{
  "title": "Experimental Indicators of Digital Industries in Select Countries: Definitions, Methods, and Results",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, September 30, 2022",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035",
  "overlayPath": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/index.md",
  "summary": "The pervasive impact of digitalization on the economy and the lack of an agreed definition makes it challenging to obtain estimates of the digital economy.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Scope and objective",
      "content": "- Presents estimates of \"digital industries\" for five countries that participated in an experimental exercise.\n- Applies a simplified standard approach recommended by international agencies as part of the national accounts framework.\n- Uses publicly available and limited secondary information."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Methods (as described)",
      "content": "- Identifies digital products or industries as defined in international classifications.\n- Follows a simplified standard approach recommended in the national accounts framework.\n- Relies on publicly available and limited secondary data sources."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key findings",
      "content": "- The pervasive impact of digitalization on the economy and the lack of an agreed definition make it challenging to obtain estimates of the digital economy.\n- The structure and evolution of digital industries vary across countries and over time.\n- The estimates depend significantly on the underlying data sources.\n- Some countries have estimated the value of the digital economy by identifying digital products or industries within international classifications."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Policy-relevant conclusions and recommendations",
      "content": "- There is a need to upgrade data sources to better identify the impact of digitalization.\n- Improved data would help quantify the economic benefits of digitalization and better inform policy-making."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords",
      "content": "- Subject: Digital economy, Digitalization, Economic sectors, Financial crises, National accounts, Technology\n- Keywords: Digital economy, digital intermediary platforms, Digitalization, digitally delivered, digitally ordered, e-commerce, Enabling industries, gross value, ISIC Sector, nominal GVA, product classification system, supply and use tables, value of the digital economy\n\nIMF Working Paper — Experimental Indicators of Digital Industries in Select Countries: Definitions, Methods, and Results (Working Paper No. 2022/197)\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Working Paper\n  - Working Paper (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Working Paper (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "[Markdown version](/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/index.md)",
    "[Structured JSON version](/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/index.json)",
    "[Bundle manifest](/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/bundle-manifest.json)",
    "Authors: Brent Moulton, James Tebrake, Martha Tovar",
    "Published: September 30, 2022",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400221903.001",
    "Presents estimates of \"digital industries\" for five countries that participated in an experimental exercise.",
    "Applies a simplified standard approach recommended by international agencies as part of the national accounts framework.",
    "Uses publicly available and limited secondary information.",
    "Identifies digital products or industries as defined in international classifications.",
    "Follows a simplified standard approach recommended in the national accounts framework.",
    "Relies on publicly available and limited secondary data sources.",
    "The pervasive impact of digitalization on the economy and the lack of an agreed definition make it challenging to obtain estimates of the digital economy.",
    "The structure and evolution of digital industries vary across countries and over time.",
    "The estimates depend significantly on the underlying data sources.",
    "Some countries have estimated the value of the digital economy by identifying digital products or industries within international classifications.",
    "There is a need to upgrade data sources to better identify the impact of digitalization.",
    "Improved data would help quantify the economic benefits of digitalization and better inform policy-making.",
    "Subject: Digital economy, Digitalization, Economic sectors, Financial crises, National accounts, Technology",
    "Keywords: Digital economy, digital intermediary platforms, Digitalization, digitally delivered, digitally ordered, e-commerce, Enabling industries, gross value, ISIC Sector, nominal GVA, product classification system, supply and use tables, value of the digital economy",
    "**Working Paper**"
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "Working Paper",
      "role": "paper",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/wp/2022/english/wpiea2022197-print-pdf.pdf",
      "summary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/wp/2022/english/wpiea2022197-print-pdf.pdf.md",
        "mime": "text/markdown"
      },
      "binary": {
        "path": "/-/media/files/publications/wp/2022/english/wpiea2022197-print-pdf.pdf",
        "mime": "application/pdf"
      }
    }
  ],
  "alternates": {
    "markdown": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/index.md",
    "json": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/index.json",
    "bundleManifest": "/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/29/experimental-indicators-of-digital-industries-in-select-countries-definitions-methods-and-524035/bundle-manifest.json"
  },
  "generatedAtUtc": "2026-09-16T21:42:33.249Z"
}