{
  "title": "Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation",
  "publication": "IMF Staff Country Reports, August 13, 1999",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/cr/issues/2016/12/30/japan-staff-report-for-the-1999-article-iv-consultation-3157",
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  "summary": "This 1999 Article IV Consultation highlights that Japanese growth has been lackluster throughout most of the 1990s. Since the asset price bubble burst in 1991, the economy has grown at an average of 1 percent per year, in striking contrast to the rapid growth achieved in previous decades.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Macroeconomic performance and context",
      "content": "- Since the asset price bubble burst in 1991, the economy has grown at an average of 1 percent per year.\n- Growth in the 1990s is characterized as lackluster and stands in striking contrast to the rapid growth achieved in previous decades.\n- The asset price bubble burst in 1991 is identified as a key turning point for the macroeconomic slowdown."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Fiscal and monetary developments",
      "content": "- A series of fiscal stimulus packages raised the structural general government deficit by more than 5 percentage points of GDP between FY1991 and FY1998.\n- Monetary policy has progressively eased over the period covered by the report."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Coverage and related material",
      "content": "- Included with the Staff Report is the text of Public Information Notice No. 99/75--IMF Concludes Article IV Consultation with Japan.\n- Subjects covered (as listed): Bank credit, Banking, Deposit insurance, Distressed assets, Financial institutions, Financial sector policy and analysis, Fiscal policy, Fiscal stimulus, National accounts, Private investment, Securities."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Keywords (as listed)",
      "content": "- Asia and Pacific, bank, consumer sentiment, CR, Distressed assets, East Asia, economy, exchange rate, Fiscal stimulus, fiscal year, GDP, Global, ISCR, licensing tax, payment, Private investment, Securities, stepped-up BOJ participation, tabling legislation, zero interest rate policy.\n\nInternational Monetary Fund. \"Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation\", IMF Staff Country Reports 1999, 083 (1999).\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation/ ISCR/99/83\n  - Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation/ ISCR/99/83 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation/ ISCR/99/83 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}"
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    "Published: August 13, 1999",
    "Series: IMF Staff Country Reports",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451820454.002",
    "Since the asset price bubble burst in 1991, the economy has grown at an average of 1 percent per year.",
    "Growth in the 1990s is characterized as lackluster and stands in striking contrast to the rapid growth achieved in previous decades.",
    "The asset price bubble burst in 1991 is identified as a key turning point for the macroeconomic slowdown.",
    "A series of fiscal stimulus packages raised the structural general government deficit by more than 5 percentage points of GDP between FY1991 and FY1998.",
    "Monetary policy has progressively eased over the period covered by the report.",
    "Included with the Staff Report is the text of Public Information Notice No. 99/75--IMF Concludes Article IV Consultation with Japan.",
    "Subjects covered (as listed): Bank credit, Banking, Deposit insurance, Distressed assets, Financial institutions, Financial sector policy and analysis, Fiscal policy, Fiscal stimulus, National accounts, Private investment, Securities.",
    "Asia and Pacific, bank, consumer sentiment, CR, Distressed assets, East Asia, economy, exchange rate, Fiscal stimulus, fiscal year, GDP, Global, ISCR, licensing tax, payment, Private investment, Securities, stepped-up BOJ participation, tabling legislation, zero interest rate policy.",
    "**Japan: Staff Report for the 1999 Article IV Consultation/ ISCR/99/83**"
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