{
  "title": "Morocco: Reducing Gender Inequality Can Boost Growth",
  "publication": "IMF News, March 1, 2017",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth",
  "overlayPath": "/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth/index.md",
  "summary": "<p>Policies that better integrate women into the economy could help increase overall income and significantly improve Morocco's growth prospects, IMF study finds.</p>",
  "publishDate": "2017-03-01",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Executive summary",
      "content": "- Policies that better integrate women into the economy could help increase overall income and significantly improve Morocco's growth prospects, IMF study finds.\n- If there were as many women working as men currently are in Morocco, income per capita could be almost 50 percent higher than it is now.\n- Morocco’s population growth is slowing, and the United Nations projects that the dependency ratio—the age population ratio of those out and in the labor force—will rise by 2040, creating potential for more people to be out of work over the next few decades.\n- The government has implemented legal and fiscal reforms to improve women’s rights, but stronger and better targeted measures are needed to increase female labor force participation and employment, and to address gender gaps in education."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key facts and statistics",
      "content": "- Jamila is a 12-year-old girl living in rural Morocco; about 78 percent of girls between the ages of 12 and 14 are no longer in formal schooling in the country’s rural areas.\n- Youth unemployment: 22 percent.\n- Female labor force participation: 25 percent participation rate compared to over 66 percent (men).\n- Potential income impact: income per capita could be almost 50 percent higher if women worked at the same rate as men.\n- Demographic projection: dependency ratio projected to rise by 2040.\n- Legal and policy milestones:\n  - Family code revised in 2004 to expand the rights of women in marriage, guardianship, child custody, and access to divorce.\n  - Constitutional guarantee for equality enacted in 2011.\n  - Maternity leave of 14 weeks at full salary introduced in 2004.\n  - Gender budgeting initiative launched in Morocco in 2002 (described as the first and most advanced in the Middle East and Central Asia region)."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Findings from the IMF assessment",
      "content": "- Gender inequality is materially linked to lower growth in Morocco; closing gender gaps in labor force participation and education would raise income per capita substantially.\n- Slowing population growth combined with a rising dependency ratio implies potential labor market pressures that could be offset by greater female labor force integration.\n- Current reforms have advanced women's legal rights and fiscal attention to gender, but gaps remain in practice—particularly in childcare, tax treatment, education access, and rural women’s skills."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy recommendations (targeted measures highlighted by the study)",
      "content": "- Increase access to education for girls and address gender gaps in schooling, including through conditional transfer programs for education to promote secondary education for girls.\n- Expand public childcare facilities to free women’s time for education, training, and labor market participation.\n- Improve public transportation to make it safer and easier for women to get to work.\n- Implement vocational training and literacy programs for women in rural areas.\n- Support female entrepreneurship and vocational training programs for all women.\n- Reform tax rules so that tax deductions or credits are not limited to men—address the current rule where a female taxpayer may not claim dependent deductions for spouse and children unless she proves legal guardianship.\n- Implement the recently-adopted national employment strategy recommendations, including conditional transfer programs that can support girls’ education and women’s literacy and vocational training."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Implication for individuals and society",
      "content": "- If the recommended policies are implemented, barriers to girls’ and women’s economic participation—illustrated by Jamila’s case—would be greatly reduced, increasing opportunities for individual fulfillment and contributing to a more prosperous and inclusive Moroccan society.\n\nAnta Ndoye and Vincent Dadam, Middle East & Central Asia Department; Lisa Kolovich, Strategy, Policy & Review Department — March 1, 2017. International Monetary Fund.