{
  "title": "How Has Dollarization Served Timor-Leste So Far?",
  "publication": "Selected Issues Papers, December 20, 2024",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795",
  "overlayPath": "/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/index.md",
  "summary": "This paper analyzes Timor-Leste’s historical economic performance and structure under dollarization. It considers several dimensions that determine the benefits and costs of the regime: (i) growth and inflation performance; (ii) business and financial cycle synchronization; (iii) adjustment to exter",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Analysis dimensions examined",
      "content": "- Growth and inflation performance\n- Business and financial cycle synchronization\n- Adjustment to external shocks\n- Competitiveness"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- Dollarization has helped Timor-Leste achieve relatively low and stable inflation in the context of post conflict fragility.\n- Dollarization may be contributing to weakening competitiveness.\n- Improved performance under dollarization requires reduced fiscal imbalances.\n- Structural bottlenecks that undermine competitiveness must be addressed to advance performance under dollarization."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subject areas and keywords covered",
      "content": "- Business cycles, Dollarization, Economic growth, Expenditure, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Monetary policy, Prices, Real effective exchange rates\n- Asia-Pacific department, business cycles, competitiveness, Dollarization, Global, I. data description, Inflation, inflation performance, Real effective exchange rates, structure under dollarization, weakening competitiveness"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publication identifiers (as presented on the page)",
      "content": "- Pages: 18\n- Volume: 2024\n- Issue: 042\n- Series: Selected Issues Paper No. 2024/042\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400295836.018\n- ISBN: 9798400295836\n- ISSN: 2958-7875\n\nSource: \"How Has Dollarization Served Timor-Leste So Far?\", Selected Issues Papers, by Raju Huidrom and Danila Smirnov, December 20, 2024.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Sipea2024042\n  - Sipea2024042 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Sipea2024042 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Authors: Raju Huidrom, Danila Smirnov",
    "Published: December 20, 2024",
    "Series: Selected Issues Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400295836.018",
    "Growth and inflation performance",
    "Business and financial cycle synchronization",
    "Adjustment to external shocks",
    "Competitiveness",
    "Dollarization has helped Timor-Leste achieve relatively low and stable inflation in the context of post conflict fragility.",
    "Dollarization may be contributing to weakening competitiveness.",
    "Improved performance under dollarization requires reduced fiscal imbalances.",
    "Structural bottlenecks that undermine competitiveness must be addressed to advance performance under dollarization.",
    "Business cycles, Dollarization, Economic growth, Expenditure, Foreign exchange, Inflation, Monetary policy, Prices, Real effective exchange rates",
    "Asia-Pacific department, business cycles, competitiveness, Dollarization, Global, I. data description, Inflation, inflation performance, Real effective exchange rates, structure under dollarization, weakening competitiveness",
    "Pages: 18",
    "Volume: 2024",
    "Issue: 042",
    "Series: Selected Issues Paper No. 2024/042",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400295836.018",
    "ISBN: 9798400295836",
    "ISSN: 2958-7875",
    "**Sipea2024042**"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "Sipea2024042",
      "role": "document",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/selected-issues-papers/2024/english/sipea2024042.pdf",
      "summary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/selected-issues-papers/2024/english/sipea2024042.pdf.md",
        "mime": "text/markdown"
      },
      "binary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/selected-issues-papers/2024/english/sipea2024042.pdf",
        "mime": "application/pdf"
      }
    }
  ],
  "alternates": {
    "markdown": "/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/index.md",
    "json": "/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/index.json",
    "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/selected-issues-papers/issues/2024/12/20/how-has-dollarization-served-timor-leste-so-far-559795/bundle-manifest.json"
  },
  "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-20T20:03:47.760Z"
}