{
  "title": "Christine Lagarde: A Global Imperative to Empower Women",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fandd/issues/2019/03/empowering-women-critical-for-global-economy-lagarde",
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  "summary": "The IMF’s Christine Lagarde says empowering women is critical for the world’s economy and people.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview",
      "content": "- Publication: F&D Magazine\n- Author: CHRISTINE LAGARDE (former IMF managing director)\n- Date: March 2019\n- Context: March 8 marks International Women’s Day; the article reflects on persistent gender-equality challenges—including sexual harassment and violence, unequal laws, and workplace unfairness—affecting women’s participation in the economy."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy recommendations (roles for policymakers)",
      "content": "- Design policies that help women and girls access:\n  - education\n  - health services\n  - safe transportation\n  - legal protection against harassment\n  - finance\n  - flexible working arrangements\n- Use policy design to reduce marginalization and increase women’s participation as productive individuals contributing to society and the economy."
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF role and approach",
      "content": "- The IMF recommends and works with member countries to examine how policies affect women.\n- The IMF has increased emphasis on women’s empowerment because it represents a missed opportunity for macroeconomic stability and inclusive growth—areas of IMF expertise.\n- The IMF’s 189 member countries face different challenges, but empowering women is framed as a common denominator and a global imperative."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Research findings and key statistics",
      "content": "- For the bottom half of countries in the IMF sample in terms of gender inequality, closing the gender gap in employment could increase GDP by an average of 35 percent.\n  - Of this increase, 7–8 percentage points are productivity gains due to gender diversity.\n- Adding one more woman in a firm’s senior management or corporate board—while keeping the size of the board unchanged—is associated with an 8–13 basis point higher return on assets.\n- Increasing the share of women in senior positions in banks and among financial supervisors would make the banking sector more stable."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Framing and conclusions",
      "content": "- Empowering women is presented as both an ethical imperative and an economic opportunity: greater gender equality contributes to fairness, diversity, productivity, and more inclusive growth.\n- The payoff from gender-equality policies is shared: “If we can achieve this, we all gain.”\n\nChristine Lagarde: A Global Imperative to Empower Women – IMF Finance & Development Magazine | March 2019\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- حتمية عالمية\n  - حتمية عالمية (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - حتمية عالمية (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Empowering women is critical for the world’s economy and people\n  - Empowering women is critical for the world’s economy and people (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Empowering women is critical for the world’s economy and people (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Un imperativo mundial ● Finanzas y Desarrollo ● Marzo de 2019\n  - Un imperativo mundial ● Finanzas y Desarrollo ● Marzo de 2019 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Un imperativo mundial ● Finanzas y Desarrollo ● Marzo de 2019 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Un impératif mondial\n  - Un impératif mondial (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Un impératif mondial (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 今世界が取り組むべき緊急課題; クリスティーヌ・ラガルド, ファイナンス＆ディベロップメント2019年3月号\n  - 今世界が取り組むべき緊急課題; クリスティーヌ・ラガルド, ファイナンス＆ディベロップメント2019年3月号 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 今世界が取り組むべき緊急課題; クリスティーヌ・ラガルド, ファイナンス＆ディベロップメント2019年3月号 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Настоятельная глобальная задача – Финансы и развитие – март 2019 года\n  - Настоятельная глобальная задача – Финансы и развитие – март 2019 года (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Настоятельная глобальная задача – Финансы и развитие – март 2019 года (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 全球的当务之急 - 金融与发展\n  - 全球的当务之急 - 金融与发展 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 全球的当务之急 - 金融与发展 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fandd/issues/2019/03/empowering-women-critical-for-global-economy-lagarde"
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    "Authors: CHRISTINE LAGARDE",
    "Published: March 1, 2019",
    "Publication: F&D Magazine",
    "Author: CHRISTINE LAGARDE (former IMF managing director)",
    "Date: March 2019",
    "Context: March 8 marks International Women’s Day; the article reflects on persistent gender-equality challenges—including sexual harassment and violence, unequal laws, and workplace unfairness—affecting women’s participation in the economy.",
    "Design policies that help women and girls access:",
    "Use policy design to reduce marginalization and increase women’s participation as productive individuals contributing to society and the economy.",
    "The IMF recommends and works with member countries to examine how policies affect women.",
    "The IMF has increased emphasis on women’s empowerment because it represents a missed opportunity for macroeconomic stability and inclusive growth—areas of IMF expertise.",
    "The IMF’s 189 member countries face different challenges, but empowering women is framed as a common denominator and a global imperative.",
    "For the bottom half of countries in the IMF sample in terms of gender inequality, closing the gender gap in employment could increase GDP by an average of 35 percent.",
    "Adding one more woman in a firm’s senior management or corporate board—while keeping the size of the board unchanged—is associated with an 8–13 basis point higher return on assets.",
    "Increasing the share of women in senior positions in banks and among financial supervisors would make the banking sector more stable.",
    "Empowering women is presented as both an ethical imperative and an economic opportunity: greater gender equality contributes to fairness, diversity, productivity, and more inclusive growth.",
    "The payoff from gender-equality policies is shared: “If we can achieve this, we all gain.”",
    "**حتمية عالمية**",
    "**Empowering women is critical for the world’s economy and people**",
    "**Un imperativo mundial ● Finanzas y Desarrollo ● Marzo de 2019**",
    "**Un impératif mondial**",
    "**今世界が取り組むべき緊急課題; クリスティーヌ・ラガルド, ファイナンス＆ディベロップメント2019年3月号**",
    "**Настоятельная глобальная задача – Финансы и развитие – март 2019 года**",
    "**全球的当务之急 - 金融与发展**"
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