Iraq: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Informational Annex
IMF Staff Country Reports, July 14, 2025
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- Iraq: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Informational Annex
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Bibliographic details
- Published: July 14, 2025
- Series: IMF Staff Country Reports
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229017145.002
Overview and Context
- Iraq has managed to uphold domestic stability despite regional turmoil.
- Rapid expansion of spending and emerging financing constraints led to arrears accumulation in 2024.
- Declining oil prices in a highly uncertain global environment are further aggravating fiscal and external sustainability risks.
- The country is also struggling with lingering structural economic challenges, including high unemployment, excessive state footprint, a weak banking sector, corruption, and an inefficient electricity sector.
Major Themes and Subjects
- Subject: Expenditure, Oil prices, Prices, Producer price indexes, Public debt
- Keywords: CBI governance, Customs law-implementing regulation, financing constraint, Global, oil GDP, Oil prices, potential GDP, Producer price indexes
Key Findings and Risks (as stated)
- Domestic stability maintained despite regional turmoil.
- Arrears accumulation occurred in 2024 due to rapid spending expansion and emerging financing constraints.
- Declining oil prices and global uncertainty compound fiscal and external sustainability risks.
- Structural economic challenges persist: high unemployment, excessive state footprint, weak banking sector, corruption, inefficient electricity sector.
International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. "Iraq: 2025 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Informational Annex", IMF Staff Country Reports 2025, 183 (2025).
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