Institutional: lack of coordination among Ministries involved; low inter-ministry coordination in security and defense restricts overall efficiency. - Technical and financial: lack of arbitration tool for allocation of financial means required for missions of ministries involved in defense and security; ministries in charge of national security and defense lack technical resources to face magnitude of security problems in urban and rural areas. - Decentralization risk: slow strengthening of CTD and Deconcentrated Services in terms of human, material and budget means may delay decentralization/deconcentration process. - 7.1.2 Major recommendations: - Elaborate a national policy relative to the integrated defense concept that includes security and safety; involve at least 5 Ministries directly: Ministry of National Defense, Ministry in charge of Foreign Affairs, Secretariat in charge of Public Security (and others). - Attach institutional, legal, technical, and financial schemes to the Policy to achieve Government objectives regarding security and defense. - Mainstream the security dimension into national, regional, commune development Programs systematically. - Each Ministry should establish and implement a work plan relative to national decentralization/deconcentration policy under coordination of the Presidency, Prime Minister’s Office, and the Ministry in charge of Decentralization. - Ministries should be subject to a capacity building plan regarding decentralization/deconcentration. ### 7.2 ORIENTATION 2: PRODUCTION AND ECONOMY - 7.2.1 Main constraints: - Institutional: poor inter-ministry coordination in implementation of economic development programs; interdependence among sectors not adequately considered when scheduling government actions. - Example: development of telecommunication services and promotion of processing units in remote areas hindered by delay in electrification program progress. - Promotion of Tourism Investment Areas (ZIT) hindered by non-programming of required services and infrastructure (roads, electricity, water, telecommunication). - Technical and financial: limited private operator intervention capacities relative to needs in transportation and road sectors, rural development (agro-industry) and energy; shortcomings in project implementation (execution time frame, contract termination to contractor fault). - 7.2.2 Major recommendations: - Improve inter-ministry coordination in sectoral policy development and implementation and in public investment projects; use Land Management Master Plans as reference framework for infrastructure project coordination at national, regional, and commune levels. - Develop and implement a specific work plan for promotion of Public/Private Partnership to improve institutional and legal framework and provide technical and financial capacity building among private operators in priority sectors (infrastructure, rural development, energy, tourism). ### 7.3 ORIENTATION 3: SOCIAL ASPECTS - 7.3.1 Main constraints: - Institutional: poor institutional capacity of Ministries in programming, management, and monitoring and evaluation of public policies. - Technical and financial: non-appropriateness of available means to needs in sub-sectors such as Non Formal Education (ENF), Post Fundamental Education (Technical Education and Vocational Training, Tertiary Education, Research), Water and Sanitation, Youth and Sport; lack of visibility regarding sustainability of investment in social infrastructure. - 7.3.2 Major recommendations: - Prioritize support to Ministries in charge of social sectors consistent with program for strengthening public policy planning, programming, monitoring and evaluation capacities; support should include mastery of tools to evaluate financing needs for achievement of medium and long term objectives. - Develop and implement Public/private partnership strategies in social sectors to ensure action and investment sustainability. - For health sector risk mitigation: the Ministry in charge of health should decide with MEFB on solutions to improve budget execution performance, including procedure simplification and capacity building for officials in deconcentrated services. *Source: _cr06303 - 6. SYNTHESIS OF REGIONAL WORKSHOPS* ### 8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ### 8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ### Actions Completed in Monitoring Work - Since the implementation of PRSP in July 2003, improvements were brought to monitoring work: methodology and organization, relationships between institutions, working tools, thematic and regional workshops, information processing and analyses, and plans adopted for various monitoring reports. - The Technical Secretariat to Adjustment (STA) coordinates and facilitates PRSP implementation monitoring and summarizes analyses in collaboration with: - Ministries and deconcentrated Services which provide information relative to achievements and indicator evolution - INSTAT which analyzes the poverty evolution with the main PRSP monitoring indicators - Directorate General of Economy for the analysis of the economic and financial evolution, as well as budget execution per strategic orientation - Directorate General of Planning regarding project and program performance - Prime Minister’s Office initiated series of work meetings (April, May, December 2005, and February 2006) to harmonize approaches and working tools; results converged in improvement and articulation of working tools in PRSP monitoring, General Policy of the State, Public Investment Program and Public