{
  "title": "Christian Bogmans",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/bogmans-christian",
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  "summary": "Christian Bogmans is an economist in the Research Department (Commodities Unit) at the IMF. His main research interests are in the fields of (1) environmental and energy economics and (2) international trade, with an emphasis on the relationship between trade, natural resources and the environment. Before joining the IMF in Washington DC, he was a lecturer (assistant professor) at the University of Birmingham in the UK. Personal WebPage: https://sites.google.com/site/christianwjbogmans/",
  "authors": [
    "Christian Bogmans"
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Biography",
      "content": "Christian Bogmans is an economist in the Research Department (Commodities Unit) at the IMF. His main research interests are in the fields of (1) environmental and energy economics and (2) international trade, with an emphasis on the relationship between trade, natural resources and the environment. Before joining the IMF in Washington DC, he was a lecturer (assistant professor) at the University of Birmingham in the UK. Personal WebPage: https://sites.google.com/site/christianwjbogmans/"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Education",
      "content": "- PhD Economics, Tilburg University, the Netherlands, 2011.\n\n- MSc Research in International Economics and Business (cum laude), University of Groningen, 2008.\n\n- BSc. Economics (cum laude), Radboud University Nijmegen, 2005."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Previous Experience",
      "content": "- Lecturer, University of Birmingham, 2014-2016.\n\n- Postdoctoral researcher, VU University Amsterdam, 2011-2014.\n\n- Visiting Scholar, The University of British Columbia, March-June 2013."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Field of Expertise",
      "content": "- Energy and Environmental Economics\n\n- International Trade"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Books and Working Papers",
      "content": "- Industrial Policy and Supply Chain Bottlenecks in Commodity Markets: Evidence from Rare Earth Elements, Working Paper No. 2026/072 , July 17, 2026\n\n- Macroeconomic Effects of Rare Earths Supply Chain Disruptions, Working Paper No. 2026/073 , July 17, 2026\n\n- Power Hungry: How AI Will Drive Energy Demand, Working Paper No. 2025/081 , April 22, 2025\n\n- How do Economic Growth and Food Inflation Affect Food Insecurity?, Working Paper No. 2024/188 , September 6, 2024\n\n- The Power of Prices: How Fast Do Commodity Markets Adjust to Shocks?, Working Paper No. 2024/077 , April 16, 2024\n\n- The Impact of Climate Policy on Oil and Gas Investment: Evidence from Firm-Level Data, Working Paper No. 2023/140 , June 30, 2023\n\n- Income Versus Prices: How Does The Business Cycle Affect Food (In)-Security?, Working Paper No. 2021/238 , September 24, 2021\n\n- Energy, Efficiency Gains and Economic Development: When Will Global Energy Demand Saturate?, Working Paper No. 2020/253 , November 20, 2020\n\n- The Globalization of Farmland: Theory and Empirical Evidence, Working Paper No. 2018/145 , June 22, 2018"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publications in Journals (Referred)",
      "content": "- Optimal Adaptation of Thermal Power Plants: the (Ir)relevance of Climate (Change) Information (with G. Dijkema and M. van Vliet), Energy Economics, 2017, vol. 62, pp. 1- 18.\n\n- Can the Terms of Trade Externality Outweigh Free-Riding? The Role of Vertical Linkages, Journal of International Economics, 2015, vol. 95(1), pp. 115-128.\n\n- Climate Adaptation of Interconnected Infrastructures: a Framework for Supporting Governance (with L.A. Bollinger, G.P.J. Dijkema, M. Snelder and others), Regional Environmental Change, 2013, pp. 1-13.\n\n- Does Corruption Discourage International Trade? (joint with E. de Jong), European Journal of Political Economy, 2011, vol. 27 (2), pp. 385-398.\n\n- The Pollution Haven Hypothesis, a Dynamic Perspective (joint with C. Withagen), Revue Economique, 2010, vol. 61 (1), pp. 103-130."
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "PhD Economics, Tilburg University, the Netherlands, 2011.",
    "MSc Research in International Economics and Business (cum laude), University of Groningen, 2008.",
    "BSc. Economics (cum laude), Radboud University Nijmegen, 2005.",
    "Lecturer, University of Birmingham, 2014-2016.",
    "Postdoctoral researcher, VU University Amsterdam, 2011-2014.",
    "Visiting Scholar, The University of British Columbia, March-June 2013.",
    "Energy and Environmental Economics",
    "International Trade",
    "[Industrial Policy and Supply Chain Bottlenecks in Commodity Markets: Evidence from Rare Earth Elements](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2026/07/17/industrial-policy-and-supply-chain-bottlenecks-in-commodity-markets-evidence-from-rare-575308), Working Paper No. 2026/072 , July 17, 2026",
    "[Macroeconomic Effects of Rare Earths Supply Chain Disruptions](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2026/07/17/macroeconomic-effects-of-rare-earths-supply-chain-disruptions-575311), Working Paper No. 2026/073 , July 17, 2026",
    "[Power Hungry: How AI Will Drive Energy Demand](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/04/21/power-hungry-how-ai-will-drive-energy-demand-566304), Working Paper No. 2025/081 , April 22, 2025",
    "[How do Economic Growth and Food Inflation Affect Food Insecurity?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2024/09/06/how-do-economic-growth-and-food-inflation-affect-food-insecurity-554563), Working Paper No. 2024/188 , September 6, 2024",
    "[The Power of Prices: How Fast Do Commodity Markets Adjust to Shocks?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2024/04/09/the-power-of-prices-how-fast-do-commodity-markets-adjust-to-shocks-547625), Working Paper No. 2024/077 , April 16, 2024",
    "[The Impact of Climate Policy on Oil and Gas Investment: Evidence from Firm-Level Data](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/06/30/the-impact-of-climate-policy-on-oil-and-gas-investment-evidence-from-firm-level-data-535491), Working Paper No. 2023/140 , June 30, 2023",
    "[Income Versus Prices: How Does The Business Cycle Affect Food (In)-Security?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/09/24/income-versus-prices-how-does-the-business-cycle-affect-food-in-security-466173), Working Paper No. 2021/238 , September 24, 2021",
    "[Energy, Efficiency Gains and Economic Development: When Will Global Energy Demand Saturate?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2020/11/20/energy-efficiency-gains-and-economic-development-when-will-global-energy-demand-saturate-49889), Working Paper No. 2020/253 , November 20, 2020",
    "[The Globalization of Farmland: Theory and Empirical Evidence](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/06/22/the-globalization-of-farmland-theory-and-empirical-evidence-45907), Working Paper No. 2018/145 , June 22, 2018",
    "Optimal Adaptation of Thermal Power Plants: the (Ir)relevance of Climate (Change) Information (with G. Dijkema and M. van Vliet), Energy Economics, 2017, vol. 62, pp. 1- 18.",
    "Can the Terms of Trade Externality Outweigh Free-Riding? The Role of Vertical Linkages, Journal of International Economics, 2015, vol. 95(1), pp. 115-128.",
    "Climate Adaptation of Interconnected Infrastructures: a Framework for Supporting Governance (with L.A. Bollinger, G.P.J. Dijkema, M. Snelder and others), Regional Environmental Change, 2013, pp. 1-13.",
    "Does Corruption Discourage International Trade? (joint with E. de Jong), European Journal of Political Economy, 2011, vol. 27 (2), pp. 385-398.",
    "The Pollution Haven Hypothesis, a Dynamic Perspective (joint with C. Withagen), Revue Economique, 2010, vol. 61 (1), pp. 103-130.",
    "**Christian Bogmans**"
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