{
  "title": "Measuring Social Unrest Using Media Reports",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, July 17, 2020",
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  "summary": "We present a new index of social unrest based on counts of relevant media reports. The index consists of individual monthly time series for 130 countries, available with almost no lag, and can be easily and transparently replicated.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Index construction and data coverage",
      "content": "- New index of social unrest based on counts of relevant media reports.\n- Individual monthly time series for 130 countries.\n- Data available with almost no lag and designed to be easily and transparently replicated.\n- RSUI event coding and RSUI index referenced as part of the methodology (keywords: RSUI data, RSUI event coding, RSUI index)."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Validation and event identification",
      "content": "- Spikes in the index identify major events.\n- Identified spikes correspond very closely to event timelines from external sources for four major regional waves of social unrest."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Cross-sectional characterization and statistical analysis",
      "content": "- The cross-sectional distribution of the index can be simply and precisely characterized.\n- Subject and keyword tags include: Expenditure, Labor, Public expenditure review; appendix E; Arabic language; country-horizon pair; Media; Middle East, North Africa; political science; Protest; Public expenditure review; RSUI data; RSUI event coding; RSUI index; Social Unrest; South America; statistical analysis; Sub-Saharan Africa; terms OR; unrest events; WP."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Quantitative findings on contagion and persistence",
      "content": "- Social unrest is associated with a 3 percentage point increase in the frequency of social unrest domestically in the next six months.\n- Social unrest is associated with a 1 percent increase in neighbors in the next six months.\n- Despite these associations, social unrest is not a better predictor of future social unrest than the country average rate.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Working Paper\n  - Working Paper (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Working Paper (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2020/07/17/measuring-social-unrest-using-media-reports-49573"
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    "Authors: Philip Barrett, Maximiliano Appendino, Kate Nguyen, Jorge de Leon Miranda",
    "Published: July 17, 2020",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513550275.001",
    "New index of social unrest based on counts of relevant media reports.",
    "Individual monthly time series for 130 countries.",
    "Data available with almost no lag and designed to be easily and transparently replicated.",
    "RSUI event coding and RSUI index referenced as part of the methodology (keywords: RSUI data, RSUI event coding, RSUI index).",
    "Spikes in the index identify major events.",
    "Identified spikes correspond very closely to event timelines from external sources for four major regional waves of social unrest.",
    "The cross-sectional distribution of the index can be simply and precisely characterized.",
    "Subject and keyword tags include: Expenditure, Labor, Public expenditure review; appendix E; Arabic language; country-horizon pair; Media; Middle East, North Africa; political science; Protest; Public expenditure review; RSUI data; RSUI event coding; RSUI index; Social Unrest; South America; statistical analysis; Sub-Saharan Africa; terms OR; unrest events; WP.",
    "Social unrest is associated with a 3 percentage point increase in the frequency of social unrest domestically in the next six months.",
    "Social unrest is associated with a 1 percent increase in neighbors in the next six months.",
    "Despite these associations, social unrest is not a better predictor of future social unrest than the country average rate.",
    "**Working Paper**"
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