{
  "title": "Transforming Non-Renewable Resource Economies (NREs)",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, July 23, 2015",
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  "summary": "This paper provides an empirical benchmarking of growth, productivity and export patterns for developing NREs against other low and middle income developing countries, to inform policy discussions and future analytical work.",
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    {
      "heading": "Overview",
      "content": "- Paper provides an empirical benchmarking of growth, productivity and export patterns for developing NREs against other low and middle income developing countries to inform policy discussions and future analytical work.\n- Emphasis on heterogeneity in associations between resource sectors and overall growth outcomes, by commodity and degree of dependence.\n- Publication date: July 23, 2015."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key empirical findings",
      "content": "- Stark heterogeneity in the association of resource sector and overall growth outcomes, by commodity and degree of dependence.\n- Over the long term, inter-sectoral growth dynamics have been more muted for NREs than other developing countries, especially at lower incomes.\n- Productivity convergence observed in mining.\n- Productivity growth in manufacturing and services was generally lower in NREs.\n- Exceptions to generally weaker productivity growth in manufacturing and services are few: East Asia and the CIS area experienced broad-based productivity growth."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Export structure and diversification findings",
      "content": "- NRE product exports are more concentrated and relatively less complex.\n- Service export baskets show increasing diversification.\n- Technological progress and specialization in trade in services may offer diversification options for the future."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords (as stated)",
      "content": "- Subjects: Exports, International trade, Labor productivity, National accounts, Personal income, Production, Productivity, Service exports.\n- Keywords: Asia and Pacific, Caribbean, Central Asia, commodity export data, comparative advantage, copper export value, diversification, East Asia, emerging market NREs, export, export basket, Exports, Global, Labor productivity, manufacturing, Merchandise export, middle income, NRE productivity improvement, NREs Weathered Post, Personal income, product export, Productivity, productivity growth, resource base export, resource curse, Service exports, service import, service sector, services, world service export, WP."
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      "content": "- Pages: 61\n- Volume: 2015\n- Issue: 171\n- Series: Working Paper No. 2015/171\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513573571.001\n- Stock No: WPIEA2015171\n- ISBN: 9781513573571\n- ISSN: 1018-5941\n\nIMF Working Paper by Bill Battaile and Saurabh Mishra, \"Transforming Non-Renewable Resource Economies (NREs)\".\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- wp15171\n  - wp15171 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - wp15171 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/transforming-non-renewable-resource-economies-nres-43120"
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    "Authors: Bill Battaile, Saurabh Mishra",
    "Published: July 23, 2015",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513573571.001",
    "Paper provides an empirical benchmarking of growth, productivity and export patterns for developing NREs against other low and middle income developing countries to inform policy discussions and future analytical work.",
    "Emphasis on heterogeneity in associations between resource sectors and overall growth outcomes, by commodity and degree of dependence.",
    "Publication date: July 23, 2015.",
    "Stark heterogeneity in the association of resource sector and overall growth outcomes, by commodity and degree of dependence.",
    "Over the long term, inter-sectoral growth dynamics have been more muted for NREs than other developing countries, especially at lower incomes.",
    "Productivity convergence observed in mining.",
    "Productivity growth in manufacturing and services was generally lower in NREs.",
    "Exceptions to generally weaker productivity growth in manufacturing and services are few: East Asia and the CIS area experienced broad-based productivity growth.",
    "NRE product exports are more concentrated and relatively less complex.",
    "Service export baskets show increasing diversification.",
    "Technological progress and specialization in trade in services may offer diversification options for the future.",
    "Subjects: Exports, International trade, Labor productivity, National accounts, Personal income, Production, Productivity, Service exports.",
    "Keywords: Asia and Pacific, Caribbean, Central Asia, commodity export data, comparative advantage, copper export value, diversification, East Asia, emerging market NREs, export, export basket, Exports, Global, Labor productivity, manufacturing, Merchandise export, middle income, NRE productivity improvement, NREs Weathered Post, Personal income, product export, Productivity, productivity growth, resource base export, resource curse, Service exports, service import, service sector, services, world service export, WP.",
    "Pages: 61",
    "Volume: 2015",
    "Issue: 171",
    "Series: Working Paper No. 2015/171",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513573571.001",
    "Stock No: WPIEA2015171",
    "ISBN: 9781513573571",
    "ISSN: 1018-5941",
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