{
  "title": "A U.S. Value-Added Tax: A Review of the Issues",
  "publication": "IMF Policy Discussion Papers, June 1, 1995",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-policy-discussion-papers/issues/2016/12/30/a-u-s-1517",
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  "summary": "This paper reviews issues related to the introduction of a value-added tax in the United States. In particular, the paper distinguishes between European-styled value-added taxes that are levied similarly to sales taxes, and value-added taxes that are levied through the business and personal income tax systems. The costs and benefits of such taxes, including their potential yield, are then discussed.",
  "authors": [
    "Christopher M Towe",
    "Saurin Shah"
  ],
  "publishDate": "1995-06-01",
  "series": "IMF Policy Discussion Papers",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview",
      "content": "- Paper reviews issues related to the introduction of a value-added tax in the United States.\n- Distinguishes between:\n  - European-styled value-added taxes that are levied similarly to sales taxes.\n  - Value-added taxes that are levied through the business and personal income tax systems.\n- Discusses the costs and benefits of such taxes, including their potential yield."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Major themes and analytical focus",
      "content": "- Tax design variants:\n  - Comparison of European-styled VAT (sales-tax-like) versus VAT implemented through business and personal income tax systems.\n- Economic assessment:\n  - Examination of costs and benefits associated with introducing a VAT in the United States.\n  - Consideration of VAT yield potential (discussed qualitatively in the paper).\n- Tax administration and measurement:\n  - Engagement with issues relevant to VAT base, VAT evasion, VAT revenue, and VAT system design (keywords indicate coverage)."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords",
      "content": "- Subject: Consumption taxes, Income and capital gains taxes, Income tax systems, National accounts, Personal income, Taxes, Value-added tax\n- Keywords: Consumption taxes, cost, credit-invoice VAT, Income and capital gains taxes, Income tax systems, PDP, Personal income, rate, tax, Value-added tax, VAT base, VAT evasion, VAT revenue, VAT system, VAT yield, VAT-style tax, yield"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Access and related notes",
      "content": "- Classified under: IMF Policy Discussion Papers\n- Notes: Reviews issues related to the introduction of a value-added tax in the United States.\n- eLibrary: Visit the IMF eLibrary for available formats.\n\nSource: A U.S. Value-Added Tax: A Review of the Issues, Christopher M Towe and Saurin Shah, IMF Policy Discussion Papers, June 1, 1995.\n\n---\n\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-policy-discussion-papers/issues/2016/12/30/a-u-s-1517"
    }
  ],
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    "Authors: Christopher M Towe, Saurin Shah",
    "Published: June 1, 1995",
    "Series: IMF Policy Discussion Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451970739.003",
    "Paper reviews issues related to the introduction of a value-added tax in the United States.",
    "Distinguishes between:",
    "Discusses the costs and benefits of such taxes, including their potential yield.",
    "Tax design variants:",
    "Economic assessment:",
    "Tax administration and measurement:",
    "Subject: Consumption taxes, Income and capital gains taxes, Income tax systems, National accounts, Personal income, Taxes, Value-added tax",
    "Keywords: Consumption taxes, cost, credit-invoice VAT, Income and capital gains taxes, Income tax systems, PDP, Personal income, rate, tax, Value-added tax, VAT base, VAT evasion, VAT revenue, VAT system, VAT yield, VAT-style tax, yield",
    "Classified under: IMF Policy Discussion Papers",
    "Notes: Reviews issues related to the introduction of a value-added tax in the United States.",
    "eLibrary: Visit the IMF eLibrary for available formats."
  ],
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