{
  "title": "Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help",
  "publication": "Fiscal Monitor, October 8, 2014",
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  "summary": "Publication: Fiscal Monitor",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview",
      "content": "- Publication: Fiscal Monitor\n- Title: Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help\n- Date: October 2014\n- High-level summary from the source:\n  - \"With the recovery uneven, uncertainties still widespread, and social tensions rising, fiscal policy must find ways to put public finances on a firmer footing while at the same time supporting long-term growth.\"\n  - \"Fiscal policy must, maybe more than in the past, incorporate measures aimed at increasing productivity, employment, and long term growth.\""
    },
    {
      "heading": "Major themes and findings",
      "content": "- Policy trade-offs across country groups:\n  - Advanced economies: \"weak recovery and low inflation call for a delicate balance between support for growth and debt sustainability.\"\n  - Emerging markets: \"should take advantage of their still favorable positions to rebuild policy buffers.\"\n  - Low-income countries: \"should decisively strengthen fiscal governance to make productive use of their natural and financial resources.\"\n- Role of fiscal policy for jobs (Chapter 2):\n  - Fiscal policy \"cannot substitute for comprehensive reforms, it can support job creation in a number of ways.\"\n  - Three channels identified:\n    - \"Deficit reduction can be designed and timed to minimize negative effects on employment.\"\n    - \"Fiscal policy can facilitate structural reforms in the labor market by offsetting their potential short term costs.\"\n    - \"Targeted fiscal measures, including labor tax cuts, can help tackle challenges in specific segments of the labor market, such as youth and older workers.\""
    },
    {
      "heading": "Structure and contents (selected)",
      "content": "- Front Matter: Preface; Executive Summary\n- Chapter 1: Recent Fiscal Developments and Outlook\n  - Full Text\n  - Sections for: Advanced Economies; Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies; Low-Income Developing Countries\n  - Boxes: 1.1 Lowflation and Debt in the Euro Area; 1.2 The Fiscal Implications of International Bond Issuance by Low-Income Developing Countries\n  - Figures: Fiscal Trends in Advanced Economies; Historical Fiscal Adjustment Episodes in Advanced Economies; 1.3 Fiscal Trends in Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies; 1.4 Fiscal Trends in Low-Income Developing Countries\n  - Tables: 1.1a Fiscal Balances, 2008−15: Overall Balance; 1.1b Fiscal Balances, 2008−15: Cyclically Adjusted Balance; General Government Debt, 2008–15; Selected Advanced Economies: Gross Financing Needs, 2014–16; Selected Advanced Economies: Financial Sector Support; 1.5 Selected Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies: Gross Financing Needs, 2014–15\n- Chapter 2: Can Fiscal Policies Do More for Jobs?\n  - Subsections: Does the Composition of Fiscal Consolidation Affect Labor Market Outcomes?; Can Fiscal Policy Support Job-Friendly Labor Reforms?; Targeted Fiscal Measures I—Cutting Labor Taxes; Targeted Fiscal Measures II—Pension Reform to Increase Old-Age Employment\n  - Appendix 2.1. Methodology for Estimating the Impact of Fiscal Consolidation on Employment\n  - Numerous tables and figures enumerated as 2.1 through 2.23 and related methodological appendices\n- Methodological and Statistical Appendix:\n  - Data and Conventions; Fiscal Policy Assumptions; Definition and Coverage of Fiscal Data\n  - Tables A, B, C detailing coverage for Advanced Economies, Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies, Low-Income Developing Countries\n- Statistical Tables numbered 1 through 25, including detailed fiscal series for different country groups and illustrative adjustment needs"
    },
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      "heading": "Key enumerations and referenced items (as listed)",
      "content": "- Boxes: 1.1, 1.2\n- Chapter 2 appendices and tables labeled 2.1–2.23 and 2.1–2.3 (including methodological and country-group breakdowns)\n- Statistical Tables: 1–25, plus 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b, 25\n- Selected time and data ranges explicitly referenced in tables and figures: 1985–2011; 2000–13; 2008−15; 2008–15; 2014–16; 2014–15; 2012; 2009\n\nIMF Fiscal Monitor -- Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- ملخص واف للراصـد المالي:  عودة إلى العمل: كيف يمكن أن تساعد سياسة المالية العامة؟\n  - ملخص واف للراصـد المالي:  عودة إلى العمل: كيف يمكن أن تساعد سياسة المالية العامة؟ (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - ملخص واف للراصـد المالي:  عودة إلى العمل: كيف يمكن أن تساعد سياسة المالية العامة؟ (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- تقرير الراصد المالي: الاقتصاد العالمي يحتاج إلى سياسات ذكية للمالية العامة\n  - تقرير الراصد المالي: الاقتصاد العالمي يحتاج إلى سياسات ذكية للمالية العامة (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - تقرير الراصد المالي: الاقتصاد العالمي يحتاج إلى سياسات ذكية للمالية العامة (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 明智的财政政策有助于改善就业; iMFdirect博客; 2014年10月8日\n  - 明智的财政政策有助于改善就业; iMFdirect博客; 2014年10月8日 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 明智的财政政策有助于改善就业; iMFdirect博客; 2014年10月8日 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 财政监测概要; 重回正途：财政政策能发挥怎样的作用\n  - 财政监测概要; 重回正途：财政政策能发挥怎样的作用 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 财政监测概要; 重回正途：财政政策能发挥怎样的作用 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 世界经济需要明智的财政政策; 基金组织概览; 2014年10月8日\n  - 世界经济需要明智的财政政策; 基金组织概览; 2014年10月8日 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 世界经济需要明智的财政政策; 基金组织概览; 2014年10月8日 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Fmexsf\n  - Fmexsf (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Fmexsf (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 