{
  "title": "Transition and Regional Inequality in Russia: Reorganization or Procrastination?",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, October 1, 2002",
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  "summary": "This paper analyzes the evolution of interregional income inequality during transition in Russia. The transition matrix approach reveals that between 1991 and 1997 income mobility tended toward a highly uneven long-term distribution with the majority of regions at low income levels and a minority of",
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    {
      "heading": "Summary",
      "content": "- This paper analyzes the evolution of interregional income inequality during transition in Russia.\n- The transition matrix approach reveals that between 1991 and 1997 income mobility tended toward a highly uneven long-term distribution with the majority of regions at low income levels and a minority of higher-income regions, in sharp contrast to pretransition times.\n- The ordered logit analysis suggests that the more successful regions prospered on account of their natural resources, while continuing to resist economic reorganization by supporting traditional enterprises.\n- The less-successful regions appeared trapped at low income levels due to uncompetitive industries and lack of resources needed for restructuring."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Methods and Analytical Approach",
      "content": "- Transition matrix approach:\n  - Used to assess income mobility and long-term distribution patterns across Russian regions between 1991 and 1997.\n- Ordered logit analysis:\n  - Used to identify correlates of regional success and persistence in income categories, highlighting the roles of natural resources, enterprise restructuring, and industrial competitiveness."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key Findings",
      "content": "- Time frame of primary analysis: 1991 and 1997.\n- Principal outcome:\n  - Income mobility during 1991–1997 tended toward a highly uneven long-term distribution:\n    - Majority of regions at low income levels.\n    - Minority of regions at higher income levels.\n  - This pattern stood in sharp contrast to pretransition times.\n- Determinants of regional outcomes:\n  - More-successful regions:\n    - Prosperity associated with natural resources.\n    - Continued support for traditional enterprises, resisting economic reorganization.\n  - Less-successful regions:\n    - Trapped at low income levels.\n    - Constrained by uncompetitive industries and lack of resources for restructuring.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Transition and Regional Inequality in Russia: Reorganization or Procrastination? - WP/02/169\n  - Transition and Regional Inequality in Russia: Reorganization or Procrastination? - WP/02/169 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Transition and Regional Inequality in Russia: Reorganization or Procrastination? - WP/02/169 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/transition-and-regional-inequality-in-russia-reorganization-or-procrastination-16042"
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    "Authors: Irina Dolinskaya, Irina Tytell",
    "Published: October 1, 2002",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451858358.001",
    "This paper analyzes the evolution of interregional income inequality during transition in Russia.",
    "The transition matrix approach reveals that between 1991 and 1997 income mobility tended toward a highly uneven long-term distribution with the majority of regions at low income levels and a minority of higher-income regions, in sharp contrast to pretransition times.",
    "The ordered logit analysis suggests that the more successful regions prospered on account of their natural resources, while continuing to resist economic reorganization by supporting traditional enterprises.",
    "The less-successful regions appeared trapped at low income levels due to uncompetitive industries and lack of resources needed for restructuring.",
    "Transition matrix approach:",
    "Ordered logit analysis:",
    "Time frame of primary analysis: 1991 and 1997.",
    "Principal outcome:",
    "Determinants of regional outcomes:",
    "**Transition and Regional Inequality in Russia: Reorganization or Procrastination? - WP/02/169**"
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