{
  "title": "Russia: Recent Economic Developments",
  "publication": "IMF Staff Country Reports, September 22, 1999",
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  "summary": "This paper reviews economic developments in the Russian Federation during 1990–98. Output fell precipitously in 1992–94 in response to the withdrawal of subsidies and the disruption in traditional economic relations, but the decline then began to taper off, and real GDP registered a small increase i",
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    {
      "heading": "Overview",
      "content": "- This paper reviews economic developments in the Russian Federation during 1990–98.\n- Format: IMF Staff Country Reports, Issue 100, Volume 1999, Pages: 160.\n- Publication date shown on the landing page: September 22, 1999.\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451832976.002\n- ISBN: 9781451832976\n- ISSN: 1934-7685\n- Stock No: 1RUSEA0011999"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Summary findings (1990–98)",
      "content": "- Output fell precipitously in 1992–94 in response to the withdrawal of subsidies and the disruption in traditional economic relations.\n- The decline began to taper off after 1994, and real GDP registered a small increase in 1997.\n- The recovery was short-lived; GDP was already on a downward trend by the first half of 1998.\n- The contraction was severely aggravated by the economic crisis that erupted in mid-1998."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Major thematic coverage (as listed)",
      "content": "- Arrears\n- Banking\n- Commercial banks\n- Correspondent banking\n- Credit\n- Currencies\n- External debt\n- Financial institutions\n- Financial services\n- Money"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Keywords and scope",
      "content": "- Keywords: Arrears, Asia and Pacific, Commercial banks, Correspondent banking, CR, Currencies, debt service, economic crisis, exchange rate, federal government, foreign currency, Global, gross domestic product, ISCR, U.S. dollar\n- Subject areas indicate focus on fiscal and financial sector stress, external debt and currency issues, and banking-sector developments during transition and crisis periods."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publication metadata and access",
      "content": "- Series: Country Report No. 1999/100\n- Issue: 100\n- Volume: 1999\n- Pages: 160\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451832976.002\n\nSource: IMF Staff Country Reports — \"Russia: Recent Economic Developments\", September 22, 1999.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Russian Federation: Recent Economic Developments - ISCR/99/100\n  - Russian Federation: Recent Economic Developments - ISCR/99/100 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Russian Federation: Recent Economic Developments - ISCR/99/100 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}"
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    "Published: September 22, 1999",
    "Series: IMF Staff Country Reports",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451832976.002",
    "This paper reviews economic developments in the Russian Federation during 1990–98.",
    "Format: IMF Staff Country Reports, Issue 100, Volume 1999, Pages: 160.",
    "Publication date shown on the landing page: September 22, 1999.",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451832976.002",
    "ISBN: 9781451832976",
    "ISSN: 1934-7685",
    "Stock No: 1RUSEA0011999",
    "Output fell precipitously in 1992–94 in response to the withdrawal of subsidies and the disruption in traditional economic relations.",
    "The decline began to taper off after 1994, and real GDP registered a small increase in 1997.",
    "The recovery was short-lived; GDP was already on a downward trend by the first half of 1998.",
    "The contraction was severely aggravated by the economic crisis that erupted in mid-1998.",
    "Keywords: Arrears, Asia and Pacific, Commercial banks, Correspondent banking, CR, Currencies, debt service, economic crisis, exchange rate, federal government, foreign currency, Global, gross domestic product, ISCR, U.S. dollar",
    "Subject areas indicate focus on fiscal and financial sector stress, external debt and currency issues, and banking-sector developments during transition and crisis periods.",
    "Series: Country Report No. 1999/100",
    "Issue: 100",
    "Volume: 1999",
    "Pages: 160",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451832976.002",
    "**Russian Federation: Recent Economic Developments - ISCR/99/100**"
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