## Equitable Access to Vaccines: Myth or Reality?

_IMF Working Papers, December 16, 2022_

## Source details

**Canonical URL:** [Equitable Access to Vaccines: Myth or Reality?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/12/16/equitable-access-to-vaccines-myth-or-reality-527070)

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## Bibliographic details
- Authors: Shushanik Hakobyan, Henry Rawlings, Jiaxiong Yao
- Published: December 16, 2022
- Series: IMF Working Papers
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400229015.001

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### Authors and Publication
- By Shushanik Hakobyan, Henry Rawlings, Jiaxiong Yao
- December 16, 2022
- IMF Working Paper No. 2022/257
- Pages: 32
- Volume: 2022
- Issue: 257
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400229015.001
- ISBN: 9798400229015
- ISSN: 1018-5941

### Research Scope and Objectives
- Quantifies the importance of various factors in driving vaccination rates across countries.
- Factors analyzed include: vaccine deliveries, demographic structure, health and transport infrastructure, and development level.
- Estimates the contribution of these factors to vaccination inequality across countries during 2021-22.

### Key Findings
- Vaccination progress varies greatly across countries, with low- and middle-income countries having much lower vaccination rates than advanced countries.
- Initially, limited vaccine supply contributed to the slow pace of vaccinations in low-income countries.
- As supply constraints eased toward the end of 2021, in-country distribution challenges and vaccine hesitancy became more prominent constraints.
- Much of the vaccination inequality in 2021-22 was driven by the lack of access to vaccines which is beyond countries’ control.
- Although vaccination inequality declined over time, access to vaccines remains the dominant driver of vaccination inequality.

### Subjects and Keywords
- Subject: COVID-19, Health, Income inequality, National accounts, Population and demographics
- Keywords: access, country distribution challenge, COVID-19, Global, Income inequality, inequality, Sub-Saharan Africa, vaccination, vaccination equality, vaccination inequality, vaccination rate, vaccine hesitancy

*IMF Working Paper No. 2022/257 (Hakobyan, Rawlings, Yao), December 16, 2022.*

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_Source: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/12/16/equitable-access-to-vaccines-myth-or-reality-527070_