Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment

IMF Staff Country Reports, June 30, 2020

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Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment

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Bibliographic details

• Published: June 30, 2020
• Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513548791.002

Executive summary and context

• Tonga is described as one of the world’s most exposed countries to climate change and natural disasters.
• It suffered the highest loss from natural disasters in the world (as a ratio to GDP) in 2018 and is among the top five over the last decade (Table 1).
• Climate change impacts projected or described:
  • Cyclones will become more intense, with more damage from wind and sea surges.
  • Rising sea levels will cause more flooding, coastal erosion and contaminate fresh water.
  • Daily high temperatures will become more extreme, with more severe floods and drought.

Publication and metadata

• Publication title: Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment
• Publication date: June 30, 2020
• Series: Country Report No. 2020/212
• Issue: 212
• Pages: 70
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513548791.002
• Stock No: 1TONEA2020001
• ISBN: 9781513548791
• ISSN: 1934-7685

Scope and thematic coverage

• Subject areas listed:
  • Budget planning and preparation
  • Climate change
  • Environment
  • Expenditure
  • Natural disasters
  • Public financial management (PFM)
  • Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP)
  • Renewable energy
• Keywords provided:
  • annual budget, Budget planning and preparation, Climate change, CR, cross-government Emergency Management Committee, emergency fund, excise tax, Global, international community, investment project, ISCR, Natural disasters, private sector, Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP), Renewable energy, short term

Key findings (as stated)

• Tonga’s exposure to climate change and natural disasters is exceptionally high relative to GDP.
• The 2018 natural disaster losses were the highest in the world when measured as a ratio to GDP.
• Tonga ranks among the top five countries in disaster losses relative to GDP over the last decade (Table 1).
• Expected climate-driven changes include increased cyclone intensity, greater wind and sea surge damage, more flooding and coastal erosion from rising sea levels, contamination of fresh water, and more extreme daily high temperatures leading to more severe floods and droughts.

Access and formats

• The report is identified as an IMF Staff Country Report.
• Multiple distribution options are noted on the landing page (IMF eLibrary formats and print/order options referenced on the page).

Source: Tonga: Technical Assistance Report-Climate Change Policy Assessment, IMF Staff Country Reports, June 30, 2020.

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