{
  "title": "Can Women Save Japan?",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, October 15, 2012",
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  "summary": "Japan's potential growth rate is steadily falling with the aging of its population. This paper explores the extent to which raising female labor participation can help slow this trend.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Executive summary and motivation",
      "content": "- Japan's potential growth rate is steadily falling with the aging of its population.\n- The paper explores the extent to which raising female labor participation can help slow this trend.\n- Using a cross-country database the authors examine drivers of female labor participation and the implications for Japan."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key empirical findings",
      "content": "- Within countries over time, much of the rise in women's aggregate participation rates is associated with:\n  - smaller families\n  - higher female education\n  - lower marriage rates\n- Across countries, policies are likely increasingly important for explaining differences in female labor participation.\n- Two specific hurdles for women participating in the workforce in Japan:\n  - Few working women start out in career-track positions.\n  - Many women drop out of the workforce following childbirth."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Implications for growth",
      "content": "- Raising female participation could provide an important boost to growth by partially offsetting downward pressure from population aging."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy recommendations",
      "content": "- Increase women's attachment to work in Japan by:\n  - Reducing the gender gap in career-track positions.\n  - Providing better support for working mothers.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Appendix I. Additional Tables and Figures\n  - Appendix I. Additional Tables and Figures (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Appendix I. Additional Tables and Figures (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n- 女性は日本を救えるか？IMFWorking Paper 12/248; チャド・スタインバーグ、中根誠人; October 1, 2012\n  - 女性は日本を救えるか？IMFWorking Paper 12/248; チャド・スタインバーグ、中根誠人; October 1, 2012 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - 女性は日本を救えるか？IMFWorking Paper 12/248; チャド・スタインバーグ、中根誠人; October 1, 2012 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/can-women-save-japan-40048"
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    "Authors: Chad Steinberg, Masato Nakane",
    "Published: October 15, 2012",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781475512922.001",
    "Japan's potential growth rate is steadily falling with the aging of its population.",
    "The paper explores the extent to which raising female labor participation can help slow this trend.",
    "Using a cross-country database the authors examine drivers of female labor participation and the implications for Japan.",
    "Within countries over time, much of the rise in women's aggregate participation rates is associated with:",
    "Across countries, policies are likely increasingly important for explaining differences in female labor participation.",
    "Two specific hurdles for women participating in the workforce in Japan:",
    "Raising female participation could provide an important boost to growth by partially offsetting downward pressure from population aging.",
    "Increase women's attachment to work in Japan by:",
    "**Appendix I. Additional Tables and Figures**",
    "**女性は日本を救えるか？IMFWorking Paper 12/248; チャド・スタインバーグ、中根誠人; October 1, 2012**"
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