{
  "title": "Republic of Poland: Selected Issues",
  "publication": "IMF Staff Country Reports, June 1, 2023",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/cr/issues/2023/05/31/republic-of-poland-selected-issues-534000",
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  "summary": "This Selected Issues paper focuses on balancing decarbonization with energy security in Poland. The paper describes the evolution and challenges related to the energy security situation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Poland over the last decades in the context of EU climate agenda.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview and scope",
      "content": "- Focuses on balancing decarbonization with energy security in Poland.\n- Describes the evolution and challenges related to the energy security situation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Poland over the last decades in the context of EU climate agenda.\n- Analyzes possible decarbonization paths and implications for energy import dependency.\n- Pages: 50\n- Volume: 2023\n- Issue: 190\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400244612.002\n- ISBN: 9798400244612\n- ISSN: 1934-7685"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings and statistics",
      "content": "- Despite increasing consumption of imported fossil fuels, Poland has managed to decouple economic growth from carbon emissions.\n- The energy dependency of Poland is well below the EU average, due to a high reliance on domestic coal.\n- Coal accounts for 72 percent of coal-fired power generation.\n- Fossil fuel imports are the main source of risk for energy security, while also being responsible for almost half of energy-related CO2 emissions.\n- Decarbonizing the power sector will not directly contribute to energy security, but it can be achieved without endangering it."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Scenarios and economic implications",
      "content": "- Poland-specific policy scenarios assume significant changes in the electricity mix and varying degrees of decarbonization ambition.\n- Economic outcomes, in particular for employment, depend on how carbon tax receipts are spent."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy conclusions and implications",
      "content": "- The objectives of energy security and decarbonization can be aligned.\n- Policies to shift away from imported fossil fuels will benefit both climate mitigation and energy security.\n- Managing the use of carbon tax receipts is a key determinant of the distributional and employment impacts of decarbonization policies.\n\nInternational Monetary Fund. European Dept. \"Republic of Poland: Selected Issues\", IMF Staff Country Reports 2023, 190 (2023), accessed 9/6/2026, https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400244612.002\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Republic of Poland: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 23/190; May 10, 2023\n  - Republic of Poland: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 23/190; May 10, 2023 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Republic of Poland: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 23/190; May 10, 2023 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}"
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    "Published: June 1, 2023",
    "Series: IMF Staff Country Reports",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400244612.002",
    "Focuses on balancing decarbonization with energy security in Poland.",
    "Describes the evolution and challenges related to the energy security situation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Poland over the last decades in the context of EU climate agenda.",
    "Analyzes possible decarbonization paths and implications for energy import dependency.",
    "Pages: 50",
    "Volume: 2023",
    "Issue: 190",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400244612.002",
    "ISBN: 9798400244612",
    "ISSN: 1934-7685",
    "Despite increasing consumption of imported fossil fuels, Poland has managed to decouple economic growth from carbon emissions.",
    "The energy dependency of Poland is well below the EU average, due to a high reliance on domestic coal.",
    "Coal accounts for 72 percent of coal-fired power generation.",
    "Fossil fuel imports are the main source of risk for energy security, while also being responsible for almost half of energy-related CO2 emissions.",
    "Decarbonizing the power sector will not directly contribute to energy security, but it can be achieved without endangering it.",
    "Poland-specific policy scenarios assume significant changes in the electricity mix and varying degrees of decarbonization ambition.",
    "Economic outcomes, in particular for employment, depend on how carbon tax receipts are spent.",
    "The objectives of energy security and decarbonization can be aligned.",
    "Policies to shift away from imported fossil fuels will benefit both climate mitigation and energy security.",
    "Managing the use of carbon tax receipts is a key determinant of the distributional and employment impacts of decarbonization policies.",
    "**Republic of Poland: Selected Issues; IMF Country Report No. 23/190; May 10, 2023**"
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