Publications By Author

Title: Maximum Sustainable Debt Across Countries: An Assessment using P-Theory

Author: Cao, Yongquan ; Jiang, Wei ; Lam, Raphael Waikei ; Wang, Neng

Series: Working Paper No. 2025/223

Date: October 31, 2025

Subject: Debt default Debt service Debt sustainability Expenditure External debt Public debt

Title: Fiscal Rules and Fiscal Councils: Recent Trends and Revisions since the Pandemic

Author: Alonso-Albarran, Virginia ; Arroyo, Clara ; Aydin, Ozlem ; Davoodi, R Hamid ; Lam, Raphael Waikei ; Balasundharam, Vybhavi ; Hegab, Gabriel ; Nguyen, D. M. Anh ; Salazar, Natalia ; Sher, Galen ; Solovyeva, Alexandra ; Tchelishvili, Nino

Series: Working Paper No. 2025/198

Date: October 3, 2025

Subject: Budget planning and preparation Emerging and frontier financial markets Financial markets Fiscal councils Fiscal governance Fiscal policy Fiscal rules Public financial management (PFM)

Title: Fiscal Guardrails against High Debt and Looming Spending Pressures

Author: Acalin, Julien ; Alonso-Albarran, Virginia ; Arroyo, Clara ; Lam, Raphael Waikei ; Martinez, Leonardo ; Nguyen, D. M. Anh ; Roch, Francisco ; Sher, Galen ; Solovyeva, Alexandra

Series: Staff Discussion Notes No. 2025/004

Date: September 25, 2025

Notes: Fiscal Guardrails against Rising Debt and Looming Spending Pressures: Technical Annexes
Event Link - Fiscal Guardrails: Global Debt Levels and Looming Government Spending Pressures

Subject: Debt sustainability Expenditure External debt Fiscal councils Fiscal governance Fiscal policy Fiscal rules