{
  "title": "Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground",
  "publication": "IMF Notes, November 13, 2025",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-notes/issues/2025/11/13/making-european-reforms-a-success-on-the-ground-571788",
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  "summary": "Europe’s medium-term growth prospects remain subdued. There is broad recognition that growth need not be this low, and there is also a common understanding of what is standing in the way. Yet, decisive policy action has been lacking.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary",
      "content": "- Europe’s medium-term growth prospects remain subdued.\n- There is broad recognition that growth need not be this low, and there is also a common understanding of what is standing in the way.\n- Decisive policy action has been lacking; one reason is uncertainty around the size of the gains and how they are distributed.\n- This Note advances the debate by estimating the potential of policy packages aimed at closing structural policy gaps through national and single-market reforms, and showing how they would play out at the regional (within-country) level."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Major themes and focus",
      "content": "- Estimating the potential of policy packages to close structural policy gaps.\n- Emphasis on national and single-market reforms.\n- Analysis of regional (within-country) distributional effects of reforms."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords (as listed)",
      "content": "- Subject: Employment, International trade, Labor, Labor productivity, Macrostructural analysis, Production, Productivity, Structural reforms, Trade barriers\n- Keywords: agglomeration., Baltics, Employment, Europe, Europe's reform, Global, growth, Labor productivity, output per worker gain, Productivity, productivity gain, Reform package, single market, structural reforms, Trade barriers"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Related platform note",
      "content": "- IMF eLibrary offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats.\n\nInternational Monetary Fund. European Dept. \"Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground\", IMF Notes 2025, 005 (2025).\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground; IMF Note No. 25/005; November 2025\n  - Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground; IMF Note No. 25/005; November 2025 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground; IMF Note No. 25/005; November 2025 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-notes/issues/2025/11/13/making-european-reforms-a-success-on-the-ground-571788"
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    "Published: November 13, 2025",
    "Series: IMF Notes",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229030410.068",
    "Europe’s medium-term growth prospects remain subdued.",
    "There is broad recognition that growth need not be this low, and there is also a common understanding of what is standing in the way.",
    "Decisive policy action has been lacking; one reason is uncertainty around the size of the gains and how they are distributed.",
    "This Note advances the debate by estimating the potential of policy packages aimed at closing structural policy gaps through national and single-market reforms, and showing how they would play out at the regional (within-country) level.",
    "Estimating the potential of policy packages to close structural policy gaps.",
    "Emphasis on national and single-market reforms.",
    "Analysis of regional (within-country) distributional effects of reforms.",
    "Subject: Employment, International trade, Labor, Labor productivity, Macrostructural analysis, Production, Productivity, Structural reforms, Trade barriers",
    "Keywords: agglomeration., Baltics, Employment, Europe, Europe's reform, Global, growth, Labor productivity, output per worker gain, Productivity, productivity gain, Reform package, single market, structural reforms, Trade barriers",
    "IMF eLibrary offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats.",
    "**Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground; IMF Note No. 25/005; November 2025**"
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      "title": "Making European Reforms a Success on the Ground; IMF Note No. 25/005; November 2025",
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