{
  "title": "Perfect Storm: Climate Change and Tourism",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, November 13, 2020",
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  "summary": "While the world’s attention is on dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change remains a greater existential threat to vulnerable countries that are highly dependent on a weather-sensitive sector like tourism.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Scope and methodology",
      "content": "- Study investigates the long-term impact of climate change vulnerability on international tourism.\n- Geographic focus: panel of 15 Caribbean countries.\n- Time coverage: 1995–2017.\n- Uses a novel multidimensional vulnerability index.\n- Employs system GMM technique and system GMM identification assumption (as indicated in keywords)."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- Climate vulnerability already has a statistically and economically significant negative effect on international tourism revenues across the Caribbean region.\n- Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and severe over time, amplifying risks to tourism-dependent economies."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy implications and recommendations",
      "content": "- Caribbean countries need to pursue comprehensive adaptation policies to reduce vulnerabilities to climate change.\n- Emphasis on adaptation, adaptation measure, and resilience as central policy goals to protect weather-sensitive tourism sectors."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publication and metadata",
      "content": "- Authors: Serhan Cevik, Manuk Ghazanchyan\n- Date: November 13, 2020\n- Series: Working Paper No. 2020/243\n- Volume: 2020; Issue: 243; Pages: 18\n- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513559575.001\n- Stock No: WPIEA2020243\n- ISBN: 9781513559575\n- ISSN: 1018-5941\n\nIMF Working Papers — \"Perfect Storm: Climate Change and Tourism\" (November 13, 2020) by Serhan Cevik and Manuk Ghazanchyan\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Working Paper\n  - Working Paper (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Working Paper (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2020/11/13/perfect-storm-climate-change-and-tourism-49828"
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    "Authors: Serhan Cevik, Manuk Ghazanchyan",
    "Published: November 13, 2020",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513559575.001",
    "Study investigates the long-term impact of climate change vulnerability on international tourism.",
    "Geographic focus: panel of 15 Caribbean countries.",
    "Time coverage: 1995–2017.",
    "Uses a novel multidimensional vulnerability index.",
    "Employs system GMM technique and system GMM identification assumption (as indicated in keywords).",
    "Climate vulnerability already has a statistically and economically significant negative effect on international tourism revenues across the Caribbean region.",
    "Extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and severe over time, amplifying risks to tourism-dependent economies.",
    "Caribbean countries need to pursue comprehensive adaptation policies to reduce vulnerabilities to climate change.",
    "Emphasis on adaptation, adaptation measure, and resilience as central policy goals to protect weather-sensitive tourism sectors.",
    "Authors: Serhan Cevik, Manuk Ghazanchyan",
    "Date: November 13, 2020",
    "Series: Working Paper No. 2020/243",
    "Volume: 2020; Issue: 243; Pages: 18",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513559575.001",
    "Stock No: WPIEA2020243",
    "ISBN: 9781513559575",
    "ISSN: 1018-5941",
    "**Working Paper**"
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