{
  "title": "Systemic Banking Crises Database: 1970-2025",
  "publication": "IMF Working Papers, May 15, 2026",
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  "summary": "This paper presents an updated version of the Laeven and Valencia (2013, 2020) database on systemic banking crises, extending the coverage through 2025.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Overview and purpose",
      "content": "- Presents an updated version of the Laeven and Valencia (2013, 2020) database on systemic banking crises, extending coverage through 2025.\n- Maintains the definition established in previous editions, which emphasizes both significant signs of financial distress and substantial policy interventions.\n- Offers a comprehensive tool for assessing cross-country vulnerabilities and policies to resolve banking crises."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Key updates and methodological notes",
      "content": "- The update incorporates new episodes while preserving the prior definition of systemic banking crises.\n- The update integrates textual tools to screen potential candidates that are then further scrutinized to confirm if the definition is met."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Coverage and data included",
      "content": "- Time coverage: banking crises episodes during 1970-2025.\n- Data fields included:\n  - Starting dates of crises episodes\n  - Policy responses\n  - Fiscal costs\n  - Output losses"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Subjects and keywords",
      "content": "- Subject: Banking crises, Commercial banks, Financial crises, Financial institutions, Global financial crisis of 2008-2009, Systemic crises\n- Keywords: Banking crises, banking crises database, banking crisis, Caribbean, Central America, Commercial banks, crises outcome, Global, Global financial crisis of 2008-2009, IMF working papers, South America, Systemic crises, views of the IMF"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Research and policy relevance",
      "content": "- Enables cross-country assessment of vulnerabilities related to banking crises.\n- Facilitates analysis of policy responses and their fiscal and output consequences across episodes spanning 1970-2025.\n\nSource: Systemic Banking Crises Database: 1970-2025, IMF Working Papers (Working Paper No. 2026/094), May 15, 2026.\n\n---\n\n Content in this bundle\n\n- Working Paper\n  - Working Paper (Markdown version){rel=\"alternate\" type=\"text/markdown\"}\n  - Working Paper (PDF){rel=\"external\" type=\"application/pdf\"}\n\n---\n\nSource: https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2026/05/14/systemic-banking-crises-database-1970-2025-576036"
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    "Authors: Luc Laeven, Fabian Valencia",
    "Published: May 15, 2026",
    "Series: IMF Working Papers",
    "DOI: https://doi.org/10.5089/9798229045971.001",
    "Presents an updated version of the Laeven and Valencia (2013, 2020) database on systemic banking crises, extending coverage through 2025.",
    "Maintains the definition established in previous editions, which emphasizes both significant signs of financial distress and substantial policy interventions.",
    "Offers a comprehensive tool for assessing cross-country vulnerabilities and policies to resolve banking crises.",
    "The update incorporates new episodes while preserving the prior definition of systemic banking crises.",
    "The update integrates textual tools to screen potential candidates that are then further scrutinized to confirm if the definition is met.",
    "Time coverage: banking crises episodes during 1970-2025.",
    "Data fields included:",
    "Subject: Banking crises, Commercial banks, Financial crises, Financial institutions, Global financial crisis of 2008-2009, Systemic crises",
    "Keywords: Banking crises, banking crises database, banking crisis, Caribbean, Central America, Commercial banks, crises outcome, Global, Global financial crisis of 2008-2009, IMF working papers, South America, Systemic crises, views of the IMF",
    "Enables cross-country assessment of vulnerabilities related to banking crises.",
    "Facilitates analysis of policy responses and their fiscal and output consequences across episodes spanning 1970-2025.",
    "**Working Paper**"
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