Expenditure Program. - Directorate General of Planning conducted capacity building workshops for officials at regional, commune, district, and deconcentrated service level, and for civil society in the Regions Bongolava and Itasy. Training themes included: - result oriented management - interrelations between the Millennium Development Goals, the Vision Madagascar Naturally, the PRSP, and the PRDs - monitoring and evaluation tools (logical framework, Indicators, reporting format) - manual of procedures for the regional monitoring and evaluation system ### Quarterly and Regional Workshops; Reporting - The 3 thematic groups for PRSP implementation monitoring met every quarter in 2005 (Ministries, projects, programs, private sector, civil society), conducted by PRSP Technical Unit and coordinated by STA: - February 09 and 10, 2005: situation from September to December 2004, and preparation of annual report for the year 2004. - May 10 and 11, 2005: situation from January to March 2005, and preparation of annual report for the year 2004 - July 21 and 22, 2005: situation from April to June 2005 - December 20 -21, 2005: situation from July to September 2005 - January 27, 2006: informative meeting for the preparation of 2005 annual report - Thematic group composition (January 27, 2006): - Governance: public finance, public security, national defense, decentralization, foreign affairs, administrative reform, interior, civil service, labor and social laws, corruption prevention - Economy: public management and finance, private sector / industry / handicraft / trade, tourism, agriculture / fishery / livestock, environment/ water and forests, energy / mining, transportation / public works / land management, post / telecommunication / communication - Social Aspects: health, STD/ AIDS, education, population, youth and sports, safety nets, culture, water / sanitation, nutrition - Biannual regional workshops in main provincial towns were organized in February–March 2005 (achievements 2004) and August–September 2005 (first semester 2005 achievements). Constraints: limited number of Ministries having Regional Directorates. - STA presented and distributed: - Annual PRSP implementation report for the year 2004 - PRSP implementation report in the provinces (per Faritany) - PRSP update in June 2005 - PRSP implementation reports prepared: - Monitoring report covering the whole year 2004 developed in June 2005 (to coincide with budget year) - Semester PRSP implementation report developed in November 2005 (for 2005) - Regional PRSP implementation reports: May 2005 (2004 achievements) and September 2005 (first semester 2005 achievements) ### Having an Operational PRSP Implementation Monitoring System — Lessons Learnt - Periodical and regular workshops and meetings facilitated ongoing professional relationships between STA and partners. - PRSP monitoring contributed to improvement of the information collection system at national and regional levels and effective ownership among Ministries, deconcentrated services, projects and programs. - Meetings allowed inter-sector information exchange and creation of synergies (examples: water and health sectors, FID and CEPREAS). - A partnership framework for monitoring PRSP implementation was set up with joint Government/donors reviews held twice a year in April and September. - Technical and organizational innovations introduced: - Identification of specific and intermediate indicators linked to objectives of each subprogram to improve analyses versus objectives - Harmonization of social indicators with technical and financial partners in support programs - Analysis of budget executions per strategic axis of the PRSP regarding financing of poverty reduction strategy - Organizational change: thematic workshops to be organized every four months to review public expenditure and coordinate monitoring actions ### Implementing PRSP at Regional Level — Stakes and Challenges (Lessons) - Working meetings with officials from 22 regions and STA were held to explain the current PRSP monitoring system and to put forward a plan for implementation at regional level to better articulate national and regional actions. - Operational difficulties at regional level: - Only the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries, and the Ministry of Health and Family Planning have Regional Departments. - Most Regions lack a defined monitoring structure and system to implement regional programs. - Information sharing between deconcentrated services and Regions is problematic because texts are not applied and Region officials do not have effective power over deconcentrated services. - Technical capacity in monitoring and evaluation among regional human resources and means at Region disposal are still limited. - Current financing allocated to STA and INSTAT does not cover programmed monitoring actions. ### Plan for an Operational Monitoring System (organizational elements described) - Harmonization and coordination across: - Vision and general policy of the government - PRSP/ National Development Program - Business Plan and annual work plan - PRSP implementation support program - Technical Cell PRSP / STA - Ministries / Presidency/Prime Minister’s office/MEFB/Priority Programs/Elected officials/Private Sector - Working groups: Governance; Production; Social investment; Program Budget - Regional authorities: Decentralized Services; Private Sector and Civil Society - Deconcentrated Services → Regional Development Plan → Regional Monitoring Cell ### Challenges (8.2.2) - Ministries: - Establish a monitoring