## Jorge A. Alvarez ## Source details **Canonical URL:** [Jorge A. Alvarez](https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/alvarez-jorge) ## Other formats - [Markdown version](/en/research/researcher-cv/author/alvarez-jorge/index.md) - [Structured JSON version](/en/research/researcher-cv/author/alvarez-jorge/index.json) - [Bundle manifest](/en/research/researcher-cv/author/alvarez-jorge/bundle-manifest.json) ## Bibliographic details - Authors: Jorge A. Alvarez --- ### Biography Jorge Alvarez is an economist at the IMF and a Resident Advisor at the Technical Assistance Center for Central America, Panama and the Dominican Republic (CAPTAC-DR). He is currently on an external assignment from the IMF's Research Department and one of the contributors to the World Economic Outlook (WEO). Prior to this, he was part of the World Economic Studies and Development Macroeconomics divisions at the Research Department, and covered Canada, Mexico and Colombia at the Western Hemisphere Department. Personal WebPage: [https://sites.google.com/site/jalvarezecon/](https://sites.google.com/site/jalvarezecon/) ### Profile ### Education - Ph.D. in Economics, Princeton University, May 2016 - B.A. in Economics, Harvard University, May 2010 ### IMF Direct Blog Posts - [Geoeconomic Fragmentation Threatens Food Security and Clean Energy Transition](https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2023/10/03/geoeconomic-fragmentation-threatens-food-security-and-clean-energy-transition) - [Wage-Price Spiral Risks Still Contained, Latest Data Suggests](https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2023/02/24/wage-price-spiral-risks-still-contained-latest-data-suggests) - [Wage-Price Spirals: The Historical Evidence](https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/wage-price-spirals-historical-evidence) - [Inflation to be Elevated for Longer on War, Demand, Job Markets](https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2022/04/27/blog-cotw-inflation-to-be-elevated-for-longer-on-war-demand-job-markets-042722) - [Global Inflation Pressures Broadened on Food and Energy Price Gains](https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.imf.org%2F2022%2F01%2F28%2Fglobal-inflation-pressures-broadened-on-food-and-energy-price-gains%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AOvVaw04eVJMIzFcesXiYZKAuR0p) ### IMF Publications ### IMF Books and Working Papers - [The Energy Origins of the Global Inflation Surge](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/07/18/the-energy-origins-of-the-global-inflation-surge-568659), Working Paper No. 2025/144 , July 18, 2025 - [The Energy Origins of the Global Inflation Surge](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/05/09/the-energy-origins-of-the-global-inflation-surge-566804), Working Paper No. 2025/091 , May 9, 2025 - [Geoeconomic Fragmentation and Commodity Markets](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/09/28/geoeconomic-fragmentation-and-commodity-markets-539614), Working Paper No. 2023/201 , October 3, 2023 - [How Costly Will Reining in Inflation Be? It Depends on How Rational We Are](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/02/03/how-costly-will-reining-in-inflation-be-it-depends-on-how-rational-we-are-529103), Working Paper No. 2023/021 , February 3, 2023 - [Regional Spillovers from the Venezuelan Crisis: Migration Flows and Their Impact on Latin America and the Caribbean](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/departmental-papers-policy-papers/issues/2022/12/01/regional-spillovers-from-the-venezuelan-crisis-migration-flows-and-their-impact-on-latin-525729), Departmental Paper No 2022/019 , December 5, 2022 - [Wage-Price Spirals: What is the Historical Evidence?