{
  "title": "Economic Transition and Social Protection: Issues and Agenda for Reform",
  "publication": "IMF Policy Discussion Papers, December 1, 1998",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-policy-discussion-papers/issues/2016/12/30/economic-transition-and-social-protection-issues-and-agenda-for-reform-2844",
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  "summary": "This paper briefly describes the factors constraining the social protection policies in the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union (BRO).",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Scope and focus",
      "content": "- Brief description of factors constraining social protection policies in the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union (BRO).\n- Analysis of public spending in social programs, including:\n  - generalized subsidies for goods and consumer services\n  - pensions\n  - unemployment-related and social benefits\n  - education and health care\n- Presentation of policies intended to help mitigate worsening living standards of the poor and vulnerable in a fiscally sustainable manner."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings and themes",
      "content": "- The paper identifies constraints on social protection policies across BRO economies during transition.\n- Public spending components examined include subsidies, pension spending, unemployment-related benefits, social benefits, education, and health care.\n- The analysis emphasizes the trade-off between protecting living standards of the poor and vulnerable and maintaining fiscal sustainability."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy agenda (as presented)",
      "content": "- The paper lists policies aimed at mitigating worsening living standards of the poor and the vulnerable while preserving fiscal sustainability.\n- Policies are presented in the context of transition-related constraints in BRO countries.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Economic Transition and Social Protection--Issues and Agenda for Reform - PPAA/98/14\n  - Economic Transition and Social Protection--Issues and Agenda for Reform - PPAA/98/14 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Economic Transition and Social Protection--Issues and Agenda for Reform - PPAA/98/14 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-policy-discussion-papers/issues/2016/12/30/economic-transition-and-social-protection-issues-and-agenda-for-reform-2844"
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    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/imf-policy-discussion-papers/issues/2016/12/30/economic-transition-and-social-protection-issues-and-agenda-for-reform-2844/index.md)",
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    "Authors: Sanjeev Gupta",
    "Published: December 1, 1998",
    "Series: IMF Policy Discussion Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451967760.003",
    "Brief description of factors constraining social protection policies in the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union (BRO).",
    "Analysis of public spending in social programs, including:",
    "Presentation of policies intended to help mitigate worsening living standards of the poor and vulnerable in a fiscally sustainable manner.",
    "The paper identifies constraints on social protection policies across BRO economies during transition.",
    "Public spending components examined include subsidies, pension spending, unemployment-related benefits, social benefits, education, and health care.",
    "The analysis emphasizes the trade-off between protecting living standards of the poor and vulnerable and maintaining fiscal sustainability.",
    "The paper lists policies aimed at mitigating worsening living standards of the poor and the vulnerable while preserving fiscal sustainability.",
    "Policies are presented in the context of transition-related constraints in BRO countries.",
    "**Economic Transition and Social Protection--Issues and Agenda for Reform - PPAA/98/14**"
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