{
  "title": "Wising Up to the Rising Costs of Aging Populations",
  "publication": "IMF Blog, August 15, 2011",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/blogs/articles/2011/08/15/wising-up-to-the-rising-costs-of-aging-populations",
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  "summary": "Publication date: August 15, 2011",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary and context",
      "content": "- Publication date: August 15, 2011\n- Author of the page: Jeremy Clift\n- Theme: Global demographic transformation driven by falling fertility and rising life expectancy, with significant consequences for public and private budgets and intergenerational welfare."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Demographic projections and key figures",
      "content": "- The world’s population will reach 7 billion this year.\n- The world’s population is projected to exceed 9 billion in 2050.\n- Populations in rich industrial nations and some middle- and lower-income countries, such as China, will age as the proportion of elderly people rises dramatically."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Anticipated challenges",
      "content": "- Rising elderly populations could:\n  - Threaten the ability of many countries to provide a decent standard of living for the old without imposing a crushing burden on the young.\n  - Affect every dimension of life—from the shape of the family to the shape of the world order.\n- Population aging will challenge public and private budgets in many ways."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Possible mitigating behaviors and responses identified",
      "content": "- Through a combination of:\n  - Reduced consumption,\n  - Postponed retirement,\n  - Increased asset holdings,\n  - Greater investment in human capital,\n  it should be possible to meet this challenge without catastrophic consequences."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Research and contributions cited",
      "content": "- Lead article authors: Ronald Lee and Andrew Mason — emphasize important changes in the age distribution hidden behind headline population numbers.\n- Neil Howe and Richard Jackson — publish a ranking of which countries are best and worst prepared to meet the needs of the growing wave of retirees."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Multimedia and engagement",
      "content": "- Embedded video reference: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ukNFMeZvcc\n- Social engagement: To follow on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/FinanceandDevelopment\n\nSource: Wising Up to the Rising Costs of Aging Populations (IMF blog page), August 15, 2011.\n\n---\n\n\n References\n\n- Jeremy Clift\n- Finance & Development\n- lead article\n- China\n- Neil Howe and Richard Jackson publish a fascinating ranking\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/blogs/articles/2011/08/15/wising-up-to-the-rising-costs-of-aging-populations"
    }
  ],
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    "Authors: falling fertility, rising life expectancy.",
    "Published: August 15, 2011",
    "Publication date: August 15, 2011",
    "Author of the page: Jeremy Clift",
    "Theme: Global demographic transformation driven by falling fertility and rising life expectancy, with significant consequences for public and private budgets and intergenerational welfare.",
    "The world’s population will reach 7 billion this year.",
    "The world’s population is projected to exceed 9 billion in 2050.",
    "Populations in rich industrial nations and some middle- and lower-income countries, such as China, will age as the proportion of elderly people rises dramatically.",
    "Rising elderly populations could:",
    "Population aging will challenge public and private budgets in many ways.",
    "Through a combination of:",
    "Lead article authors: Ronald Lee and Andrew Mason — emphasize important changes in the age distribution hidden behind headline population numbers.",
    "Neil Howe and Richard Jackson — publish a ranking of which countries are best and worst prepared to meet the needs of the growing wave of retirees.",
    "Embedded video reference: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ukNFMeZvcc",
    "Social engagement: To follow on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/FinanceandDevelopment",
    "[Jeremy Clift](http://blogs.imf.org/bloggers/jeremy-clift/)",
    "[Finance & Development](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2011/06/index.htm)",
    "[lead article](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2011/06/lee.htm)",
    "[China](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/pvcast.aspx)",
    "[Neil Howe and Richard Jackson publish a fascinating ranking](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2011/06/howe.htm)"
  ],
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