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/11/11/wage-price-spirals-what-is-the-historical-evidence-525073), Working Paper No. 2022/221 , November 11, 2022 - [COVID-19 and the Informality-driven Recovery: The Case of Colombia's Labor Market](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/09/17/covid-19-and-the-informality-driven-recovery-the-case-of-colombia-s-labor-market-465831), Working Paper No. 2021/235 , September 17, 2021 - [Informality and Aggregate Productivity: The Case of Mexico](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/11/27/informality-and-aggregate-productivity-the-case-of-mexico-48754), Working Paper No. 2019/257 , November 27, 2019 - [Crop Selection and International Differences in Aggregate Agricultural Productivity](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/08/16/crop-selection-and-international-differences-in-aggregate-agricultural-productivity-47118), Working Paper No. 2019/179 , August 16, 2019 - [Internal Trade in Canada: Case for Liberalization](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/07/22/internal-trade-in-canada-case-for-liberalization-47100), Working Paper No. 2019/158 , July 22, 2019 - [Economic Gains From Gender Inclusion: New Mechanisms, New Evidence](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2018/10/09/economic-gains-from-gender-inclusion-new-mechanisms-new-evidence-45543), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2018/006 , October 8, 2018 - [Structural Transformation and the Agricultural Wage Gap](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2017/12/22/structural-transformation-and-the-agricultural-wage-gap-45522), Working Paper No. 2017/289 , December 22, 2017 - [Firms and the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2017/12/14/firms-and-the-decline-in-earnings-inequality-in-brazil-45479), Working Paper No. 2017/278 , December 14, 2017 - [Made in Mexico: Energy Reform and Manufacturing Growth](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/made-in-mexico-energy-reform-and-manufacturing-growth-42745), Working Paper No. 2015/045 , February 27, 2015 ### IMF Country Reports - [Colombia: Financial System Stability Assessment](https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FCR%2FIssues%2F2022%2F04%2F04%2FColombia-Financial-System-Stability-Assessment-516087&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AOvVaw1QmDA2PFVrQdIbKKQH_0fy) - [Colombia 2021 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/03/23/Colombia-2021-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-50301) - [Colombia 2021 Review Under the Flexible Credit Line Arrangement](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/05/04/Colombia-Review-Under-the-Flexible-Credit-Line-Arrangement-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-50182) - [Colombia 2020 Request for Augmentation of Access Under the Flexible Credit Line Arrangement](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2020/09/25/Colombia-Request-for-Augmentation-of-Access-Under-the-Flexible-Credit-Line-Arrangement-Press-49780) - [Colombia 2020 Request for an Arrangement Under the Flexible Credit Line](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/05/04/Colombia-Review-Under-the-Flexible-Credit-Line-Arrangement-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-50182) - [Colombia 2020 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2020/04/16/Colombia-2020-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-49331) - [Mexico 2019 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2019/11/05/Mexico-2019-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-and-Staff-Report-48788) - [Mexico 2018 Review Under the Flexible Credit Line Arrangement](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/11/27/Mexico-Review-Under-the-Flexible-Credit-Line-Arrangement-Press-Release-and-Staff-Report-46393) - [Canada 2019 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2019/06/24/Canada-2019-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-and-Staff-Report-47021) - [Mexico 2018 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/11/07/Mexico-2018-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Staff-Statement-46343) - [Canada 2018 Article IV Staff Report](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/07/16/Canada-2018-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-46084) ### Selected Issues - [Labor Market Impact from COVID-19 and the Ongoing Recovery, 2021 Colombia Selected Issues Paper](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/03/23/Colombia-Selected-Issues-50302) - [Potential Output: Reassessment and Pandemic Impact, 2021 Colombia Selected Issues Paper](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/03/23/Colombia-Selected-Issues-50302) - [Venezuelan Migration and The Labor Market, Colombia 2020 Selected Issues Paper](https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjm1Oq4wMDyAhXtFVkFHeW_DwgQFnoECAIQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2F~%2Fmedia%2FFiles%2FPublications%2FCR%2F2020%2FEnglish%2F1COLEA2020002.ashx&usg=AOvVaw3r6VdR-0lQ_8Ru-zROQ-i5) - [Internal