{
  "title": "Competitiveness in the CFA Franc Zone",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, August 1, 2007",
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  "summary": "This paper reviews the evolution of competitiveness in the CFA franc zone using a proposed comprehensive competitiveness framework.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary / Purpose",
      "content": "- This paper reviews the evolution of competitiveness in the CFA franc zone using a proposed comprehensive competitiveness framework.\n- The analysis focuses on competitiveness in the WAEMU and CEMAC regions by examining the \"environment\" and \"policy\" components of competitiveness and their quantifiable determinants.\n- Determinants analyzed include indicators to measure productivity and labor market conditions, prices and costs, macroeconomic performance, business environment, governance, and technology and infrastructure."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- Despite some recent improvements—particularly for the CEMAC—both regions face serious competitiveness challenges when compared to pier groups of countries.\n- To become more competitive, raise growth, and improve the quality of life, there is a need for structural reform to:\n  - improve productivity,\n  - reduce factor costs,\n  - create the right business, legal, and political environment to attract economic activity."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Thematic components analyzed",
      "content": "- Productivity and labor market conditions\n- Prices and costs\n- Macroeconomic performance\n- Business environment\n- Governance\n- Technology and infrastructure"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subject and keywords",
      "content": "- Subject: Competition, Exchange rates, Exports, Real effective exchange rates, Real exchange rates\n- Keywords: CEMAC, cost, exchange rate, WAEMU, WP\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- WAEMU and CEMAC: Real Effective Exchange Rate and Components\n  - WAEMU and CEMAC: Real Effective Exchange Rate and Components (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - WAEMU and CEMAC: Real Effective Exchange Rate and Components (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/competitiveness-in-the-cfa-franc-zone-21276"
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    "Authors: Charalambos G Tsangarides, Gustavo Ramirez",
    "Published: August 1, 2007",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451867763.001",
    "This paper reviews the evolution of competitiveness in the CFA franc zone using a proposed comprehensive competitiveness framework.",
    "The analysis focuses on competitiveness in the WAEMU and CEMAC regions by examining the \"environment\" and \"policy\" components of competitiveness and their quantifiable determinants.",
    "Determinants analyzed include indicators to measure productivity and labor market conditions, prices and costs, macroeconomic performance, business environment, governance, and technology and infrastructure.",
    "Despite some recent improvements—particularly for the CEMAC—both regions face serious competitiveness challenges when compared to pier groups of countries.",
    "To become more competitive, raise growth, and improve the quality of life, there is a need for structural reform to:",
    "Productivity and labor market conditions",
    "Prices and costs",
    "Macroeconomic performance",
    "Business environment",
    "Governance",
    "Technology and infrastructure",
    "Subject: Competition, Exchange rates, Exports, Real effective exchange rates, Real exchange rates",
    "Keywords: CEMAC, cost, exchange rate, WAEMU, WP",
    "**WAEMU and CEMAC: Real Effective Exchange Rate and Components**"
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