and evaluation structure within each Ministry to improve information system and provide timely, reliable data covering sector achievements including private sector, NGOs, and projects. - Capacity building among institutions in charge of PRSP monitoring is necessary to improve capacities to analyze and process information; problems noted in indicator identification and interpretation. - Regions: - Set up monitoring structures to coordinate collection and processing of information on achievements by Regional Directorates, private sector, and civil society in line with Regional Development Programs. - Actions to establish an operational national coordination system must aim at capacity building, standardization of working tools, consideration of each region’s specificities (especially opening up plan), and strategic decisions to clarify and establish roles and powers of Regional Officials over Deconcentrated Services. - Technical support from STA was solicited by Regions to set up monitoring structures and to have an operational system. - Harmonization and coordination efforts initiated within President’s Office, Prime Minister’s Office, STA, and Directorate General of Planning should continue. - A committee will be set up to harmonize choice of indicators and validate their costing; committee to consist of representatives from INSTAT, the Managing Director of Planning, the Technical Secretariat to Adjustment and the involved Ministries (Health, Education, MEFB). - Collaboration with Chairpersons of the private sector is needed for enterprises data collection. - Financing needs must be considered according to programmed monitoring actions and advocacy conducted among technical and financial partners. ### Selected Key Statistics and Targets (from errata tables and health indicators) - Education and budget shares: - % of 6 year old enrolled children in primary/fundamental education: 80.0, 81.0, 94.0, 94.0, 94.0, 94.0, 94.0 - MENRES budget share allocated to EPPs (in %): 53.0, 58.0, 54.3, 60.0, 64.0, 67.0, 66.0 - MENRES budget execution Non salary recurrent: 97.4, 95.0, 93.15, 93.0, 95.0, 95.0 - MENRES Capital expenditures: 93.7, 95.0, 84.8, 90.0, 92.0, 92.0 - Repetition percentage: public + private in %: 29.0, 22.0, 29.9, 19.0, 18.2, 15.0, 12.0 - Public + private in %. urban: 20.0, 19.0, 17.5, 11.0, 8.0, 6.0 - Public + private in %. rural: 32.0, 29.0, 31.4, 27.0, 15.0, 12.0 - Pupil/teacher ratio in all Public primary schools — The whole: 59, 57, 56, 56, 60.0, 54, 53; urban: 46, 46, 49, 48, 46; rural: 60, 58, 56, 54, 53 - Drug availability rate in CSBs in % (selected): - Chloroquine or equivalent: 89.9, 95.0, 96.0, 90.0, 56.0, 91.7, 90.0, 90.0 - FAF or equivalent: 83.7, 95.0, 84.5, 85.0, 38.1, 85.5, 85.0, 85.0 - Cotrimoxazole or equivalent: 83.0, 95.0, 94.7, 90.0, 56.1, 95.2, 90.0, 90.0 - Paracetamol or equivalent: 79.4, 95.0, 90.6, 90.0, 55.2, 91.2, 90.0, 90.0 - Vitamin A or equivalent: 93.4, 95.0, 93.5, 90.0, 65.0, 90.9, 90.0, 90.0 - MSPF budget and execution: - MSPF budget share allocated to SSDs (in %): 53.65, 44.0, 54.07, 44.20, 54.20, 55.0, 56.0 - MSPF Budget execution: Non salary recurrent: 95.0, 70.7, 83.7, 85.0, 87.0, 90.0 - MSPF Capital expenditures: 99.4, 86.2, 86.2, 90.0, 57.8, 95.0, 95.0 - Delivery rate with professional assistance in all Public CSB and CHD 1, in %: 28.04, 35.0, 26.10, 27.10, 19.7, 23, 28.5, 29.9 - Public CHD 2, in %: 2.08, 2.1, 2.2, 2.1, 1.5, 2.15, 2.2 - Medical cure consultation rate in public CSBs, new case/ year: 0.57, 0.4, 0.49, 0.58, 0,45, 0.41, 0.61, 0.64 - Table 52 (Indicators for Health) selected figures: - Maternal mortality rate for 100, 000 living births: 469 (a) — target/achievement references discussed - Child and infant mortality rate for 1,000 living births: 94 (b) - DTC, Hepatitis B3 Immunization coverage rate for children under one year (%): 75.1; Objective 84,8; Achievements 84,8 - Rate of professionally assisted births in CSBs (%): 26,1; Objective 27,1; Achievement 19.7 and 23 reported - Complete immunization rate for children from 1 to 11 months (%): 53 ©; Objective 58,4 - Plague lethality rate (%) objective <14; Achievement 8,3 - Number of centers caring for equipped MNT: Objective 46; Achievement 92 - Population ratio for one CSB: 1/5612 (2004); objective/achievement comparisons include 1/7523 and 1/7523 reported - Medical cure consultation rate in the CSB: 49 (2004) and 58 (objectives/achievements elsewhere) - Medical prescription execution rate in the CSB: 85,5 and 88,2 reported - Number of functional public CSB: 2 383 (2004) and 2 266 (other entries) - PGE: 1 new international hospital; 3 CHR operational; 2 CHD2 operational; 5 welcoming, sorting-out and emergency centers operational, 23 dentistry offices; 30 CSB equipped; 80% poor have access to free Medicare (list set by communes) - CSB1 and CSB2 staff coverage rate (%): 54,07; SSD allocated MPSF budget share (%) recurrent non salary: 83,7; Capital expenditures: 86,2 - Notes: - Health indicators used in EU/PARP for determining variable tranche: For 2005, the levels are provisional and based on 80% of CSB and 71.7% of CHD reporting. - Sources for certain demographic indicators: (a, b, c) source EDS 2003/2004 - Next survey in 2009: maternal mortality rate reduced to 36 285 for 100, 000 living births, infant and juvenile mortality rate reduced to 72 84.8 for 1, 000, complete immunization coverage rate at 75 58.4% *Source: _cr06303 - 8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION* --- _Source: https://www.imf.org/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/scr/2006/_cr06303.pdf_