{
  "title": "Regional Trade Agreements Versus Broad Liberalization: Which Path Leads to Faster Growth? Time-Series Evidence",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, March 1, 1998",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/regional-trade-agreements-versus-broad-liberalization-which-path-leads-to-faster-growth-time-2540",
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  "summary": "Should a closed economy open its trade to all countries or limit itself to participation in regional trade agreements (RTAs)?",
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      "heading": "Summary and principal findings",
      "content": "- Research question: Should a closed economy open its trade to all countries or limit itself to participation in regional trade agreements (RTAs)?\n- Data coverage: time-series evidence for a data set for 1950-92.\n- Main empirical findings:\n  - Economies grew faster after broad liberalization, both in the short and long run.\n  - Economies grew slower after participation in an RTA.\n  - Economies had higher investment shares after broad liberalization.\n  - Economies had lower investment shares after joining an RTA.\n- Policy implication stated: The policy implications support broad liberalization."
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    {
      "heading": "Methods and subject focus",
      "content": "- Methodological approach: time-series estimation and comparisons of growth performance for countries that liberalized broadly versus those that joined an RTA.\n- Subjects and keywords listed:\n  - Econometric analysis\n  - International trade\n  - Logit models\n  - Population and demographics\n  - Population growth\n  - Trade barriers\n  - Trade liberalization\n  - Trade policy\n  - Economic Growth of Open Economies\n  - Global\n  - investment share\n  - liberalization case\n  - Logit models\n  - open economy\n  - Population growth\n  - RTA dummy\n  - RTAs lead\n  - Trade barriers\n  - Trade liberalization\n  - Trade policy\n  - trade share\n  - WP\n  - Years before\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- wp9840\n  - wp9840 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - wp9840 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/regional-trade-agreements-versus-broad-liberalization-which-path-leads-to-faster-growth-time-2540"
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    "Authors: Athanasios Vamvakidis",
    "Published: March 1, 1998",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451845945.001",
    "Research question: Should a closed economy open its trade to all countries or limit itself to participation in regional trade agreements (RTAs)?",
    "Data coverage: time-series evidence for a data set for 1950-92.",
    "Main empirical findings:",
    "Policy implication stated: The policy implications support broad liberalization.",
    "Methodological approach: time-series estimation and comparisons of growth performance for countries that liberalized broadly versus those that joined an RTA.",
    "Subjects and keywords listed:",
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