{ "title": "Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere - Stronger Fundamentals Pay Off, May 2009 -- Table of Contents", "publication": "Western Hemisphere, May 6, 2009", "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4", "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4", "overlayPath": "/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/index.md", "summary": "The global crisis that began in advanced economies has sent severe shocks around the world, posing a test to the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean.", "sections": [ { "heading": "Executive summary and main finding", "content": "- The global crisis that began in advanced economies has sent severe shocks around the world, posing a test to the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean.\n- During this decade the region has made itself more resilient to external shocks by strengthening policy frameworks and reducing vulnerabilities in its public finances and financial systems.\n- These preparations mean that countries are now more able to respond to the external crisis, many for the first time, with active policies to boost output and employment and protect the most vulnerable groups.\n- These policy responses will help contain the damage from the global crisis and speed up the region’s recovery." }, { "heading": "I. Global, U.S., and Canadian outlook", "content": "- Global and U.S. Outlook\n- Canadian Outlook" }, { "heading": "II. Latin American and Caribbean outlook — themes and chapters", "content": "- A “Double Squeeze” on the Balance of Payments\n- Ongoing Adjustment\n- Policy Response Thus Far\n- Economic Outlook and Risks\n- Policy Challenges: Orderly Adjustment with Limited Output Losses\n- Annex 2.1 Global Shocks and Sovereign Bond Yields\n- Annex 2.2 Financing Conditions for Corporates\n- Annex 2.3 Geographical Concentration of LAC Exports and Exposure to Shocks in the United States and Europe\n- Annex 2.4 Declining Workers’ Remittances\n- Annex 2.5 Caribbean Tourism: A Severe Demand Downturn and Policy Responses" }, { "heading": "III. The global crisis and banking systems in Latin America and the Caribbean", "content": "- Challenges from a Global Crisis\n- Starting Condition of LAC Banking Systems\n- Financial System Impact of Selected Macroeconomic Risks\n- Implications for Prudential Regulation and Banking Supervision\n- Conclusions" }, { "heading": "IV. Will international banks transmit the global credit crunch to Latin American and Caribbean countries?", "content": "- A Potential Channel of Credit Crunch Transmission\n- Key Features of Foreign Banks Lending to LAC\n- Sources of Stability\n- What Drives Foreign Bank Lending Flows to the LAC Region?\n- Is a Retrenchment Under Way? The Latest Evidence\n- What Will Happen in 2009?\n- Technical Appendix" }, { "heading": "Data, indicators, and supporting materials", "content": "- Western Hemisphere: Main Economic Indicators\n- Latin America and the Caribbean: Main Fiscal Indicators\n- References" }, { "heading": "Boxes included in the report", "content": "- 1.1 Lessons from the Crisis and the Regulatory Reform Agenda\n- 2.1 LAC Country Groupings\n- 2.2 Corporate Sector Exposure to Foreign Currency Derivative Contracts in Brazil and Mexico\n- 2.3 Why Do Bad Things Still Happen to Resilient Economies?\n- 2.4 Saving for a Rainy Day? Sensitivity of LAC Fiscal Positions to Commodity Prices\n- 2.5 Countercyclical Fiscal Policy under Alternative Monetary Policy Frameworks\n- 3.1 Financial Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean\n- 3.2 Forward-Looking Provisioning Considerations\n\nRegional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere - Stronger Fundamentals Pay Off, May 2009 — Table of Contents\n\n---\n\n\n References\n\n- Press Release\n- Regional Economic Outlooks\n- IMF Regional Reports\n- World Economic Outlook\n- Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website.\n- Modify your profile\n- https://www.imf.org/en/home\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4" } ], "bullets": [ "[Markdown version](/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/index.md)", "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/index.json)", "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/bundle-manifest.json)", "Published: May 6, 2009", "Series: Western Hemisphere", "The global crisis that began in advanced economies has sent severe shocks around the world, posing a test to the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean.", "During this decade the region has made itself more resilient to external shocks by strengthening policy frameworks and reducing vulnerabilities in its public finances and financial systems.", "These preparations mean that countries are now more able to respond to the external crisis, many for the first time, with active policies to boost output and employment and protect the most vulnerable groups.", "These policy responses will help contain the damage from the global crisis and speed up the region’s recovery.", "Global and U.S. Outlook", "Canadian Outlook", "A “Double Squeeze” on the Balance of Payments", "Ongoing Adjustment", "Policy Response Thus Far", "Economic Outlook and Risks", "Policy Challenges: Orderly Adjustment with Limited Output Losses", "Annex 2.1 Global Shocks and Sovereign Bond Yields", "Annex 2.2 Financing Conditions for Corporates", "Annex 2.3 Geographical Concentration of LAC Exports and Exposure to Shocks in the United States and Europe", "Annex 2.4 Declining Workers’ Remittances", "Annex 2.5 Caribbean Tourism: A Severe Demand Downturn and Policy Responses", "Challenges from a Global Crisis", "Starting Condition of LAC Banking Systems", "Financial System Impact of Selected Macroeconomic Risks", "Implications for Prudential Regulation and Banking Supervision", "Conclusions", "A Potential Channel of Credit Crunch Transmission", "Key Features of Foreign Banks Lending to LAC", "Sources of Stability", "What Drives Foreign Bank Lending Flows to the LAC Region?", "Is a Retrenchment Under Way? The Latest Evidence", "What Will Happen in 2009?", "Technical Appendix", "Western Hemisphere: Main Economic Indicators", "Latin America and the Caribbean: Main Fiscal Indicators", "References", "1.1 Lessons from the Crisis and the Regulatory Reform Agenda", "2.1 LAC Country Groupings", "2.2 Corporate Sector Exposure to Foreign Currency Derivative Contracts in Brazil and Mexico", "2.3 Why Do Bad Things Still Happen to Resilient Economies?", "2.4 Saving for a Rainy Day? Sensitivity of LAC Fiscal Positions to Commodity Prices", "2.5 Countercyclical Fiscal Policy under Alternative Monetary Policy Frameworks", "3.1 Financial Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean", "3.2 Forward-Looking Provisioning Considerations", "[Press Release](https://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2009/pr09150.htm)", "[Regional Economic Outlooks](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/reorepts.aspx)", "[IMF Regional Reports](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/region.asp)", "[World Economic Outlook](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/index.htm)", "[Sign up to receive free e-mail notices when new series and/or country items are posted on the IMF website.](https://www.imf.org/en/email-subscription/index)", "[Modify your profile](https://www.imf.org/en/email-subscription/login)" ], "alternates": { "markdown": "/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/index.md", "json": "/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/index.json", "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/reo/wh/issues/2017/01/07/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere4/bundle-manifest.json" }, "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-08T17:54:57.9Z" }