{
  "title": "IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work",
  "publication": "Technical Notes and Manuals, April 28, 2025",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719",
  "overlayPath": "/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/index.md",
  "summary": "Engaging on education spending supports the delivery on the Fund’s macroeconomic mandate. Education is a key determinant of economic growth and development and plays a fundamental role in reducing inequalities.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Purpose and scope",
      "content": "- Provides guidance to staff on engaging on education spending issues in surveillance and program contexts following the IMF’s 2019 social spending strategy.\n- Emphasizes that engaging on education spending supports the Fund’s macroeconomic mandate because education is a key determinant of economic growth and development and plays a fundamental role in reducing inequalities.\n- Notes that public intervention in education is widespread and generally justified on both efficiency and equity grounds.\n- Observes that large gaps exist across countries in both education access and learning outcomes."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Assessment framework: macro-criticality channels",
      "content": "- Engagement is guided by an assessment of macro-criticality which can arise through three channels:\n  - Spending adequacy\n  - Spending efficiency\n  - Fiscal sustainability\n- The note aims to guide staff on how to assess these three channels."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Engagement in surveillance contexts",
      "content": "- Focus on macro-critical education issues is warranted when such issues affect or have the potential to affect domestic or external stability.\n- The extent and purpose of engagement will vary across countries."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Engagement in program settings",
      "content": "- Engagement on macro-critical education issues may arise when such issues are critical to achieve program objectives or to monitor program implementation.\n- The extent and purpose of engagement will vary across programs."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Operational considerations and collaboration",
      "content": "- When engaging on macro-critical education spending issues, it is important to collaborate with development partners.\n- The note is intended to inform staff judgment on whether and how to engage, recognizing cross-country and program heterogeneity."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key publication facts and identifiers",
      "content": "- Authors: Mauricio Soto, Geremia Palomba, Fernanda Brollo, Nick Carroll, Zsuzsa Munkacsi, Alberto Tumino, Tohid Atashbar, Baoping Shang, Dawit Tessema\n- Date: April 28, 2025\n- Series: Technical Notes and Manuals No. 2025/007\n- Issue: 007\n- Volume: 2025\n- Pages: 43\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400298677.005\n- ISBN: 9798400298677\n- ISSN: 2075-8669\n\nIMF Technical Guidance Note “IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work”, Technical Notes and Manuals No. 2025/007 (April 28, 2025).\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work; March 2025; TNM 2025/07\n  - IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work; March 2025; TNM 2025/07 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work; March 2025; TNM 2025/07 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Authors: Mauricio Soto, Geremia Palomba, Fernanda Brollo, Nick Carroll, Zsuzsa Munkacsi, Alberto Tumino, Tohid Atashbar, Baoping Shang, Dawit Tessema",
    "Published: April 28, 2025",
    "Series: Technical Notes and Manuals",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400298677.005",
    "Provides guidance to staff on engaging on education spending issues in surveillance and program contexts following the IMF’s 2019 social spending strategy.",
    "Emphasizes that engaging on education spending supports the Fund’s macroeconomic mandate because education is a key determinant of economic growth and development and plays a fundamental role in reducing inequalities.",
    "Notes that public intervention in education is widespread and generally justified on both efficiency and equity grounds.",
    "Observes that large gaps exist across countries in both education access and learning outcomes.",
    "Engagement is guided by an assessment of macro-criticality which can arise through three channels:",
    "The note aims to guide staff on how to assess these three channels.",
    "Focus on macro-critical education issues is warranted when such issues affect or have the potential to affect domestic or external stability.",
    "The extent and purpose of engagement will vary across countries.",
    "Engagement on macro-critical education issues may arise when such issues are critical to achieve program objectives or to monitor program implementation.",
    "The extent and purpose of engagement will vary across programs.",
    "When engaging on macro-critical education spending issues, it is important to collaborate with development partners.",
    "The note is intended to inform staff judgment on whether and how to engage, recognizing cross-country and program heterogeneity.",
    "Authors: Mauricio Soto, Geremia Palomba, Fernanda Brollo, Nick Carroll, Zsuzsa Munkacsi, Alberto Tumino, Tohid Atashbar, Baoping Shang, Dawit Tessema",
    "Date: April 28, 2025",
    "Series: Technical Notes and Manuals No. 2025/007",
    "Issue: 007",
    "Volume: 2025",
    "Pages: 43",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400298677.005",
    "ISBN: 9798400298677",
    "ISSN: 2075-8669",
    "**IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work; March 2025; TNM 2025/07**"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "IMF Engagement on Education Spending in Surveillance and Program Work; March 2025; TNM 2025/07",
      "role": "document",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/tnm/2025/english/tnmea2025007.pdf",
      "summary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/tnm/2025/english/tnmea2025007.pdf.md",
        "mime": "text/markdown"
      },
      "binary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/tnm/2025/english/tnmea2025007.pdf",
        "mime": "application/pdf"
      }
    }
  ],
  "alternates": {
    "markdown": "/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/index.md",
    "json": "/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/index.json",
    "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/tnm/issues/2025/04/28/imf-engagement-on-education-spending-in-surveillance-and-program-work-560719/bundle-manifest.json"
  },
  "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-21T07:14:31.843Z"
}