Trade in Canada: Case for Liberalization, 2019 Canada Selected Issues Paper, Ch. 3](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2019/06/24/Canada-Selected-Issues-47022) - [Formality and Equity: Labor Market Challenges in Mexico, 2018 Mexico Special Issues Paper, Ch. 1](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/11/07/Mexico-Selected-Issues-46344) - [A Closer Look at Productivity in Canada, 2018 Selected Issues Paper, Ch. 3](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2018/07/16/Canada-Selected-Issues-46085) - [Made in Mexico: The Energy Reform and Manufacturing Output, 2014 Mexico Selected Issues Paper, Ch. 2](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2016/12/31/Mexico-Selected-Issues-42445) ### Other Published Materials - [World Economic Outlook, October 2023: Fragmentation and Commodity Markets](https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwirlLWJ-OuBAxW1T6QEHVCyBeIQFnoECBYQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2F-%2Fmedia%2FFiles%2FPublications%2FWEO%2F2023%2FOctober%2FEnglish%2Fch3.ashx&usg=AOvVaw1WtNHktGqdU3ahNceXBp9W&opi=89978449) - [World Economic Outlook, October 2022: Wage Dynamics Post–COVID-19 and Wage-Price Spiral Risks](https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjdzKij68L7AhW0tDEKHdFVCfUQFnoECA8QAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2F-%2Fmedia%2FFiles%2FPublications%2FWEO%2F2022%2FOctober%2FEnglish%2Fch2.ashx&usg=AOvVaw1_DPpl0t9_REaxvrOk2Svr) - [World Economic Outlook, April 2022: War Sets Back The Global Recovery](https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2FIssues%2F2022%2F04%2F19%2Fworld-economic-outlook-april-2022&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AOvVaw2DbUmQK_PBcDgSBrsZPIFs) - [World Economic Outlook Update, January 2022: Rising Caseloads, A Disrupted Recovery, and Higher Inflation](https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2FIssues%2F2022%2F01%2F25%2Fworld-economic-outlook-update-january-2022&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AOvVaw0Kic_KuVoQrhp2VpgoizNs) - [Made in Mexico: Energy Reform and Manufacturing Output, 2016, in Power Play: Energy and Manufacturing in North America. Edited by Roberto Cardarelli and Lusinyan, Lusine. International Monetary Fund, Washington D.C. 2016](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Books/Issues/2016/12/31/Power-Play-Energy-and-Manufacturing-in-North-America-41597) ### Non-IMF Publications ### Publications in Journals (Referred) - [Informality and Aggregate Productivity: The Case of Mexico, with Cian Ruane. Accepted at European Economic Review.](https://www.cianruane.com/s/Informality_and_Aggregate_Productivity.pdf) - [Wage-Price Spirals: What is the Historical Evidence?, with John Bluedorn, Youyou Huang, Evgenia Pugacheva, and Alexandre Sollaci. Accepted at Economica.](https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2022/English/wpiea2022221-print-pdf.ashx#:~:text=We%20define%20a%20wage%2Dprice,acceleration%20in%20wages%20and%20prices.) - [“The Agricultural Wage Gap: Evidence from Brazilian Micro-data.” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2020, 12(1): 153-73](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/mac.20170436&&from=f) - [“Firms and the Decline in Earnings Inequality in Brazil” with Felipe Benguria, Christian Moser and Niklas Engbom. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2018, 10(1): 149-89](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/mac.20150355&&from=f) - [Made in Mexico: Energy reform and manufacturing growth, with Fabian Valencia. Energy Economics 55 (2016): 253-265](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988316300238) --- ## Content in this bundle - **1. Introduction (and related analyzed sections)** - [1. Introduction (and related analyzed sections) (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/publications/wp/2022/english/wpiea2022221-print-pdf.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"} - [1. Introduction (and related analyzed sections) (PDF)](/-/media/files/publications/wp/2022/english/wpiea2022221-print-pdf.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"} --- _Source: https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/alvarez-jorge_