## Multiple Dimensions of Human Development Index and Public Social Spending for Sustainable Development

_IMF Working Papers, September 26, 2019_

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**Canonical URL:** [Multiple Dimensions of Human Development Index and Public Social Spending for Sustainable Development](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/09/26/multiple-dimensions-of-human-development-index-and-public-social-spending-for-sustainable-48610)

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## Bibliographic details
- Authors: Iana Paliova, Robert McNown, Grant Nülle
- Published: September 26, 2019
- Series: IMF Working Papers
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513511924.001

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### Scope and objectives
- Multidimensional assessment of human development focused on the three HDI dimensions: standard of living, education, and health.
- Analyze the relationship between public social spending and HDI indicators in the context of achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
- Study estimates effects of public social spending on:
  - gross national income (GNI) per capita (in PPP in $)
  - expected years of schooling
  - life expectancy
- Sample: 68 countries.

### Methods and analytical approach
- Econometric analysis estimating the effects of public social spending on the three HDI indicators.
- Relationship tested for robustness by controlling for a variety of factors.
- Subjects and techniques listed: Econometric analysis, Education, Expenditure, Health, Health care spending, Logit models; keywords include lagged dependent variable, effects OLS, explanatory variable.

### Key findings
- The estimated magnitudes suggest a positive long-run effect of:
  - public educational spending on GNI per capita
  - public educational spending on expected years of schooling
  - public health expenditures on life expectancy
- The relationships are robust to controlling for a variety of factors.

### Policy implications and relevance
- Public social spending—particularly public educational spending and public health expenditures—can play a positive role in improving HDI dimensions over the long run.
- Findings are relevant for policy design aimed at delivering the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through targeted public social spending.

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- **Working Paper**
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_Source: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/09/26/multiple-dimensions-of-human-development-index-and-public-social-spending-for-sustainable-48610_