{
  "title": "Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, July 1, 2002",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852",
  "overlayPath": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/index.md",
  "summary": "The paper investigates the existence of \"super pro-poor\" policies-that is, policies that directly influence the income of the poor after accounting for the effect of growth.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary and central question",
      "content": "- Investigates the existence of \"super pro-poor\" policies—that is, policies that directly influence the income of the poor after accounting for the effect of growth.\n- Confirms that growth raises the income of the poor, although this relationship is less than one-to-one."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Methodology",
      "content": "- Uses a dynamic panel estimator to capture both across- and within-country effects.\n- Employs a Bayesian-type robustness check to account for model uncertainty."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- Growth increases the income of the poor, but the effect is less than one-to-one.\n- Four \"super pro-poor\" conditions influenced by policy are identified:\n  - inflation\n  - government size\n  - educational achievement\n  - financial development"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy implications (implicit from findings)",
      "content": "- Macroeconomic and structural policies that target inflation, government size, educational achievement, and financial development can enhance the poverty-reducing impact of growth.\n- Considering model uncertainty and both cross-country and within-country dynamics is important when evaluating policy effectiveness on the income of the poor.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction - WP/02/118\n  - Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction - WP/02/118 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction - WP/02/118 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Authors: Carlos A Leite, Charalambos G Tsangarides, Dhaneshwar Ghura",
    "Published: July 1, 2002",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451854091.001",
    "Investigates the existence of \"super pro-poor\" policies—that is, policies that directly influence the income of the poor after accounting for the effect of growth.",
    "Confirms that growth raises the income of the poor, although this relationship is less than one-to-one.",
    "Uses a dynamic panel estimator to capture both across- and within-country effects.",
    "Employs a Bayesian-type robustness check to account for model uncertainty.",
    "Growth increases the income of the poor, but the effect is less than one-to-one.",
    "Four \"super pro-poor\" conditions influenced by policy are identified:",
    "Macroeconomic and structural policies that target inflation, government size, educational achievement, and financial development can enhance the poverty-reducing impact of growth.",
    "Considering model uncertainty and both cross-country and within-country dynamics is important when evaluating policy effectiveness on the income of the poor.",
    "**Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction - WP/02/118**"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "Is Growth Enough? Macroeconomic Policy and Poverty Reduction - WP/02/118",
      "role": "document",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/_wp02118.pdf",
      "summary": {
        "path": "/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/_wp02118.pdf.md",
        "mime": "text/markdown"
      },
      "binary": {
        "path": "/-/media/websites/imf/imported-full-text-pdf/external/pubs/ft/wp/2002/_wp02118.pdf",
        "mime": "application/pdf"
      }
    }
  ],
  "alternates": {
    "markdown": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/index.md",
    "json": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/index.json",
    "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/is-growth-enough-macroeconomic-policy-and-poverty-reduction-15852/bundle-manifest.json"
  },
  "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-17T06:50:03.273Z"
}