{
  "title": "International Knowledge Spillovers",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, December 10, 2018",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/12/10/international-knowledge-spillovers-46453",
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  "summary": "How important is foreign knowledge for domestic innovation outcomes? How is this relation shaped by globalization and the attendant intensification of international competition?",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview and Research Question",
      "content": "- Title: International Knowledge Spillovers\n- Authors: Johannes Eugster, Giang Ho, Florence Jaumotte, Roberto Piazza\n- Publication date: December 10, 2018\n- Publication type: IMF Working Papers (Working Paper No. 2018/269, Issue: 269, Volume: 2018)\n- Core questions:\n  - How important is foreign knowledge for domestic innovation outcomes?\n  - How is this relation shaped by globalization and the attendant intensification of international competition?"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Data and Empirical Approach",
      "content": "- Scope: A large panel comprising industries in both advanced and emerging economies over the past two decades.\n- Controls: Models control for the amount of domestic R&D.\n- Key variables emphasized in the analysis (as stated): inflows of foreign knowledge, domestic diffusion barriers, international competitive pressure at the industry level."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key Findings",
      "content": "- Barriers to the domestic diffusion of foreign knowledge have fallen significantly for emerging economies.\n- For all countries, and especially for emerging economies, inflows of foreign knowledge have a growing and quantitatively important impact on domestic innovation.\n- Controlling for the amount of domestic R&D, there is evidence that increases in international competitive pressure at the industry level had a positive effect on domestic innovation outcomes."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy-Relevant Implications (as implied by findings)",
      "content": "- Lowering barriers to diffusion of foreign knowledge can be particularly beneficial for emerging economies’ innovation outcomes.\n- Policies that facilitate knowledge inflows and manage international competitive pressures may strengthen domestic innovation, even when domestic R&D levels are accounted for."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and Keywords (as listed on the source page)",
      "content": "- Subjects: Competition, Emerging and frontier financial markets, Financial institutions, Financial markets, Imports, International trade, Production, Productivity, Stocks\n- Keywords: China shock, cited country, citing country-industry level, Competition, countries R&D, country-sector level, Emerging and frontier financial markets, Global, import penetration from China, importing country-sector, Imports, international competition, knowledge barriers, knowledge spillovers, market share, originating country-sector, Productivity, recipient country-sector, Stocks, WP\n\nSource: IMF Working Paper \"International Knowledge Spillovers\" (Working Paper No. 2018/269), Johannes Eugster, Giang Ho, Florence Jaumotte, Roberto Piazza, December 10, 2018.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- International Knowledge Spillovers, WP/18/269, December 2018\n  - International Knowledge Spillovers, WP/18/269, December 2018 (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - International Knowledge Spillovers, WP/18/269, December 2018 (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/12/10/international-knowledge-spillovers-46453"
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    "Authors: Johannes Eugster, Giang Ho, Florence Jaumotte, Roberto Piazza",
    "Published: December 10, 2018",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484385067.001",
    "Title: International Knowledge Spillovers",
    "Authors: Johannes Eugster, Giang Ho, Florence Jaumotte, Roberto Piazza",
    "Publication date: December 10, 2018",
    "Publication type: IMF Working Papers (Working Paper No. 2018/269, Issue: 269, Volume: 2018)",
    "Core questions:",
    "Scope: A large panel comprising industries in both advanced and emerging economies over the past two decades.",
    "Controls: Models control for the amount of domestic R&D.",
    "Key variables emphasized in the analysis (as stated): inflows of foreign knowledge, domestic diffusion barriers, international competitive pressure at the industry level.",
    "Barriers to the domestic diffusion of foreign knowledge have fallen significantly for emerging economies.",
    "For all countries, and especially for emerging economies, inflows of foreign knowledge have a growing and quantitatively important impact on domestic innovation.",
    "Controlling for the amount of domestic R&D, there is evidence that increases in international competitive pressure at the industry level had a positive effect on domestic innovation outcomes.",
    "Lowering barriers to diffusion of foreign knowledge can be particularly beneficial for emerging economies’ innovation outcomes.",
    "Policies that facilitate knowledge inflows and manage international competitive pressures may strengthen domestic innovation, even when domestic R&D levels are accounted for.",
    "Subjects: Competition, Emerging and frontier financial markets, Financial institutions, Financial markets, Imports, International trade, Production, Productivity, Stocks",
    "Keywords: China shock, cited country, citing country-industry level, Competition, countries R&D, country-sector level, Emerging and frontier financial markets, Global, import penetration from China, importing country-sector, Imports, international competition, knowledge barriers, knowledge spillovers, market share, originating country-sector, Productivity, recipient country-sector, Stocks, WP",
    "**International Knowledge Spillovers, WP/18/269, December 2018**"
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