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Wp16151 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\n References\n\n- https://www.imf.org/en/News/country-focus\n- PRESS CENTER\n- IMF Country Focus\n- Africa’s Inflation Among Region’s Most Urgent Challenges\n- How Countries Should Respond to the Strong Dollar\n- Fiscal Policy Can Help People Rebound From Cost of Living Crisis\n- Public Further Delaying Climate Policies Will Hurt Economic Growth\n- Global Food Crisis Demands Support for People, Open Trade, Bigger Local Harvests\n- Africa Food Prices Are Soaring Amid High Import Reliance\n- Public Sector Must Play Major Role in Catalyzing Private Climate Finance\n- Establishment of the Resilience and Sustainability Trust\n- Chart of the Week : Central Banks Hike Interest Rates in Sync to Tame Inflation Pressures\n- Global Economic Growth Slows Amid Gloomy and More Uncertain Outlook\n- Sub-Saharan Africa Reveals Lessons for Governance\n- More African Central Banks Are Exploring Digital Currencies\n- Conference on the Promotion of Good Governance and Fight against Corruption\n- On the Looming Food Security Crisis in Africa\n- Governments Need Agile Fiscal Policies as Food and Fuel Prices Spike\n- War Dims Global Economic Outlook as Inflation Accelerates\n- Restructuring Debt of Poorer Nations Requires More Efficient Coordination\n- Poor and Vulnerable Countries Need Support to Adapt to Climate Change\n- Pandemic Scars May be Twice as Deep for Students in Developing Countries\n- A Disrupted Global Recovery\n- Fragile and Conflict-Affected Economies Are Falling Further Behind\n- A New Trust to Help Countries Build Resilience and Sustainability\n- Support for Africa’s Vaccine Production is Good for the World\n- Global Debt Reaches a Record $226 Trillion\n- The G20 Common Framework for Debt Treatments Must Be Stepped Up\n- IMF MD’s Statement at the Paris Peace Forum on Increasing Support for Vulnerable Countries via SDR Rechanneling\n- Not Yet on Track: Climate Threat Demands More Ambitious Global Action\n- Joint Action Needed to Secure the Recovery\n- Seven Charts that Show Sub-Saharan Africa at a Crucial Point\n- Debt Service Relief for 24 Eligible Low-Income Countries\n- Putting Public Investment to Work\n- Coming Together\n- Drawing Further Apart: Widening Gaps in the Global Recovery\n- Stepping Up to Meet Low-Income Countries’ Pandemic Recovery Needs\n- The IMF Approves Policy Reforms and Funding Package to Better Support the Recovery of Low-Income Countries From the Pandemic\n- Urgent Action Needed to Address a Worsening ‘Two-Track’ Recovery\n- Seizing the Opportunity for a Pro-Growth, Post-Pandemic World\n- The Policymaker’s Trilemma\n- Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals Will Require Extraordinary Effort by All\n- Four Questions About Debt and Financing Risks from COVID-19 in the Middle East and North Africa\n- Six Charts Show the Challenges Faced by Sub-Saharan Africa\n- Funding the Recovery of Low-income Countries After COVID\n- Slow-Healing Scars: The Pandemic’s Legacy\n- Key to Resolving Covid’s Global Debt Crunch: Transparency\n- The Great Divergence: A Fork in the Road for the Global Economy\n- How Strong Infrastructure Governance Can End Waste in Public Investment\n- Healing the Fractures of the Global Economy\n- COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\n- Impact of Conflict and Political Instability on Banking Crises in Developing Economies\n- Reopening from the Great Lockdown: Uneven and Uncertain Recovery\n- How the IMF Can Help Countries Address the Economic Impact of Coronavirus\n- Emerging from the Great Lockdown in Asia and Europe\n- How Pandemics Leave the Poor Even Farther Behind\n- World Bank Group and IMF mobilize partners in the fight against COVID-19 in Africa\n- Six Charts Show How COVID-19 Is an Unprecedented Threat to Development in Sub-Saharan Africa\n- Fiscal Policies For Women’s Economic Empowerment\n- Regional Economic Outlook for sub-Saharan Africa 2030 Challenges and Opportunities for Mozambique\n- Building on South Asia's Economic Success\n- Latest Economic Developments in Latin America\n- The IMF’s Purpose: Delivering for People\n- How Elevated Global Uncertainty Is Creating Challenges for Sub-Saharan Africa\n- The World Economy: Synchronized Slowdown, Precarious Outlook\n- Realizing the Potential of the G20 Compact with Africa\n- Intergovernmental Group of Twenty-Four on International Monetary Affairs and Development\n- Keeping Asia at the Forefront Amid Growing Risks\n- Managing Director's Statement on the Role of Fund Engagement in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States\n- IMF Releases the 2018 Financial Access Survey\n- IMF Executive Board Discusses 2018 Review of Facilities for Low-Income Countries\n- Policies to Ensure Asia's Sustained Economic Success\n- Sub-Saharan Africa: Firming Up the Economic Recovery\n- IMF Sets Out Policy Steps to Reduce Vulnerabilities and Raise Sub-Saharan Africa's Medium-Term Growth\n- Managing Debt Vulnerabilities in Low-Income and Developing Countries\n- Understanding Debt: A Better Tool for Low-Income Countries\n- Building a More Resilient and Inclusive Global Economy\n- Delivering on the 2030 Agenda\n- Slowing Global Growth Has Varied Effects on Low-Income Countries\n- Financing for Development: IMF's Role in the Post-2015 Agenda\n- Financing For Development: The Way Forward\n- Read the report\n- Morocco's economic outlook\n- Morocco and the IMF\n- https://www.imf.org/en/home\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/news/articles/2017/03/01/na030117-morocco-reducing-gender-inequality-can-boost-growth/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Published: March 1, 2017",
