{
  "title": "Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues",
  "publication": "World Economic and Financial Surveys, September 24, 1999",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215",
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  "summary": "This study reviews the developments and issues in the exchange arrangements and currency convertibility of IMF members. The principal information source for this report is the Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions prepared in consultation with national authorities.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary and Scope",
      "content": "- This study reviews the developments and issues in the exchange arrangements and currency convertibility of IMF members.\n- The principal information source for this report is the Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions prepared in consultation with national authorities."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Authors and Publication",
      "content": "- By R. B. Johnston, Mark Swinburne\n- By a staff team in the Monetary and Exchange Affairs Department led by R. Barry Johnston with Mark Swinburne, Alexander Kyei, Bernard Laurens, David Mitchem, Inci Otker, Susana Sosa, and Natalia Tamirisa.\n- Publication date: September 24, 1999\n- Series: World Economic and Financial Surveys No 1999/017\n- Issue: 017\n- Volume: 1999"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and Keywords",
      "content": "- Subjects:\n  - Currency markets\n  - Exchange rate arrangements\n  - Exchange rates\n  - Exchange restrictions\n  - Financial markets\n  - Foreign exchange\n- Keywords:\n  - Africa\n  - arrangement practice\n  - Asia and Pacific\n  - Baltics\n  - control\n  - Currency markets\n  - deutsche mark\n  - Exchange rate arrangements\n  - exchange rate band\n  - Exchange rates\n  - Exchange restrictions\n  - forward market\n  - Global\n  - liberalization\n  - managed float\n  - market\n  - market decision making\n  - single currency\n  - U.S. dollar\n  - WEFS\n  - West Africa"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Data Sources and Methodology",
      "content": "- Principal information source: Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions, prepared in consultation with national authorities."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Access and Related Services (as listed on the page)",
      "content": "- Visit the IMF eLibrary: offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats.\n- IMF Publications Newsletter: Latest economic research and insights delivered by subscription.\n\nInternational Monetary Fund — Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues (September 24, 1999).\n\n---\n\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215"
    }
  ],
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    "Authors: R. B. Johnston, Mark Swinburne",
    "Published: September 24, 1999",
    "Series: World Economic and Financial Surveys",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557757951.083",
    "This study reviews the developments and issues in the exchange arrangements and currency convertibility of IMF members.",
    "The principal information source for this report is the Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions prepared in consultation with national authorities.",
    "By R. B. Johnston, Mark Swinburne",
    "By a staff team in the Monetary and Exchange Affairs Department led by R. Barry Johnston with Mark Swinburne, Alexander Kyei, Bernard Laurens, David Mitchem, Inci Otker, Susana Sosa, and Natalia Tamirisa.",
    "Publication date: September 24, 1999",
    "Series: World Economic and Financial Surveys No 1999/017",
    "Issue: 017",
    "Volume: 1999",
    "Subjects:",
    "Keywords:",
    "Principal information source: Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions, prepared in consultation with national authorities.",
    "Visit the IMF eLibrary: offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats.",
    "IMF Publications Newsletter: Latest economic research and insights delivered by subscription."
  ],
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