## Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues

_World Economic and Financial Surveys, September 24, 1999_

## Source details

**Canonical URL:** [Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215)

## Other formats

- [Markdown version](/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215/index.md)
- [Structured JSON version](/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215/index.json)
- [Bundle manifest](/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215/bundle-manifest.json)

## Bibliographic details
- Authors: R. B. Johnston, Mark Swinburne
- Published: September 24, 1999
- Series: World Economic and Financial Surveys
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557757951.083

---

### Summary and Scope
- This study reviews the developments and issues in the exchange arrangements and currency convertibility of IMF members.
- The principal information source for this report is the Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions prepared in consultation with national authorities.

### Authors and Publication
- By R. B. Johnston, Mark Swinburne
- By a staff team in the Monetary and Exchange Affairs Department led by R. Barry Johnston with Mark Swinburne, Alexander Kyei, Bernard Laurens, David Mitchem, Inci Otker, Susana Sosa, and Natalia Tamirisa.
- Publication date: September 24, 1999
- Series: World Economic and Financial Surveys No 1999/017
- Issue: 017
- Volume: 1999

### Subjects and Keywords
- Subjects:
  - Currency markets
  - Exchange rate arrangements
  - Exchange rates
  - Exchange restrictions
  - Financial markets
  - Foreign exchange
- Keywords:
  - Africa
  - arrangement practice
  - Asia and Pacific
  - Baltics
  - control
  - Currency markets
  - deutsche mark
  - Exchange rate arrangements
  - exchange rate band
  - Exchange rates
  - Exchange restrictions
  - forward market
  - Global
  - liberalization
  - managed float
  - market
  - market decision making
  - single currency
  - U.S. dollar
  - WEFS
  - West Africa

### Data Sources and Methodology
- Principal information source: Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions, prepared in consultation with national authorities.

### Access and Related Services (as listed on the page)
- Visit the IMF eLibrary: offers over 25,000 IMF publications in multiple formats.
- IMF Publications Newsletter: Latest economic research and insights delivered by subscription.

*International Monetary Fund — Exchange Rate Arrangements and Currency Convertibility: Developments and Issues (September 24, 1999).*

---


_Source: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/world-economic-and-financial-surveys/issues/2016/12/30/exchange-rate-arrangements-and-currency-convertibility-developments-and-issues-3215_