{
  "title": "Preventing Famine",
  "publication": "IMF Podcasts, December 15, 2011",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/podcasts/all-podcasts/2017/11/10/preventing-famine",
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  "summary": "The famine has affected thousands in the region (Stuart Price/UN/handout) - Preventing Famine In This Episode After the dire food shortages almost 25 years ago in Ethiopia, American aid helped implement an early warning system aimed at forecasting likely food emergencies.",
  "publishDate": "2011-12-15",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Episode overview",
      "content": "- Date: December 15, 2011\n- Theme: Examination of why the disaster in the Horn of Africa was not foreseen despite prior investments in early warning systems.\n- Context provided: After the dire food shortages almost 25 years ago in Ethiopia, American aid helped implement an early warning system aimed at forecasting likely food emergencies."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key questions and analysis",
      "content": "- Why wasn't the disaster in the Horn of Africa foreseen despite existing early warning systems?\n- Implicit analytical focus:\n  - Effectiveness and limitations of early warning systems established after the Ethiopia famine.\n  - The gap between forecasting and timely, effective response to food emergencies."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Participants and perspectives",
      "content": "- Mwangi Kimenyi, Brookings Institute\n- Josette Sheeran, UN World Food Program\n- Ray Offenheiser, Oxfam America\n- Njuguna Ndung'u, Kenyan Central Bank Governor"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Production and presentation",
      "content": "- Host/Producer: Bruce Edwards, International Monetary Fund\n  - Notes: Bruce Edwards produces the IMF podcast program; award-winning audio producer and journalist; has covered armed conflicts, social unrest, and natural disasters; believes economists have an important role in solving the world's problems and aims to showcase their research in every IMF podcast.\n- Contributor: Rhoda Metcalfe, independent journalist and audio producer"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Visual caption",
      "content": "- \"Young Somali woman holding her malnourished child. The famine has affected thousands in the region (Stuart Price/UN/handout)\""
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "Date: December 15, 2011",
    "Theme: Examination of why the disaster in the Horn of Africa was not foreseen despite prior investments in early warning systems.",
    "Context provided: After the dire food shortages almost 25 years ago in Ethiopia, American aid helped implement an early warning system aimed at forecasting likely food emergencies.",
    "Why wasn't the disaster in the Horn of Africa foreseen despite existing early warning systems?",
    "Implicit analytical focus:",
    "Mwangi Kimenyi, Brookings Institute",
    "Josette Sheeran, UN World Food Program",
    "Ray Offenheiser, Oxfam America",
    "Njuguna Ndung'u, Kenyan Central Bank Governor",
    "Host/Producer: Bruce Edwards, International Monetary Fund",
    "Contributor: Rhoda Metcalfe, independent journalist and audio producer",
    "\"Young Somali woman holding her malnourished child. The famine has affected thousands in the region (Stuart Price/UN/handout)\"",
    "[Famine (MP3)](/-/media/websites/imf/imported-podcast/imported-podcast-mp3/external/podcast/2011/famine.mp3){rel=\"external\" type=\"audio/mpeg\"}"
  ],
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      "title": "Famine",
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