Republic of Poland: Selected Issues
IMF Staff Country Reports, January 21, 2025
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Bibliographic details
- Published: January 21, 2025
- Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400298929.002
Key findings on growth and convergence
- Poland has achieved substantial economic convergence within the EU.
- Labor productivity growth was robust until the disruptions from coronavirus disease.
- Poland has closed on Europe’s productivity frontier in most sectors.
- Moving forward, the labor supply is expected to comprise a substantial drag on potential output.
Potential growth projections
- Using a production function approach, IMF now estimates that Poland’s potential growth will remain solid, but gradually decline, reaching 2.7 percent by 2029.
Principal policy recommendations
- Deepen capital to support productive capacity.
- Facilitate resource reallocation to improve allocative efficiency.
- Support labor supply through policies that raise participation and reduce demographic drag.
- Enhance innovation capacity to sustain growth beyond technology adoption.
Labor market and skills priorities
- Strengthen vocational training and skill-matching to improve skills and allocative efficiency.
- Raise labor force participation among older cohorts, complemented by enhancing adult learning.
Innovation and finance priorities
- Transition from technology adoption toward innovation-driven growth to sustain convergence.
- Reorient government incentives and the financial system to create a conducive environment for R&D and other innovation activities, including by promoting private equity and venture capital.
Republic of Poland: Selected Issues, IMF Staff Country Report 2025/007
Content in this bundle
- Republic of Poland: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 25/7; December 16, 2024