賢明な財政政策が、雇用を支える: ヴィトル・ガスパル iMFdirect ブログ 2014年10月8日掲載\n  - 賢明な財政政策が、雇用を支える: ヴィトル・ガスパル iMFdirect ブログ 2014年10月8日掲載 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 賢明な財政政策が、雇用を支える: ヴィトル・ガスパル iMFdirect ブログ 2014年10月8日掲載 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 財政モニター 2014年10月: 要約\n  - 財政モニター 2014年10月: 要約 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 財政モニター 2014年10月: 要約 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 財政モニター: 賢明な財政政策を必要とする世界経済, IMF サーベイ, 2014年10月8日\n  - 財政モニター: 賢明な財政政策を必要とする世界経済, IMF サーベイ, 2014年10月8日 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 財政モニター: 賢明な財政政策を必要とする世界経済, IMF サーベイ, 2014年10月8日 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- backmatterpdf\n  - backmatterpdf (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - backmatterpdf (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Fmc1pdf\n  - Fmc1pdf (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Fmc1pdf (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- fmc2pdf\n  - fmc2pdf (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - fmc2pdf (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n  - Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n  - Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Preface; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014\n  - Preface; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Preface; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- fmstatapppdf\n  - fmstatapppdf (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - fmstatapppdf (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- IMF Fiscal Monitor Technical Note, October 2014\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor Technical Note, October 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - IMF Fiscal Monitor Technical Note, October 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Обоснованная налогово-бюджетная политика поможет в создании рабочих мест\n  - Обоснованная налогово-бюджетная политика поможет в создании рабочих мест (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Обоснованная налогово-бюджетная политика поможет в создании рабочих мест (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Аналитическое резюме - Бюджетный вестник, октябрь 2014 года\n  - Аналитическое резюме - Бюджетный вестник, октябрь 2014 года (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Аналитическое резюме - Бюджетный вестник, октябрь 2014 года (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- Monitor Fiscal - Resumen Ejecutivo; Octubre 2014\n  - Monitor Fiscal - Resumen Ejecutivo; Octubre 2014 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Monitor Fiscal - Resumen Ejecutivo; Octubre 2014 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\n References\n\n- Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website.\n- Modify your profile\n- https://www.imf.org/en/home\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fm/issues/2016/12/31/back-to-work-how-fiscal-policy-can-help"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/fm/issues/2016/12/31/back-to-work-how-fiscal-policy-can-help/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/fm/issues/2016/12/31/back-to-work-how-fiscal-policy-can-help/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/fm/issues/2016/12/31/back-to-work-how-fiscal-policy-can-help/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Published: October 8, 2014",
    "Series: Fiscal Monitor",
    "Publication: Fiscal Monitor",
    "Title: Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help",
    "Date: October 2014",
    "High-level summary from the source:",
    "Policy trade-offs across country groups:",
    "Role of fiscal policy for jobs (Chapter 2):",
    "Front Matter: Preface; Executive Summary",
    "Chapter 1: Recent Fiscal Developments and Outlook",
    "Chapter 2: Can Fiscal Policies Do More for Jobs?",
    "Methodological and Statistical Appendix:",
    "Statistical Tables numbered 1 through 25, including detailed fiscal series for different country groups and illustrative adjustment needs",
    "Boxes: 1.1, 1.2",
    "Chapter 2 appendices and tables labeled 2.1–2.23 and 2.1–2.3 (including methodological and country-group breakdowns)",
    "Statistical Tables: 1–25, plus 23a, 23b, 24a, 24b, 25",
    "Selected time and data ranges explicitly referenced in tables and figures: 1985–2011; 2000–13; 2008−15; 2008–15; 2014–16; 2014–15; 2012; 2009",
    "**ملخص واف للراصـد المالي:  عودة إلى العمل: كيف يمكن أن تساعد سياسة المالية العامة؟**",
    "**تقرير الراصد المالي: الاقتصاد العالمي يحتاج إلى سياسات ذكية للمالية العامة**",
    "**明智的财政政策有助于改善就业; iMFdirect博客; 2014年10月8日**",
    "**财政监测概要; 重回正途：财政政策能发挥怎样的作用**",
    "**世界经济需要明智的财政政策; 基金组织概览; 2014年10月8日**",
    "**Fmexsf**",
    "**賢明な財政政策が、雇用を支える: ヴィトル・ガスパル iMFdirect ブログ 2014年10月8日掲載**",
    "**財政モニター 2014年10月: 要約**",
    "**財政モニター: 賢明な財政政策を必要とする世界経済, IMF サーベイ, 2014年10月8日**",
    "**_backmatterpdf**",
    "**IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014**",
    "**IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back to Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014**",
    "**Fmc1pdf**",
    "**_fmc2pdf**",
    "**Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014**",
    "**Executive Summary; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014**",
    "**Preface; IMF Fiscal Monitor; Back To Work: How Fiscal Policy Can Help, October 2014**",
    "**_fmstatapppdf**",
    "**IMF Fiscal Monitor Technical Note, October 2014**",
    "**Обоснованная налогово-бюджетная политика поможет в создании рабочих мест**",
    "**Аналитическое резюме - Бюджетный вестник, октябрь 2014 года**",
    "**Monitor Fiscal - Resumen Ejecutivo; Octubre 2014**",
    "[Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website.](https://www.imf.org/en/email-subscription/index)",
    "[Modify your profile](https://www.imf.org/en/email-subscription/login)"
  ],
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