{
  "title": "Samoa: Financial Sector Assessment Program",
  "publication": "IMF Staff Country Reports, July 20, 2015",
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  "summary": "EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND KEY RECOMMENDATIONS The Samoan financial sector is dominated by commercial banks and Public Financial Institutions (PFIs).",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Executive summary — structure and market composition",
      "content": "- The Samoan financial sector is dominated by commercial banks and Public Financial Institutions (PFIs).\n- The four commercial banks provide almost 60 percent of credit to the economy.\n- The most important PFIs, the Samoa National Provident Fund, and the Development Bank of Samoa, account for around 30 percent.\n- There is also a small and shrinking offshore banking sector without linkages to the domestic financial sector."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings on bank health and risks",
      "content": "- Banks are liquid and report high capitalization.\n- High and rising non-performing loans (NPLs) require close supervisory attention.\n- Banks are still dealing with the effects from past natural disasters.\n- Assessments of bank health are impeded by significant uncertainty surrounding the quality of balance sheet data, in particular on asset quality and provisioning.\n- High loan concentration and exposure to natural disasters represent significant risks to the financial system.\n- The stress tests illustrate that the local banks are relatively less resilient and could not withstand a severely adverse scenario."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Public Financial Institutions (PFIs) — vulnerabilities and spillovers",
      "content": "- PFIs are particularly vulnerable to shocks due to low asset quality and strong linkages with state owned enterprises.\n- The vulnerability is largely the result of increased policy lending in response to the extraordinary economic stress from recent natural disasters.\n- Significant stress in PFIs could have significant impact on other financial institutions (FIs) through the effect on the economy.\n- Explicit and implicit government guarantees raise potential fiscal risks.\n- Recommendation: step up oversight of the PFIs, including through enhanced data collection and on-site reviews.\n- Recommendation: where substantial adjustments are needed, new lending should be restricted."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Supervisory capacity, recent reforms, and remaining gaps",
      "content": "- The Central Bank of Samoa (CBS), as the main supervisor and regulator of domestic financial institutions, has made important efforts to strengthen its oversight in recent years.\n  - Efforts include conducting on-site inspections, introducing elements of risk-based supervision, expanding staff resources, initiating PFI supervision, submission of a new CBS Act (CBA) to reform governance and safeguards, promoting financial inclusion, and progress on Anti-Money Laundering and Combating Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT).\n- Remaining priorities include:\n  - Improving the quality and coverage of the financial sector data.\n  - Upgrading legal, regulatory and supervisory frameworks.\n  - Building capacity and staff.\n- Operational priorities: close monitoring through on-site supervision and asset quality reviews, paired with prompt corrective action and a plan to address NPLs (including in PFIs) as needed."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy recommendations and priorities",
      "content": "- Prioritize on-site supervision and asset quality reviews for banks and PFIs.\n- Implement prompt corrective actions where asset quality or provisioning are inadequate.\n- Enhance oversight of PFIs with better data collection and on-site reviews.\n- Restrict new lending by PFIs when substantial adjustments are required.\n- Strengthen CBS governance and safeguards through the proposed CBA and continue capacity building.\n- Maintain focus on AML/CFT progress and financial inclusion initiatives.\n\nSource: Samoa: Financial Sector Assessment Program, IMF Staff Country Reports (July 20, 2015).\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- cr15192\n  - cr15192 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - cr15192 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}"
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    "Published: July 20, 2015",
    "Series: IMF Staff Country Reports",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513565040.002",
    "The Samoan financial sector is dominated by commercial banks and Public Financial Institutions (PFIs).",
    "The four commercial banks provide almost 60 percent of credit to the economy.",
    "The most important PFIs, the Samoa National Provident Fund, and the Development Bank of Samoa, account for around 30 percent.",
    "There is also a small and shrinking offshore banking sector without linkages to the domestic financial sector.",
    "Banks are liquid and report high capitalization.",
    "High and rising non-performing loans (NPLs) require close supervisory attention.",
    "Banks are still dealing with the effects from past natural disasters.",
    "Assessments of bank health are impeded by significant uncertainty surrounding the quality of balance sheet data, in particular on asset quality and provisioning.",
    "High loan concentration and exposure to natural disasters represent significant risks to the financial system.",
    "The stress tests illustrate that the local banks are relatively less resilient and could not withstand a severely adverse scenario.",
    "PFIs are particularly vulnerable to shocks due to low asset quality and strong linkages with state owned enterprises.",
    "The vulnerability is largely the result of increased policy lending in response to the extraordinary economic stress from recent natural disasters.",
    "Significant stress in PFIs could have significant impact on other financial institutions (FIs) through the effect on the economy.",
    "Explicit and implicit government guarantees raise potential fiscal risks.",
    "Recommendation: step up oversight of the PFIs, including through enhanced data collection and on-site reviews.",
    "Recommendation: where substantial adjustments are needed, new lending should be restricted.",
    "The Central Bank of Samoa (CBS), as the main supervisor and regulator of domestic financial institutions, has made important efforts to strengthen its oversight in recent years.",
    "Remaining priorities include:",
    "Operational priorities: close monitoring through on-site supervision and asset quality reviews, paired with prompt corrective action and a plan to address NPLs (including in PFIs) as needed.",
    "Prioritize on-site supervision and asset quality reviews for banks and PFIs.",
    "Implement prompt corrective actions where asset quality or provisioning are inadequate.",
    "Enhance oversight of PFIs with better data collection and on-site reviews.",
    "Restrict new lending by PFIs when substantial adjustments are required.",
    "Strengthen CBS governance and safeguards through the proposed CBA and continue capacity building.",
    "Maintain focus on AML/CFT progress and financial inclusion initiatives.",
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