{
  "title": "China: Economic Reform and Macroeconomic Management",
  "publication": "Occasional Papers, March 15, 1991",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/occasional-papers/issues/2016/12/30/china-economic-reform-and-macroeconomic-management-70",
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  "summary": "China encountered problems preserving economic stability while pursuing reforms aimed at increasing its economic flexibility and efficiency.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary",
      "content": "- China encountered problems preserving economic stability while pursuing reforms aimed at increasing its economic flexibility and efficiency.\n- The paper examines China's experience with market-oriented reforms since 1978, offering lessons for other centrally planned economies in the midst of transition to free markets."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Major Themes and Findings",
      "content": "- Examination of market-oriented reforms in China beginning in 1978.\n- Analysis of the interaction between reform policies and macroeconomic stability.\n- Lessons drawn for other centrally planned economies transitioning to free markets.\n- Subject focus includes Credit, Expenditure, Fiscal policy, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Money, Prices."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy Implications and Recommendations (as indicated by scope)",
      "content": "- Policies to balance economic flexibility and efficiency with preservation of macroeconomic stability.\n- Role of monetary and fiscal policies in supporting enterprise reform and broader transition processes.\n- Consideration of implications for currency holding, enterprise reform, and inflation management."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Authors and Citation",
      "content": "- By Gyorgy Szapary, Steven V Dunaway, David Burton, Mario I. Bléjer\n- Publication date: March 15, 1991\n- Citation format (Chicago): Gyorgy Szapary, Steven V Dunaway, David Burton, and Mario I. Bléjer China: Economic Reform and Macroeconomic Management, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 1991) accessed 9/19/2026, https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557752024.084"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and Keywords",
      "content": "- Subject: Credit, Expenditure, Fiscal policy, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Money, Prices\n- Keywords: centrally planned economies, China's experience, Credit, currency holding, East Asia, Eastern Europe, enterprise, enterprise reform, Global, Inflation, OP, reform process, role of monetary and fiscal policies\n\nSource: IMF publication landing page for \"China: Economic Reform and Macroeconomic Management\" (Occasional Paper No. 1991/007).\n\n---\n\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/occasional-papers/issues/2016/12/30/china-economic-reform-and-macroeconomic-management-70"
    }
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    "Authors: Gyorgy Szapary, Steven V Dunaway, David Burton, Mario I. Bléjer",
    "Published: March 15, 1991",
    "Series: Occasional Papers",
    "Volume: 1991",
    "Issue: 007",
    "Pages: 43",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557752024.084",
    "Stock No: S076",
    "China encountered problems preserving economic stability while pursuing reforms aimed at increasing its economic flexibility and efficiency.",
    "The paper examines China's experience with market-oriented reforms since 1978, offering lessons for other centrally planned economies in the midst of transition to free markets.",
    "Examination of market-oriented reforms in China beginning in 1978.",
    "Analysis of the interaction between reform policies and macroeconomic stability.",
    "Lessons drawn for other centrally planned economies transitioning to free markets.",
    "Subject focus includes Credit, Expenditure, Fiscal policy, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Money, Prices.",
    "Policies to balance economic flexibility and efficiency with preservation of macroeconomic stability.",
    "Role of monetary and fiscal policies in supporting enterprise reform and broader transition processes.",
    "Consideration of implications for currency holding, enterprise reform, and inflation management.",
    "By Gyorgy Szapary, Steven V Dunaway, David Burton, Mario I. Bléjer",
    "Publication date: March 15, 1991",
    "Citation format (Chicago): Gyorgy Szapary, Steven V Dunaway, David Burton, and Mario I. Bléjer China: Economic Reform and Macroeconomic Management, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 1991) accessed 9/19/2026, https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557752024.084",
    "Subject: Credit, Expenditure, Fiscal policy, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Money, Prices",
    "Keywords: centrally planned economies, China's experience, Credit, currency holding, East Asia, Eastern Europe, enterprise, enterprise reform, Global, Inflation, OP, reform process, role of monetary and fiscal policies"
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