{
  "title": "Dirty Dance: Tourism and Environment",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, September 9, 2022",
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  "summary": "Tourism was one of the fastest-growing sectors before the COVID-19 pandemic, accounting for about 10 percent of global GDP.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Summary and research scope",
      "content": "- Tourism accounted for about 10 percent of global GDP before the COVID-19 pandemic.\n- The study empirically investigates the impact of tourism on CO2 emissions in a relatively homogenous panel of 15 Caribbean countries over the period 1960–2019.\n- The paper examines international tourist arrivals' effect on CO2 emissions while controlling for other economic, institutional and social factors."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- International tourist arrivals have a statistically and economically significant effect on CO2 emissions.\n- Tourism’s environmental impact is especially pronounced in small island countries where the carbon footprint of tourism constitutes a substantial share of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.\n- Managing tourism sustainably requires addressing tourism-driven environmental degradation and excessive dependency on fossil fuel-based energy consumption."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy implications and recommendations",
      "content": "- Implement a comprehensive set of policies and reforms aimed at reducing tourism’s impact on environmental quality.\n- Curb excessive dependency on fossil fuel-based energy consumption as part of tourism and environmental policy strategies.\n- Integrate economic, institutional and social factors into policy design, given their role as controls in the empirical analysis.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Working Paper\n  - Working Paper (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Working Paper (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/09/dirty-dance-tourism-and-environment-523271"
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    "Authors: Serhan Cevik",
    "Published: September 9, 2022",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400220272.001",
    "Tourism accounted for about 10 percent of global GDP before the COVID-19 pandemic.",
    "The study empirically investigates the impact of tourism on CO2 emissions in a relatively homogenous panel of 15 Caribbean countries over the period 1960–2019.",
    "The paper examines international tourist arrivals' effect on CO2 emissions while controlling for other economic, institutional and social factors.",
    "International tourist arrivals have a statistically and economically significant effect on CO2 emissions.",
    "Tourism’s environmental impact is especially pronounced in small island countries where the carbon footprint of tourism constitutes a substantial share of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.",
    "Managing tourism sustainably requires addressing tourism-driven environmental degradation and excessive dependency on fossil fuel-based energy consumption.",
    "Implement a comprehensive set of policies and reforms aimed at reducing tourism’s impact on environmental quality.",
    "Curb excessive dependency on fossil fuel-based energy consumption as part of tourism and environmental policy strategies.",
    "Integrate economic, institutional and social factors into policy design, given their role as controls in the empirical analysis.",
    "**Working Paper**"
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