{
  "title": "Nepal: Selected Issues",
  "publication": "IMF Staff Country Reports, April 6, 2020",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309",
  "overlayPath": "/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/index.md",
  "summary": "This Selected Issues paper on Nepal measures the extent to which Nepal’s households change their expenditure patterns and labor supply in response to remittances, using the Nepal Household Risk and Vulnerability Survey—2016 and employing a propensity score matching method.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Study scope and methodology",
      "content": "- Measures how Nepal’s households change expenditure patterns and labor supply in response to remittances.\n- Data source: Nepal Household Risk and Vulnerability Survey—2016.\n- Empirical method: propensity score matching.\n- Pages: 27; Volume: 2020; Issue: 097; Series: Country Report No. 2020/097; Stock No: 1NPLEA2020002; ISBN: 9781513539768; ISSN: 1934-7685.\n- Publication date: April 6, 2020."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Stylized facts on migration and remittance reliance",
      "content": "- Provides stylized facts on migrant workers and remittance-recipient households (HH).\n- Reliance on remittances, both at the macro and household levels, makes Nepal highly vulnerable to shifts that could diminish remittance inflows.\n- The slowdown in growth of remittances has been significant since 2016, owing to weak economic performance in major remittance-sending economies and less outward migration."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings on expenditure patterns",
      "content": "- Remittances have supported greater consumption of productive goods, including:\n  - durable goods,\n  - education,\n  - health.\n- Analysis based on propensity score matching indicates positive effects of remittances on household consumption composition toward productive categories."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings on labor supply and participation",
      "content": "- The study analyzes the effect of remittances on labor market participation of left behind household heads using propensity score matching.\n- Results show remittances do not discourage labor supply of remittance-receiving family members."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords addressed",
      "content": "- Subjects: Balance of payments, Fintech, Income, Infrastructure, Labor, Labor supply, Migration, National accounts, Population and demographics, Remittances, Technology.\n- Keywords: Asia and Pacific, CR, East Asia, expenditure pattern, Fintech, fintech payment, Fintech payment method, Global, Income, Infrastructure, invoice payment, ISCR, Labor supply, Migration, remittance, remittance recipient, remittance-recipient household, Remittances, South Asia, Southeast Asia.\n\nSource: Nepal: Selected Issues, April 6, 2020 (IMF Staff Country Report No. 2020/097).\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Nepal: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 20/97; February 28, 2020\n  - Nepal: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 20/97; February 28, 2020 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Nepal: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 20/97; February 28, 2020 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Published: April 6, 2020",
    "Series: IMF Staff Country Reports",
    "Measures how Nepal’s households change expenditure patterns and labor supply in response to remittances.",
    "Data source: Nepal Household Risk and Vulnerability Survey—2016.",
    "Empirical method: propensity score matching.",
    "Pages: 27; Volume: 2020; Issue: 097; Series: Country Report No. 2020/097; Stock No: 1NPLEA2020002; ISBN: 9781513539768; ISSN: 1934-7685.",
    "Publication date: April 6, 2020.",
    "Provides stylized facts on migrant workers and remittance-recipient households (HH).",
    "Reliance on remittances, both at the macro and household levels, makes Nepal highly vulnerable to shifts that could diminish remittance inflows.",
    "The slowdown in growth of remittances has been significant since 2016, owing to weak economic performance in major remittance-sending economies and less outward migration.",
    "Analysis based on propensity score matching indicates positive effects of remittances on household consumption composition toward productive categories.",
    "The study analyzes the effect of remittances on labor market participation of left behind household heads using propensity score matching.",
    "Results show remittances do not discourage labor supply of remittance-receiving family members.",
    "Subjects: Balance of payments, Fintech, Income, Infrastructure, Labor, Labor supply, Migration, National accounts, Population and demographics, Remittances, Technology.",
    "Keywords: Asia and Pacific, CR, East Asia, expenditure pattern, Fintech, fintech payment, Fintech payment method, Global, Income, Infrastructure, invoice payment, ISCR, Labor supply, Migration, remittance, remittance recipient, remittance-recipient household, Remittances, South Asia, Southeast Asia.",
    "**Nepal: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 20/97; February 28, 2020**"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "Nepal: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 20/97; February 28, 2020",
      "role": "document",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/cr/2020/english/1nplea2020002.pdf",
      "summary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/cr/2020/english/1nplea2020002.pdf.md",
        "mime": "text/markdown"
      },
      "binary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/cr/2020/english/1nplea2020002.pdf",
        "mime": "application/pdf"
      }
    }
  ],
  "alternates": {
    "markdown": "/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/index.md",
    "json": "/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/index.json",
    "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/cr/issues/2020/04/06/nepal-selected-issues-49309/bundle-manifest.json"
  },
  "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-12T17:52:17.257Z"
}