{
  "title": "Kernel Density Estimation Based on Grouped Data: The Case of Poverty Assessment",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, July 1, 2008",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/kernel-density-estimation-based-on-grouped-data-the-case-of-poverty-assessment-22167",
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  "summary": "We analyze the performance of kernel density methods applied to grouped data to estimate poverty (as applied in Sala-i-Martin, 2006, QJE).",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary and main conclusion",
      "content": "- Study analyzes the performance of kernel density methods applied to grouped data to estimate poverty (as applied in Sala-i-Martin, 2006, QJE).\n- Using Monte Carlo simulations and household surveys, the authors find that the technique gives rise to biases in poverty estimates.\n- The sign and magnitude of biases vary with the bandwidth, the kernel, the number of datapoints, and across poverty lines.\n- The authors conclude: \"Our findings challenge the validity and robustness of poverty estimates derived through kernel density estimation on grouped data.\""
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key quantitative findings",
      "content": "- Depending on the chosen bandwidth, the $1/day poverty rate in 2000 varies by a factor of 1.8.\n- The $2/day headcount in 2000 varies by 287 million people, depending on the chosen bandwidth."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Methodology",
      "content": "- Approaches used: Monte Carlo simulations and analysis of household surveys.\n- Focus: Application of kernel density estimation methods to grouped income/consumption data for poverty measurement.\n- Factors examined: bandwidth choice, kernel choice, number of datapoints, and different poverty lines."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Scope and metadata",
      "content": "- Authors: Camelia Minoiu, Sanjay Reddy\n- Date: July 1, 2008\n- Series: Working Paper No. 2008/183\n- Issue: 183\n- Pages: 34\n- ISBN: 9781451870411\n- ISSN: 1018-5941\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451870411.001\n\nIMF Working Paper — \"Kernel Density Estimation Based on Grouped Data: The Case of Poverty Assessment\", Camelia Minoiu and Sanjay Reddy, July 1, 2008.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- wp08183 — References\n  - wp08183 — References (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - wp08183 — References (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/kernel-density-estimation-based-on-grouped-data-the-case-of-poverty-assessment-22167"
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    "Authors: Camelia Minoiu, Sanjay Reddy",
    "Published: July 1, 2008",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451870411.001",
    "Study analyzes the performance of kernel density methods applied to grouped data to estimate poverty (as applied in Sala-i-Martin, 2006, QJE).",
    "Using Monte Carlo simulations and household surveys, the authors find that the technique gives rise to biases in poverty estimates.",
    "The sign and magnitude of biases vary with the bandwidth, the kernel, the number of datapoints, and across poverty lines.",
    "The authors conclude: \"Our findings challenge the validity and robustness of poverty estimates derived through kernel density estimation on grouped data.\"",
    "Depending on the chosen bandwidth, the $1/day poverty rate in 2000 varies by a factor of 1.8.",
    "The $2/day headcount in 2000 varies by 287 million people, depending on the chosen bandwidth.",
    "Approaches used: Monte Carlo simulations and analysis of household surveys.",
    "Focus: Application of kernel density estimation methods to grouped income/consumption data for poverty measurement.",
    "Factors examined: bandwidth choice, kernel choice, number of datapoints, and different poverty lines.",
    "Authors: Camelia Minoiu, Sanjay Reddy",
    "Date: July 1, 2008",
    "Series: Working Paper No. 2008/183",
    "Issue: 183",
    "Pages: 34",
    "ISBN: 9781451870411",
    "ISSN: 1018-5941",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451870411.001",
    "**_wp08183 — References**"
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