{
  "title": "The Labor Market Performance of Immigrants in Germany",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, January 21, 2016",
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  "summary": "The paper uses a large survey (GSOEP) to analyze the labor market performance of immigrants in Germany. It finds that new immigrant workers earn on average 20 percent less than native workers with otherwise identical characteristics.",
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    {
      "heading": "Data and Methodology",
      "content": "- Uses a large survey (GSOEP) to analyze labor market performance of immigrants in Germany.\n- Employs Mincer-type wage equation and regression output (keywords indicate regression-based analysis and attention to participation, unemployment, and wage distribution)."
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    {
      "heading": "Main Findings",
      "content": "- New immigrant workers earn on average 20 percent less than native workers with otherwise identical characteristics.\n- The wage gap is:\n  - Smaller for immigrants from advanced countries.\n  - Smaller for immigrants with good German language skills.\n  - Smaller for immigrants with a German degree.\n  - Larger for other immigrant groups.\n- The wage gap declines gradually over time.\n- Less success in obtaining jobs with higher occupational autonomy explains half of the wage gap.\n- Immigrants are initially:\n  - Less likely to participate in the labor market.\n  - More likely to be unemployed.\n- While participation fully converges after 20 years, immigrants always remain more likely to be unemployed than the native labor force.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- wp1606\n  - wp1606 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - wp1606 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/the-labor-market-performance-of-immigrants-in-germany-43636"
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    "Authors: Robert C. M. Beyer",
    "Published: January 21, 2016",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498376112.001",
    "Uses a large survey (GSOEP) to analyze labor market performance of immigrants in Germany.",
    "Employs Mincer-type wage equation and regression output (keywords indicate regression-based analysis and attention to participation, unemployment, and wage distribution).",
    "New immigrant workers earn on average 20 percent less than native workers with otherwise identical characteristics.",
    "The wage gap is:",
    "The wage gap declines gradually over time.",
    "Less success in obtaining jobs with higher occupational autonomy explains half of the wage gap.",
    "Immigrants are initially:",
    "While participation fully converges after 20 years, immigrants always remain more likely to be unemployed than the native labor force.",
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