    "Policies that better integrate women into the economy could help increase overall income and significantly improve Morocco's growth prospects, IMF study finds.",
    "If there were as many women working as men currently are in Morocco, income per capita could be almost 50 percent higher than it is now.",
    "Morocco’s population growth is slowing, and the United Nations projects that the dependency ratio—the age population ratio of those out and in the labor force—will rise by 2040, creating potential for more people to be out of work over the next few decades.",
    "The government has implemented legal and fiscal reforms to improve women’s rights, but stronger and better targeted measures are needed to increase female labor force participation and employment, and to address gender gaps in education.",
    "Jamila is a 12-year-old girl living in rural Morocco; about 78 percent of girls between the ages of 12 and 14 are no longer in formal schooling in the country’s rural areas.",
    "Youth unemployment: 22 percent.",
    "Female labor force participation: 25 percent participation rate compared to over 66 percent (men).",
    "Potential income impact: income per capita could be almost 50 percent higher if women worked at the same rate as men.",
    "Demographic projection: dependency ratio projected to rise by 2040.",
    "Legal and policy milestones:",
    "Gender inequality is materially linked to lower growth in Morocco; closing gender gaps in labor force participation and education would raise income per capita substantially.",
    "Slowing population growth combined with a rising dependency ratio implies potential labor market pressures that could be offset by greater female labor force integration.",
    "Current reforms have advanced women's legal rights and fiscal attention to gender, but gaps remain in practice—particularly in childcare, tax treatment, education access, and rural women’s skills.",
    "Increase access to education for girls and address gender gaps in schooling, including through conditional transfer programs for education to promote secondary education for girls.",
    "Expand public childcare facilities to free women’s time for education, training, and labor market participation.",
    "Improve public transportation to make it safer and easier for women to get to work.",
    "Implement vocational training and literacy programs for women in rural areas.",
    "Support female entrepreneurship and vocational training programs for all women.",
    "Reform tax rules so that tax deductions or credits are not limited to men—address the current rule where a female taxpayer may not claim dependent deductions for spouse and children unless she proves legal guardianship.",
    "Implement the recently-adopted national employment strategy recommendations, including conditional transfer programs that can support girls’ education and women’s literacy and vocational training.",
    "If the recommended policies are implemented, barriers to girls’ and women’s economic participation—illustrated by Jamila’s case—would be greatly reduced, increasing opportunities for individual fulfillment and contributing to a more prosperous and inclusive Moroccan society.",
    "[Wp16151 (PDF)](/external/pubs/ft/wp/2016/wp16151.pdf){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}",
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    "[Managing Debt Vulnerabilities in Low-Income and Developing Countries](https://blogs.imf.org/2018/03/22/managing-debt-vulnerabilities-in-low-income-and-developing-countries/)",
    "[Understanding Debt: A Better Tool for Low-Income Countries](http://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2017/10/02/na100217-understanding-debt-a-better-tool-for-low-income-countries)",
    "[Building a More Resilient and Inclusive Global Economy](http://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2017/04/07/building-a-more-resilient-and-inclusive-global-economy-a-speech-by-christine-lagarde)",
    "[Delivering on the 2030 Agenda](http://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2016/10/09/pr16455-delivering-on-the-2030-agenda)",
    "[Slowing Global Growth Has Varied Effects on Low-Income Countries](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2015/CAR121715A.htm)",
    "[Financing for Development: IMF's Role in the Post-2015 Agenda](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2015/pOL070815A.htm)",
    "[Financing For Development: The Way Forward](http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2015/new041915a.htm)",
    "[Read the report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2017/03/01/Morocco-Selected-Issues-44713)",
    "[Morocco's economic outlook](http://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2017/02/03/Morocco-2016-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-44620)",
    "[Morocco and the IMF](http://www.imf.org/external/country/MAR/)",
    "[https://www.imf.org/en/home](https://www.imf.org/en/home)"
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